Aresearcharticlestatesthatsubjectswhoexerciseregularlyreportedonlyhalfasmanyserious illnesses peryear,ontheaverage,asthosewhodonotexerciseregularly.Theresultssection states, Wenextanalyzedwhetheragewasaconfoundingvariableaffectingthisassociation. (a) Explainwhatconfoundingmeansinthiscontext,andexplainhowagecouldpotentially explain theassociation. (b) Forthisstudy,explainwhatismeantby potentialoutcomes and counterfactuals.
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Aresearcharticlestatesthatsubjectswhoexerciseregularlyreportedonlyhalfasmanyserious illnesses peryear,ontheaverage,asthosewhodonotexerciseregularly.Theresultssection states, “Wenextanalyzedwhetheragewasaconfoundingvariableaffectingthisassociation.”
(a) Explainwhatconfoundingmeansinthiscontext,andexplainhowagecouldpotentially explain theassociation.
(b) Forthisstudy,explainwhatismeantby potentialoutcomes and counterfactuals.
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