hey Cheggstudy i have a presentation assignment i really need you guys help on this I just sent you guys my dot point about the research methods this part need to be at least 4 mints long thank for the help and let me know if you guys need more info

This is a qualitative study and the data for the study are derived through document analysis (see Appendix 2) and semi-structured interviews. Document analysis significantly contributed and assisted us to setting up a context for our interviews. We were able to generate an understanding of the scale of non-compliance of environmental-related regulations in the country, the factors weakening the enforcement of regulations and manipulation and other corruptive practices that companies pursed while discharging their environmental accountability. This analysis was also important for us to identify our interviewees. Our interviewees included regulators, media practitioners and executives from non-governmental organisations (NGOs). In total, we interviewed 16 informants during the period of six months between December 2014 and June 2015, with follow-up interviews through Skype in 2018. The follow-up Skype interviews were conducted with some of the initially selected respondents who were not available at the time when the interviews took place (please see Appendix 1 for a breakdown of our interviewees). We selected those regulators who were either directly or indirectly involved in regulating and monitoring corporates’ environmental accountability and were aware of the environmental impacts of the corporate activities. For instance, we selected interviewees from the Federal Ministry of the Environment, as this Ministry is the main organ in the country, enacting and enforcing companies’ environmental activities. Similarly, the NESREA is responsible for the monitoring and oversight of environmental regulations; having interviewees from this institute was therefore of utmost importance. Informants from the media and NGOs were selected in light of their involvement in addressing environmental-related issues. For instance, the media in the country has raised concerns about the way corporations handled their environmental activities and discharged their accountability. Many NGOs have complemented the media in exposing both the government and corporations for fabricating environmental information and also for the ineffective handling of environmental accountability (see, e.g. the coverage of the conference of some local communities of the cement producing area by The Nation Newspaper, 2014). The selection of the regulators, media practitioners and NGO representatives for interviews enabled us to compare and contrast different views concerning corporates’ JAEE 11,1 76 environmental activities and accountability. Another intention for selected these diverse groups for interviews was to listen from the regulators and reporters who were assumed to have been captured by the corporations. NGO informants helped us conform the assertion made by the regulators and media personnel. Prior to conducting the interviews, we sent out a letter of invitation to potential interviewees, stating the purpose of the research. On the interview day, we read the ethics of the study to them and sought their consent before proceeding, making them aware of the ethical considerations of the interviews, including the use of audio-tape recording and the protection of their identity before, during and after the research. We started our interviews by open ended questions such as corporates’ environmental activities, reporting of environmental activities and discharging environmental accountability. More detailed questions such as the challenges in complying with the regulations, manipulation and capturing of regulations and activities and monitoring of environmental activities were asked, as the interviews continued. The interviews were conducted in English Language, which is the official language in Nigeria. The interviews lasted between 45 min and 2 h. With participants’ consent, all interviews were recorded and subsequently transcribed. To ensure the anonymity of the respondents, we coded the regulators as R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5; media personnel as MP1, MP2, MP3, MP4 and MP5 and NGs/environmental activists as NG1, NG2, NG3, NG4, NG5 and NG6. Data generated were thematically analysed (in the sense that the data from the interviews were coded into themes). These themes were then analysed using the capture theory (Neville and Menguc, 2006), to explain how the evidence from the interviews demonstrates the capture of the institutions based on the influencing factors identified during the interviews. In analysing our data, we organised and generated codes from the transcribed data into themes. Our coding was influenced by the existing themes in the corporate environmental accounting [CEA] literature, newspaper reviews and as well as that information generated from our data transcriptions. In the analysis, we also used some quotations to provide supporting evidence to all the themes and sub-themes. This approach corresponds to data analysis as applied in prior works by Belal et al. (2015) and Bakre et al. (2017).

Q 3. What was the research method adopted? E.g. survey, experiment, content analysis, etc.

Note it is not required that you go into great detail, particularly if the research involved complex statistical analysis - just a very brief description.

Research Methods

• Qualitative study
• Data derived through document analysis and semi structured interviews
• Interviewees included regulators, media practitioners and executives from NGOs.
• 16 informants during 6 months
• Regulators were selected based on their involvedness in regulating and monitoring environmental accountability directly and indirectly
  • Ministry of Environment
  • NESREA
• Data was thematically analyzed using Capture Theory
  • To explain how the evidence from the interviews demonstrates the capture of the institutions based on the influencing factors identified during the interviews