The following information is provided for Vale Inc.

Other information

Equipment with an original cost of $$60,000$ and accumulated depreciation of $$40,000$ was sold for $$45,000$ cash.

Assume there is no bad debt expense.

Required

a$.$ Prepare the operating activities section of the statement of cash flows using the direct method.

$b.$ Prepare the operating activities section of the statement of cash flows using the indirect method.