Joel works for a major cell phone company that contains rivals in an extremely competitive atmosphere. Recently, major competitors have begun offering, sign-on bonuses for managerial employees across myriad departments. Being part of the team that resurfacing recommends compensation of internal employees, Joel's present decision-making process as well, primarily influenced by which contextual influence on direct financial compensation.

A. Labor market 

B. Labor unions. 

C. Economy. 

D. Inter industry wage differentials.