P$16-32.$ Cost control; writing The following graphic indicates where each part of the dollar that a student pays for a new college textbook goes:

Where the New Textbook Dollar Goes$*...$

$75\mathrm{.}9$

Textbook Whole

Publisher's paper editorial, general, administrative cos marketing costs a publisher's incom Also includes autl income.

College Store Personnel Store employee salaries and benefits to handle ordering, receiving, pricing, shelving, cashiers, customer service, refund desk, and sending extra textbooks back to the publisher.

College Store Income

"Note: The amount of federal, state, and$/$or local tax, and therefore the amount and use of any after$-$tax profit, is determined by the store's ownership, and usually depends on whether the college store is owned by an institution of higher education, a contract management company, a cooperative, a foundation, or by private individuals.

College store numbers are averages and reflect the most current data gathered by the National Association of College Stores.

$($C$)2009$ by the National Association of College Stores SPR$\mathrm{.}044\mathrm{.}07\mathrm{.}09$

Students are frustrated with the cost of their textbooks, but most publishers would say that the selling prices have merely kept pace with inflation. Buying used books is an option, but publishers say that used books simply drive up the cost of future texts: if the publisher cannot sell as many of the new edition as are printed, the price is raised $"$to compensate for decreased sales volume, and the cycle starts again." Publishers also must cover the costs of many nonsalable faculty supplements such as instructor manuals, solutions manuals, videos, and test banks $($hard copy and electronic$).$ Additionally, as the books become "fancier" with multiple colors, photographs, and periodical cites, costs also increase.

a$.$ Provide suggestions for ways the college$/$university bookstore could control costs.

b$.$ Provide suggestions for ways the publisher could control costs.

c$.$ Provide suggestions for ways students can legally control textbook expenditures $($remember that substantial reproduction of the text is illegal$).$

d$.$ Talk to someone who went to college $20$ years ago and discuss how today's college textbooks differ from the textbooks he or she used. Are the current differences cost$-$beneficial from your perspective?