The basic bias circuit of the output transistors of the 741 op-amp is shown in Figure P13.23.

(a) Sketch the small-signal equivalent circuit.

(b) Assuming \(V_{A}=50 \mathrm{~V}\) and using the parameters described in Example 13.3, determine the equivalent small-signal resistance \(R_{e q}=v_{x} / i_{x}\).

Data From Example 13.3:-

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Calculate the bias currents in the output stage of the 741 op-amp. Consider the output stage shown in Figure 13.8. Assume the reverse saturation currents of Q18 and Q19 are Is = 10-14 A, and the reverse saturation currents of Q14 and Q20 are Is = 3 x 10-14 A. Neglect base currents.