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Show that the following three problems are polynomially reducible to each other. (i) Determine, for a given graph G = and a positive integer m

Show that the following three problems are polynomially reducible to each other.

(i) Determine, for a given graph G = image text in transcribed and a positive integer m image text in transcribed image text in transcribed, whether G contains a clique of size m or more. (A clique of size k in a graph is its complete subgraph of k vertices.)

(ii) Determine, for a given graph G = image text in transcribed and a positive integer m image text in transcribed image text in transcribed, whether there is a vertex cover of size m or less for G. (A vertex cover of size k for a graph G = image text in transcribed is a subset V' image text in transcribed V such that image text in transcribed = k and, for each edge (u, v) image text in transcribed E, at least one of u and v belongs to V'.)

(iii) Determine, for a given graph G = image text in transcribed and a positive integer m image text in transcribed image text in transcribed,whether G contains an independent set of size m or more. (An independent set of size k for a graph G = image text in transcribed is a subset V' image text in transcribed V such that image text in transcribed = k and for all u, v image text in transcribed V', vertices u and v are not adjacent in G.)

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