Tikal National Park in Guatemala is heavily visited by tourists. Does the disturbance affect animal densities? To investigate, Hidinger (1996) compared the densities of various bird and mammal species in places immediately next to heavily visited ruins to places in the park that were rarely visited by tourists. The mean densities (in animals/km2)  are found in the accompanying table. The table also lists the P-value  associated with a test of the null hypothesis that the two types of plots do not differ in mean density.

a. Which species show a statistically significant reduction in mean density near heavily visited ruins? Use a significance level of  

b. Which species show a significant increase in density near heavily visited ruins?

c. Which species provide no significant evidence of a difference in mean density between areas frequented by tourists and those rarely visited?

d. For which species is the evidence strongest for a change in density near tourist sites?

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(in animals/km²)