The Open Dentistry Journal (Vol. 4, 2010) published a study on a revised tool for assessing research reports in health care. Recall that the assessment tool was validated on five systematic reviews (named R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5) on rheumatoid arthritis. For each review, scores on the 11 items in the assessment tool (all measured on a 4-point scale) were obtained. The data, saved in the RAMSTAR file, are repeated in the table below.

a. One goal of the study was to compare the distributions of scores of the five reviews. Set up the null and alternative hypothesis for this test.

b. Explain why the data should be analyzed using a non parametric randomized block ANOVA.

c. For item #1, rank the scores for the five systematic reviews (R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5).

d. Repeat part c for each of the remaining items..

e. Sum the ranks for the R1 scores.

f. Repeat part e for the R2, R3, R4, and R5 scores.

g. Use the rank sums to calculate the Friedman Fr test statistic.

h. Find the rejection region for the test using a = .10.

i. Formulate the appropriate conclusion for the test.

j. An SPSS printout of the analysis is shown below. Locate the p-value on the printout. Does this result confirm your conclusion in part i

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Revie tem 1 Item2 tem 3 tem 4 Item 5 tem 6 Item 7 Item 8 Item 9 Item 10 Item 11 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 4.0 3.5 4.0 3.5 3.5 1.0 2.5 4.0 2.0 4.0 4.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 2.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 1.5 2.0 3.5 4.0 2.5 4.0 3.5 3.5 1.0 3.5 2.5 3.5 3.5 35 2.5 3.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 2.5 1.0 1.5 1.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 L.O Friedman Test R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 Mean Rank 2.55 3.27 2.86 2.82 3.50 Test Statistics Chi-Square 3.377 Asymp. Sig 497 a. Friedman Test