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statistics for experimentert
Questions and Answers of
Statistics For Experimentert
A variable y of a finite population has the following frequency distribution:y 0 146 f 18 14 8 10 Suppose a member is selected at random from the population and let Y denote the value of the variable
A variable x of a finite population has the following frequency distribution:x 578 f 25 40 60 Suppose a member is selected at random from the population and let X denote the value of the variable x
Space Shuttles. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) compiles data on space-shuttle launches and publishes them on its website. The following table displays a frequency
Persons per Housing Unit. From the document American Housing Survey for the United States, published by the U.S. Census Bureau, we obtained the following frequency distribution for the number of
Major Hurricanes. The Atlantic Hurricane Database extends back to 1851, recording among other things the number of major hurricanes striking the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf Coast per year. A major
Accident. On an average nearly 3 accidents happen per second in a certain city. Let us denote the number of deaths that occur in an accidents per second as X.a. Identify the possible values of the
Dice. When two balanced dice are rolled, 36 equally likely outcomes are possible, as depicted in Fig. 4.1 on page 181. Let Y denote the sum of the dice.a. What are the possible values of the random
World Series. The World Series in baseball is won by the first team to win four games (ignoring the 1903 and 1919–1921 World Series, when it was a best of nine). Thus it takes at least four games
10 Air Meter Pistol Event. In a 10-Metre-Air-Pistol event, a 4.5 mm caliber air gun is shot from a distance of 10 meters into a circular target with a 6 feet radius whose center we call the origin.
Batting Average. The official website for International Cricket Council provides information on the best batsman’s batting average in the world cups from 1975 to 2015. As of 2015 cricket was played
Black Bear Litters. In the article “Reproductive Ecology and Cub Survival of Florida Black Bears” (Journal of Wildlife Management, Vol. 71, Issue 3, pp. 720–727), E. Garrison et al.
All-Numeric Passwords. The technology consultancy DataGenetics published the online document PIN analysis. In addition to analyzing PIN numbers, password trends were examined. Seven million
Suppose that P(Z > 1.96) = 0.025. Find P(Z ≤ 1.96). (Hint:Use the complementation rule.)
Suppose that T and Z are random variables.a. If P(T > 0.3) = 0.1 and P(T < −3.0) = 0.05, determine P(−3.0 ≤ T ≤ 0.3).b. Suppose that P(−0.8 ≤ Z ≤ 0.8) = 0.90 and also suppose that P(Z >
Let c > 0 and 0 ≤ α ≤ 1. Also let X, Y, and T be random variables.a. If P(X >c) = α, determine P(X ≤c) in terms of α.b. Suppose that P(Y >c) = α/2 and P(Y < −c) = P(Y > c).Determine
Simulation. Refer to the probability distribution displayed in Table 5.6 on page 250.a. Use the technology of your choice to repeat the simulation done in Example 5.5 on page 250.b. Obtain the
Comparing Investments. Suppose that the random variables X and Y represent the amount of return on two different investments. Further suppose that the mean of X equals the mean of Y but that the
Space Shuttles. The random variable X is the crew size of a randomly selected shuttle mission between April 12, 1981 and July 8, 2011. Its probability distribution is as follows.x 245678 P(X = x)
Persons per Housing Unit. The random variable Y is the number of persons living in a randomly selected occupied housing unit.Its probability distribution is as follows.y 1234567 P(Y = y) 0.265 0.327
Major Hurricanes. The random variable Y is the number of major hurricanes for a randomly selected year between 1851 and 2012. Its probability distribution is as follows.y P(Y = y) y P(Y = y)0 0.185 5
Accident. Let X be the random variable representing number of motorcycle accidents that has happened in a region per second. Its probability distribution is as follows.x 0123 P(X = x) 0.125 0.375
Dice. The random variable Y is the sum of the dice when two balanced dice are rolled. Its probability distribution is as follows.y 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 P(Y = y) 1
World Series. The World Series in baseball is won by the first team to win four games (ignoring the 1903 and 1919–1921 World Series, when it was a best of nine). From the document World Series
10 Air Meter Pistol Event. In a 10-Metre-Air-Pistol event, a 4.5 mm caliber air gun is shot from a distance of 10 meters into a circular target with a 6 feet radius whose center we call the origin.
All-Numeric Passwords. The technology consultancy DataGenetics published the online document PIN analysis. In addition to analyzing PIN numbers, passwords trends were examined. Seven million
Roulette. An American roulette wheel contains 38 numbers:18 are red, 18 are black, and 2 are green. When the roulette wheel is spun, the ball is equally likely to land on any of the 38
Evaluating Investments. An investor plans to put $50,000 in one of four investments. The return on each investment depends on whether next year’s economy is strong or weak. The following table
Life of AA Battery. A company wants to design an AA battery that lasts longer than the existing batteries. The data compiled by the company gives the life of the batteries, X, in minutes. We are
Bulbs. A distributor orders 100 boxes of bulbs. A box of 10 flashbulbs contains 3 defective bulbs. A random sample of 2 bulbs is selected and tested. The probability distribution is shown in the
Simulation. Let X be the value of a randomly selected decimal digit, that is, a whole number between 0 and 9, inclusive.a. Use simulation to estimate the mean of X. Explain your reasoning.b. Obtain
Queuing Simulation. Benny’s Barber Shop in Cleveland has five chairs for waiting customers. The number of customers waiting is a random variable Y with the following probability distribution.y
Mean as Center of Gravity. Let X be a discrete random variable with a finite number of possible values, say, x1, x2,..., xm . For convenience, set pk = P(X = xk ), for k = 1, 2, ..., m. Think of a
Bulbs. Refer to Exercise 5.43. Assume that the number of defective bulbs on different boxes are independent of one another. Let X and Y denote the number of defective bulbs on each of two boxes.x y0
Bulbs. The distributor in Exercise 5.43 estimates that each defective bulb costs him $5 for replacement. If X is the number of defective bulbs in a box, then $5 X is the cost of defective bulbs in a
Consider the data set 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12.a. Obtain the mean and median of the data.b. Replace the 10 in the data set by 100 and again compute the mean and median. Decide
Floor Space. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development compiles information on new, privately owned singlefamily houses. According to the document Characteristics of New Housing, in 2012
It was reported that in 2004, the mean net worth of families in a certain region was $469.6 thousand and the median net worth was$92.1 thousand. Which measure of center do you think is more
Consider these sample data: x1 = 1, x2 = 7, x3 = 4, x4 = 5, x5 = 10, x6 = 15, x7 = 8, x8 = 12.a. Find n.b. Compute xi .c. Determine x¯
Consider these sample data: x1 = 12, x2 = 8, x3 = 9, x4 = 17.a. Find n.b. Compute xi .c. Determine x¯.Applying the Concepts and Skills In Exercises 3.19–3.26, find thea. mean.b. median.c.
Amphibian Embryos. In a study of the effects of radiation on amphibian embryos titled “Shedding Light on Ultraviolet Radiation and Amphibian Embryos” (BioScience, Vol. 53, No. 6, pp. 551–561),
Hurricanes. An article by D. Schaefer et al. (Journal of Tropical Ecology, Vol. 16, pp. 189–207) reported on a long-term study of the effects of hurricanes on tropical streams of the Luquillo
Tornado Touchdowns. Each year, tornadoes that touch down are recorded by the Storm Prediction Center and published in Monthly Tornado Statistics. The following table gives the number of tornadoes
Artistic Gymnastics. In the 2012 Summer Olympics, held in London, 8 participants had participated in the final round of the men’s floor exercises event of the artistic gymnastics category. The
Billionaires’ Club. Each year, Forbes magazine compiles a list of the 400 richest Americans. As of September 19, 2012, the top 10 on the list are as shown in the following table.Person Wealth ($
Tablet Computers. Tablet personal computers such as iPad and Kindle Fire are one-piece portable computers that typically offer a touchscreen. Tablets are available in different sizes but generally
The Beatles. The English rock band, The Beatles, was formed in Liverpool in 1960. There are 12 studio albums that are considered part of their core catalogue. In the article, “Length of The
Router Horsepower. In the article “Router Roundup” (Popular Mechanics, Vol. 180, No. 12, pp. 104–109), T. Klenck reported on tests of seven fixed-base routers for performance, features, and
Medieval Cremation Burials. In the article “Material Culture as Memory: Combs and Cremations in Early Medieval Britain”(Early Medieval Europe, Vol. 12, Issue 2, pp. 89–128), H. Williams
Global Warming. The following data (taken from the article“Effects of climate change on global food production under SRES emissions and socio-economic scenarios”, published in Global
A transportation company compiles data on motorcycle accidents. During one year, the numbers of motorcycle accidents in a particular country were tabulated by day of the week for builtup roads and
Honeymoons. Popular destinations for the newlyweds of today are the Caribbean and Hawaii. According to a recent American Wedding Study by the Conde Nast Bridal Group, a honeymoon, on average, lasts
The data set below shows the additional sleep in hours obtained by a sample of 10 patients given a certain medication. Complete parts(a) through (c). 1.7 1.4 0.9 −0.1 0.4 3.5 3.7 1.8 4.4 3.3a. Find
Pesticides in Pakistan. Pesticides are chemicals often used in agriculture to control pests. In Pakistan, 70% of the population depends on agriculture, and pesticide use there has increased
Annual Hydro-electricity Production. From Wikipedia, we found the annual hydro-electricity production of a few countries (in TWh). 652.05 369.5 363.8 250.6 167.0 140.5-.-115.6 85.96 69.2 65.5 In each
Primetime Broadcast Shows. From the TVbytheNumbers website, we obtained the networks for the top 20 primetime broadcast TV shows by total viewership for the week ending August 18, 2013.CBS NBC NBC
Olympics. From olympics.org—the official Web site for the Olympics—we obtained the names of the countries who won the 100-meter race between 1900 and 2012. They are listed in the following
Road Rage. The report Controlling Road Rage: A Literature Review and Pilot Study was prepared for the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety by D. Rathbone and J. Huckabee. The authors discussed the
U.S. Supreme Court Justices. From Wikipedia, we found that the law schools of the justices of the U.S. Supreme Court, as of September 9, 2013, are as follows.Harvard Harvard Harvard Yale Columbia
Robbery Locations. The Department of Justice and the Federal Bureau of Investigation publish a compilation on crime statistics for the United States in Crime in the United States. The following table
Freshmen Politics. The Higher Education Research Institute of the University of California, Los Angeles, publishes information on characteristics of incoming college freshmen in The American
Medical School Faculty. The Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) compiles data on medical school faculty and publishes the results in AAMC Faculty Roster. The following table presents a
Motor Production. According to knowindia.net, India produced 19.75 million motor vehicles in 2014-2015. The following table shows the frequency of domestic motor vehicle sales for 2014-15 (in million
Japanese Vehicle Exports. The Japan Automobile Manufacturer’s Association provides data on exported vehicles in Motor Vehicle Statistics of Japan. In 2010, cars, trucks, and buses constituted
U.S. Hospitals. The American Hospital Association conducts annual surveys of hospitals in the United States and publishes its findings in AHA Hospital Statistics. Data on hospital type for U.S.
Marital Status and Drinking. Research by W. Clark and L. Midanik (Alcohol Consumption and Related Problems: Alcohol and Health Monograph 1. DHHS Pub. No. (ADM) 82–1190) examined, among other
Ballot Preferences. In Issue 338 of the Amstat News, thenpresident of the American Statistical Association Fritz Scheuren reported the results of a survey on how members would prefer to receive
The Great White Shark. In an article titled “Great White, Deep Trouble” (National Geographic, Vol. 197(4), pp. 2–29), Peter Benchley—the author of JAWS—discussed various aspects of the
The Beatles. In the article, “Length of The Beatles’ Songs”(Chance, Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 30–33), T. Koyama discusses aspects and interpretations of the lengths of songs by The Beatles. Data on
High School Completion. As reported by the U.S. Census Bureau in Educational Attainment in the United States, the percentage of adults in each state and the District of Columbia who have completed
Bachelor’s Completion. As reported by the U.S. Census Bureau in Educational Attainment in the United States, the percentage of adults in each state and the District of Columbia who have completed a
Body Temperature. A study by researchers at the University of Maryland addressed the question of whether the mean body temperature of humans is 98.6◦F. The results of the study by P. Mackowiak et
Treating Psychotic Illness. L. Petersen et al. evaluated the effects of integrated treatment for patients with a first episode of psychotic illness in the paper “A Randomised Multicentre Trial of
The Etruscans. Anthropologists are still trying to unravel the mystery of the origins of the Etruscan empire, a highly advanced Italic civilization formed around the eighth century B.C. in central
Food Choice. As you discovered earlier, ordinal data are data about order or rank given on a scale such as 1, 2, 3,... or A, B, C,.... Most statisticians recommend using the median to indicate the
Outliers and Trimmed Means. Some data sets contain outliers, observations that fall well outside the overall pattern of the data.(We discuss outliers in more detail in Section 3.4.) Suppose, for
Darts. The following dartboards represent darts thrown by two players, Tracey and Joan.20 1 18 413 610 15 219 3 17 716 811 14 912 5Tracey Joan 20 1 18 413 610 15 219 3 17 716 811 14 912 5For the
Consider the following four data sets.Data Set I Data Set II Data Set III Data Set IV 1 5 1 9 5 5 2 4 1 8 1 9 5 5 4 4 2 8 1 9 5 5 4 4 2 9 1 9 5 5 4 10 5 9 1 9 5 5 4 10a. Compute the mean of each data
Age of Australian Residents. The Australian Bureau of Statistics publishes information about ages of people in Australia in Australian Social Trends. A sample of five Australian residents has the
Consider the data set 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4.a. Guess the value of the sample standard deviation without calculating it. Explain your reasoning.b. Use the defining formula to calculate the sample
Amphibian Embryos. In a study of the effects of radiation on amphibian embryos titled “Shedding Light on Ultraviolet Radiation and Amphibian Embryos” (BioScience, Vol. 53, No. 6, pp. 551–561),
Time Performance. From the Australian Government’s report entitled “Domestic airline on time performance 2013–14”, we found that Regional Express achieved the highest level of on-time
Tornado Touchdowns. Each year, tornadoes that touch down are recorded by the Storm Prediction Center and published in Monthly Tornado Statistics. The following table gives the number of tornadoes
Technical Merit. In one Winter Olympics, Michelle Kwan competed in the Short Program ladies singles event. From nine judges, she received scores ranging from 1 (poor) to 6 (perfect). The following
Australian Cricket Team. From cricketworld4u.com, we found the heights, in meters, of the players of the Australian cricket team.Player Height (m)Micheal Clarke 1.78 Ben Cutting 1.92 Clint McKay 1.94
Wedding Expenses. In organizing weddings, people spend a large amount of their resources on the destination, photographer, music band, clothes, etc. Most often, the location accounts for the biggest
The Beatles. The English rock band, The Beatles, was formed in Liverpool in 1960. There are 12 studio albums that are considered part of their core catalogue. In the article, “Length of The
Router Horsepower. In the article “Router Roundup” (Popular Mechanics, Vol. 180, No. 12, pp. 104–109), T. Klenck reported on tests of seven fixed-base routers for performance, features, and
Medieval Cremation Burials. In the article “Material Culture as Memory: Combs and Cremations in Early Medieval Britain”(Early Medieval Europe, Vol. 12, Issue 2, pp. 89–128), H. Williams
Monthly Motorcycle Casualties. The Scottish Executive, Analytical Services Division Transport Statistics, compiles data on motorcycle casualties. During one year, monthly casualties resulting from
During one year, the numbers of motorcycle accidents in a certain country were tabulated by day of the week for built-up roads and non-built-up roads. The data are shown in the table below.Motorcycle
Japanese Vehicle Exports. The Japan Automobile Manufacturer’s Association provides data on exported vehicles in Motor Vehicle Statistics of Japan. In 2010, cars, trucks, and buses constituted
U.S. Hospitals. The American Hospital Association conducts annual surveys of hospitals in the United States and publishes its findings in AHA Hospital Statistics. Data on hospital type for U.S.
Marital Status and Drinking. Research by W. Clark and L. Midanik (Alcohol Consumption and Related Problems: Alcohol and Health Monograph 1. DHHS Pub. No. (ADM) 82–1190) examined, among other
Ballot Preferences. In Issue 338 of the Amstat News, thenpresident of the American Statistical Association, F. Scheuren reported the results of a survey on how members would prefer to receive ballots
The Great White Shark. In an article titled “Great White, Deep Trouble” (National Geographic, Vol. 197(4), pp. 2–29), Peter Benchley—the author of JAWS—discussed various aspects of the
The Beatles. In the article, “Length of The Beatles’ Songs”(Chance, Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 30–33), T. Koyama discusses aspects and interpretations of the lengths of songs by The Beatles. Data on
High School Completion. As reported by the U.S. Census Bureau in Educational Attainment in the United States, the percentage of adults in each state and the District of Columbia who have completed
Bachelor’s Completion. As reported by the U.S. Census Bureau in Educational Attainment in the United States, the percentage of adults in each state and the District of Columbia who have completed a
Body Temperature. A study by researchers at the University of Maryland addressed the question of whether the mean body temperature of humans is 98.6◦F. The results of the study by P. Mackowiak et
Treating Psychotic Illness. L. Petersen et al. evaluated the effects of integrated treatment for patients with a first episode of psychotic illness in the paper “A Randomised Multicentre Trial of
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