Grand's Auto Northern Division is currently purchasing a part from an outside supplier. The company's Southern Division, which has excess capacity, makes and sells this part for external customers at a variable cost of $19 and a selling price of $31. If Southern begins sales to Northern, it (1) will use the general transfer-pricing rule and (2) will be able to reduce variable cost on internal transfers by $3. On the basis of this information, Southern would establish a transfer price of:

A. $19.
B. $28.
C. $16.
D. $31.
E. None of the answers is correct.