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Which of the following is a negative aspect of the ivory tower approach to the strategil

A$)$ It can lead to tensions between corporate$-$level and functional$-$level managers.

B$)$ The strategic role of autonomous decisions made by lower$-$level managers can be ignored.

C$)$ Decisions are made by top managers that are not connected to the day$-$to$-$day operations.

D$)$ It does not recognize the importance of the participation of managers at all corporate levels as a means for successful strategic planning.

E$)$ All of these are negative aspects of the ivory tower approach to the strategic planning process.