One criticism of using scale scores or total scores on a test is that it can hide interesting details. For example, Rutkowski and Rutkowski (2009, p. 140) rejected scale scores in favor of an item-level analysis since it would allow "for a closer examination of what respondents in a given country know and how this compares to other countries". References: Rutkowski, L., & Rutkowski, D. (2009). Trends in TIMSS responses over time: Evidence of global forces in education? Educational Research and Evaluation, 15(2), 137-152. Which of the following is true for the Student Version above? Word-for-Word plagiarism Paraphrasing plagiarism This is not plagiarism One criticism of using scale scores or total scores on a test is that it can hide interesting details. For example, Rutkowski and Rutkowski (2009, p. 140) rejected scale scores in favor of an item-level analysis since it would allow "for a closer examination of what respondents in a given country know and how this compares to other countries". References: Rutkowski, L., & Rutkowski, D. (2009). Trends in TIMSS responses over time: Evidence of global forces in education? Educational Research and Evaluation, 15(2), 137-152. Which of the following is true for the Student Version above? Word-for-Word plagiarism Paraphrasing plagiarism This is not plagiarism One criticism of using scale scores or total scores on a test is that it can hide interesting details. For example, Rutkowski and Rutkowski (2009, p. 140) rejected scale scores in favor of an item-level analysis since it would allow "for a closer examination of what respondents in a given country know and how this compares to other countries". References: Rutkowski, L., & Rutkowski, D. (2009). Trends in TIMSS responses over time: Evidence of global forces in education? Educational Research and Evaluation, 15(2), 137-152. Which of the following is true for the Student Version above? Word-for-Word plagiarism Paraphrasing plagiarism This is not plagiarism One criticism of using scale scores or total scores on a test is that it can hide interesting details. For example, Rutkowski and Rutkowski (2009, p. 140) rejected scale scores in favor of an item-level analysis since it would allow "for a closer examination of what respondents in a given country know and how this compares to other countries". References: Rutkowski, L., & Rutkowski, D. (2009). Trends in TIMSS responses over time: Evidence of global forces in education? Educational Research and Evaluation, 15(2), 137-152. Which of the following is true for the Student Version above? Word-for-Word plagiarism Paraphrasing plagiarism This is not plagiarism