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managing organizational change
Questions and Answers of
Managing Organizational Change
Drawing on the material in various chapters in the book (e.g., HR planning, recruitment, orientation, and organizational culture), discuss the possible advantages and disadvantages of “virtual team
Related to the future considerations section of this chapter, what do you think is the greatest SHRM challenge for sport organizations in the future, and why?Describe how this challenge may lead to
Artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and big data are considerations for the future of sport organizations, with debate about these technologies both helping and hindering SHRM and
Think of an organizational change initiative with which you are most familiar.What type of change was it? What prompted the change (what internal and/or external pressures influenced the
Building on information provided in the chapter, describe other examples of technology changes, structure and system changes, and people changes in sport organizations. Discuss what may have prompted
Describe two specific points of resistance with the adoption of the UCCMS (see CBC, 2023, https://www.cbc.ca/sports/national-sport-organizations-safe-sportdeadline-risk-losing-funding), and two
Looking back at the case of change where NSOs and MSOs are required to adapt practices to ensure they are compliant with the UCCMS requirements in Canada, and considering the strategies noted above,
Think about other examples of where there has been resistance to change in a sport organization. This might involve strategy or structural change, changes required by external reviews/pressure (e.g.,
Describe the forces for change regarding pressures to adopt a specific safe sport policy/protocol (i.e., UCCMS) for NSOs and MSOs.
Outline changes facing sport organizations in the future and understand the implications, including challenges, for strategic human resource management (SHRM).
Summarize how to strategically manage change with respect to HR.
Describe the human resource (HR) implications of change in the workplace.
Explain key factors driving change in sport organizations.
Look up the employment standards act in your state, province, or country. How is dismissal defined? What is the legal procedure for fair dismissal by an employer in your state, province, or country?
Think of a sport organization with which you are most familiar. Describe various aspects of safe work practices in that organization. What does the organization do, if anything, to enhance feelings
Take a look at the CBA of one or more professional sport players’ associations.Many are publicly available on the internet. What particular aspects of the CBA stand out for you? What is the
Using the example of employees at a private golf club, design a plan to influence employee engagement through participatory decision-making (see Figure 10.1).What might you do to include employees in
Refer to an organization for which you have worked or volunteered. What efforts are there to promote employee or volunteer involvement, if any? (Consider communication, participation in
Who among your colleagues do you see with great potential in this organization?
Were you successful in transferring explicit and tacit knowledge to your colleagues?
What opportunities did your supervisor or direct report miss to motivate you to become a better employee?
Did your supervisor or direct report give you enough motivation to perform better?
How can we reduce the stress levels among employees?
How will you describe the working conditions in the unit?
How will you describe your relationship with the management?
What is your feedback regarding the company’s performance evaluation?
Which training activity did you think you should receive but did not receive?
Which training activities were really effective/ineffective?
Did we give you enough training to address your training needs?
What suggestions can you give about our organization’s orientation activities (either existing or new)?
Did you experience orientation? If yes, how was your orientation? Was it adequate? Was the organization helpful in the orientation process? If no, what would you have benefited from with orientation?
What extra tasks would you have accepted?
What experiences were satisfying/not satisfying during your employment?
How might training and development be used to address women feeling confused in sport organizations?
Discuss why players’ unions devote time and resources to developing these aspects of their CBAs. Why might these things be important to players? How do such initiatives impact employee relations
Identify similar initiatives in other professional sport players’ associations and their CBAs.
Identify the bases and process of employee and contractor termination.
Consider the nature of volunteer relations in the sport organization.
Outline the different forms of organizational justice in the workplace.
Describe the importance and management of safe workplaces and employee well-being.
Overview the concept of trade unions and the collective bargaining process.
Describe employee engagement through effective communication and participation in decision-making.
Explain the meaning of employee relations in sport organizations.
Consider your most recent job or volunteer experience. Using Hackman and Oldham’s (1980) job characteristics model, describe whether the five core job characteristics are/were low, medium, or high
Design a compensation plan with both financial and non-financial rewards, and paying attention to the three principles for a pay model (Gerhart, 2023), for the following:a. A mid-20s, single,
What are some possible biases in reward systems?
List and describe all the intrinsic and extrinsic (including direct and indirect financial, and non-financial) rewards you receive(d) in your most recent job. Which of these were/are of greatest
Consider your most recent job (full-time, part-time, summer employment). What aspects contribute(d) to your satisfaction in the organization? What aspects contribute(d) to your dissatisfaction? Are
What can sport organizations do to help ensure that volunteers’ higher-order needs (Maslow), motivators (Herzberg), and the needs for power, achievement, or affiliation (McClelland) can be met
With reference to the various content theories discussed earlier in this chapter, consider what needs may be met by the different “rewards” listed here.
How could referees’ work (such as decisions on the field) provide clearer and more direct information about the effectiveness of their job performance?
How could the autonomy of referees – their personal initiative and judgment, their independence and freedom, in their work – be increased, if at all?
If you have experience as a sport referee or official, do these findings resonate with you?
Based on your understanding of motivation theory, what factors might staff take into account in their decision whether to return the following summer?
What other rewards (intrinsic or extrinsic) could Camp Fortius use to attract, motivate, and retain staff?
What is the basis, or bases, of rewards at Camp Fortius?
Use McClelland’s three need theory to describe Sam’s motivation to remain with the local cycling club vs. Sam’s motivation to become involved in the state cycling association. What needs could
Outline the importance and examples of volunteer recognition and rewards.
Recognize job design as part of a rewards management system.
Describe the components of a financial compensation plan.
Describe different types of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards.
Explain the role of rewards in employee and volunteer motivation.
Design a performance appraisal process (what is assessed, by whom, and how), for one of the following:a. Employees in the sponsorship department of a sport marketing company.b. Volunteers of a
Explain some of the things a manager should, and should not do, when giving feedback to an employee.
What subjective performance appraisal practices may lead to bias in the appraisal process?
What are some of the benefits that can be expected from a well-developed performance management system?
Describe different performance appraisal methods and procedures.
Explain potential sources of conflict in performance management at both a systemic and individual level.
List the benefits that may be achieved through effective performance management.
Outline a model of the performance management process.
Identify the factors that impact performance from a holistic perspective.
Describe the basis of performance management.
What development opportunities are available in sport organizations? How do those opportunities provide motivation to employees to perform well?
Consider an employee training program you have been involved in or are familiar with, what were the components of the evaluation step that were included in the training? What was missed?
Discuss the benefits and challenges for implementing a training and development program for employees and volunteers.
List the different methods that can be used to deliver training and development.How do you assess which approach is the most appropriate i.e. what do you need to take into consideration?
Conduct a SWOT analysis of a sport organization you are familiar with. What is the organization’s vision? Where does it want to be in 3–5 years? What does this mean for its training and
How might you incorporate a mentoring scheme/process or other development initiatives into British Cycling? Be sure to consider diversity and inclusion within your consideration of a mentoring
Discuss the aspects that you would include in an evaluation of this training program.
Outline the steps which British Cycling undertook in this training program – as per the training and development process.
Describe how effective training and development contributes to organizational development and enables strategic achievement of organizational goals.
Explain the training and development model.
Articulate the significance of training and development in sport organizations.
Outline the aims of employee and volunteer learning.
Refer back to Langton et al.’s (2014) seven characteristics to describe an organization’s culture profile. Pick one end of the continuum of each characteristic –innovation accepted and
Using an institutionalized or individualized approach, design an onboarding process for each of the following:a. A new social media officer (new to the position and organization)b. New summer sports
Consider the six sets of onboarding tactics outlined by Van Maanen and Schein(1979): What might be the benefits and strategies of each approach when delivered online or virtually? Are some more
Describe the psychological contract you have with an organization for which you are employed or volunteer. What are your expectations of the organization, and what do you perceive the organization
Discuss your experience with entering and adjusting to a new organization, or a new job. What socialization strategies and practices were used? Were your values and expectations aligned with the
Do you think these are the best approaches? If not, what could be done differently?
With reference to Van Maanen and Schein’s (1979) framework, what orientation strategies does MEC use for its new Store Advisors?
Post-pandemic, when the workplace shifted again, did your organization’s expectations shift (again)? Did your expectations of the organization shift (again)?
What were your expectations of your work or volunteering situations during the pandemic? (e.g., home office support, continued pay, online courses/training/support, fewer meetings) Were these
What were some of the adjustments you, or others around you, were expected to make for work or volunteering during the pandemic? Were these new expectations communicated clearly by the organization?
Describe organizational culture and its role in newcomer orientation.
Articulate the importance and process of onboarding sport volunteers.
Describe a variety of orientation/onboarding strategies and practices.
Explain the importance of orientation in sport organizations.
Do employers have the right to use information gleaned from social networking sites to make hiring decisions, or is what a person posts on social media sites their own business and should not affect
Using the position above, design a set of interview questions using the behavioral-based interviewing method described in this chapter. (Optional role play: In pairs, practice interviewing each other
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