Synopsis

Effects of Exercise Intervention on Overweight Adolescents

You are part of a research team investigating the effects of aerobic cardiovascular and moderate weight resistance training on the BMI (Body Mass Index) of moderately overweight but not obese teens (BMI range: 25.029.9). Your team has carefully recruited four random samples of about fifty overweight adolescents each. All subjects were given access to a local gym, had an initial fitness session in which they were introduced to the facilities and their use, and passed a medical procedure to ensure they were healthy enough for an exercise program. They were randomly assigned to one of four groups:

Group A: Not assigned to any specific program ("control" or "no treatment" group)

Group B: Asked to follow an cardiovascular exercise program 3 times per week

Group C: Asked to follow a moderate weight resistance training program 3 times per week

Group D: Asked to follow an exercise program that incorporated both cardiovascular activity and resistance training 3 times per week

The adolescents BMIs were measured by their general practitioner or another medical professional before they began the study and again two months later. You have been asked to provide the top-line summary of preliminary results for your team to review based on the data file you have received, using a confidence level of 95%.

id Group BMI_1 BMI_2 1 A 27.5 27.9 2 A 29.2 29.4 3 A 28.7 29.6 4 A 26.3 27.5 5 A 28.2 29 6 A 25 24 7 A 27 26.1 8 A 28.1 26.6 9 A 27.8 27 10 A 27.5 27.5 11 A 27.8 28.3 12 A 28.7 30.1 13 A 27.7 27.5 14 A 28.1 27.7 15 A 27.3 26.3 16 A 27 27.2 17 A 26 25.3 18 A 26.5 26.6 19 A 28.5 28.3 20 A 28.3 28.1 21 A 26.1 27 22 A 27.1 25.9 23 A 27.5 27.7 24 A 27.2 26.6 25 A 25.8 27.4 26 A 26.1 26.5 27 A 27.2 26.5 28 A 28 28.1 29 A 27.9 26.6 30 A 27.3 26.9 31 A 28.5 27.3 32 A 28.1 27.1 33 A 29.3 28.1 34 A 27.9 27.3 35 A 25.9 25.1 36 A 26.8 27.2 37 A 26.6 25.6 38 A 27.1 28.2 39 A 27.6 27 40 A 27.8 28 41 A 28.2 27.6 42 A 26.6 26.2 43 A 29 29.6 44 A 26.6 28.1 45 A 28.4 28.6 46 A 27.7 28.5 47 A 28.8 27.1 48 A 28.2 26.7 49 A 27.6 27.9 50 A 27 26.2 51 A 26.1 25.9 52 A 26.2 26.9 53 A 29 28.5 54 A 28 28.1 55 B 29.3 28.6 56 B 26.7 26.3 57 B 27.4 26.6 58 B 28 27.7 59 B 26.2 25.1 60 B 27.8 27.1 61 B 29.6 29 62 B 28.4 27.5 63 B 26.4 25.6 64 B 27.2 26.5 65 B 27.8 27.7 66 B 26.7 26.3 67 B 27.4 26.7 68 B 28.6 28.3 69 B 25.6 25.2 70 B 28 27.4 71 B 27.2 26.6 72 B 26.4 25.4 73 B 25.3 24.2 74 B 26.8 26.1 75 B 28 26.9 76 B 28.6 28.3 77 B 27.8 27.1 78 B 26.9 26 79 B 26.7 26.3 80 B 28.8 28.8 81 B 27.2 26.6 82 B 27.1 26.4 83 B 27.4 26.6 84 B 26 25.4 85 B 26.9 26.3 86 B 28.1 28.2 87 B 25.7 25.4 88 B 26.5 26.4 89 B 26.3 25.5 90 B 29 29 91 B 28.7 27.9 92 B 27.9 26.8 93 B 29.5 29.1 94 B 27.4 26.5 95 B 25.7 24.6 96 B 26.6 26 97 B 26.6 26.2 98 B 27.7 26.2 99 B 27.8 26.8 100 B 27.5 26.9 101 B 28.3 27.9 102 B 28.5 28 103 B 27.5 26.7 104 B 28.9 28.4 105 B 28.7 28.5 106 B 27.2 26.2 107 B 27.9 27.1 108 B 27.8 26.7 109 B 26.8 25.8 110 B 27.6 27.3 111 C 27.7 27.6 112 C 27.3 26.7 113 C 27.1 26.6 114 C 27.9 27.2 115 C 26.9 27.3 116 C 29.2 29.6 117 C 27.5 26.6 118 C 27.6 27.1 119 C 26.9 26.2 120 C 27.4 27.6 121 C 27.8 27.8 122 C 28.6 28.8 123 C 27.6 26.5 124 C 26.9 26.9 125 C 29.6 28.9 126 C 26.8 26.5 127 C 27 27.1 128 C 27.1 26.1 129 C 27.4 27 130 C 27.3 27 131 C 27.7 27.5 132 C 29 28.4 133 C 26.5 25.8 134 C 28.7 28.5 135 C 29.3 28.5 136 C 27.5 27.1 137 C 28 27.4 138 C 26 26 139 C 26.9 27.5 140 C 27.6 27.6 141 C 27.4 27.4 142 C 28.3 27.6 143 C 27 26.9 144 C 28.9 28.7 145 C 26.4 26.2 146 C 28.1 27.5 147 C 28.5 28 148 C 26.3 25.3 149 C 27.5 27.1 150 C 27.8 26.6 151 C 28.3 27.6 152 C 26.8 26.6 153 C 29 29.1 154 C 26.3 25.6 155 C 28.5 28 156 C 27.2 27.5 157 C 28.1 28.2 158 C 27.7 27.1 159 C 26.2 25.9 160 C 27.3 27.6 161 C 27.5 27.2 162 D 28.7 27.8 163 D 27.8 26.7 164 D 27.9 27.6 165 D 28.7 27.8 166 D 26.1 25.9 167 D 27.5 27.1 168 D 26.6 25.3 169 D 27.7 28.1 170 D 28.3 27 171 D 27.3 26.7 172 D 28.4 27.7 173 D 26.7 26.6 174 D 27.7 26.8 175 D 26.7 26.3 176 D 27.9 26.6 177 D 29.7 29.8 178 D 27.6 26.4 179 D 25.8 24.8 180 D 26.6 25.4 181 D 28.2 27.6 182 D 29.2 28.2 183 D 28.3 27.4 184 D 27.9 27.7 185 D 27.2 26.5 186 D 25 24.6 187 D 27.5 26.7 188 D 26.7 25.8 189 D 27.1 26.6 190 D 28 27.7 191 D 27 26.7 192 D 27 26.2 193 D 28.6 28.5 194 D 27.8 27.4 195 D 26.1 25.3 196 D 28.2 27.5 197 D 25.7 25.8 198 D 26.3 25.3 199 D 29.3 28.4 200 D 27.6 26.9 201 D 27.5 27.6 202 D 28.6 28.1 203 D 26.3 26 204 D 27.9 28.1 205 D 25.5 25.5 206 D 28.5 28.2 207 D 28 27.5 208 D 26 25.8 209 D 27.9 27.3 210 D 27.1 25.9 211 D 26.5 25.8 212 D 26.8 25.9 213 D 27.3 27.2 214 D 25.6 25.1 215 D 25.5 24.6 216 D 28.5 28.2

for this project includes the following variables:

Id: The identification number given to each participant for confidentiality

Group: The treatment group the individual is assigned to (A, B, C, or D)

BMI_1: BMI measurement of participants before they began the study

BMI_2: BMI measurement of participants 2 months later

3. What can you conclude about the variances of the change in BMI for the cardio and weight training group compared to the group that was not asked to follow a specific exercise program? Describe the test you used to answer this question. Feel free to include any graphs that support your conclusion.