Shares were bought in a company at a price of 102, at the beginning of January 2018. Two years later, he sold all the shares at a price of 143. The consumer price index can be found on the official website of Statistics Iceland.

a) What was the annual real return on investment?

b) What was the inflation in 2018?

The real return on the portfolio was 18% in 2017.

c) What was the nominal return in 2017?

The nominal return in 2015 was 28%.

d) What was the real return in 2015?