Manning, Inc. manufactures a product that has the following standard costs:

Direct materials: 40 yards at $2.70 per yard $108

Direct labor: 8 hours at $18.00 per hour 144

Total $252

The following information pertains to July: Direct material purchased: 36,000 yards at $100,440 Direct material used: 36,000 yards Direct labor: 7,500 hours at $139,500 Actual completed production: 1,025 units.

Required: Calculate the direct-material price and quantity variances, and the direct-labor rate and efficiency variances. Indicate whether each variance is favorable or unfavorable.