The signals shown in Figure 4-79 are applied to the inputs of the circuit of Figure 4-32. Suppose that there is an internal open circuit at Z1-4.

(a) What will a logic probe indicate at Z1-4?

(b) What dc voltage reading would you expect at Z1-4? (Remember that the ICs are TTL.)

Figure 4-79

Figure 4-32

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(c) Sketch what you think the CLKOUT and SHIFTOUT signals will look like. (d) Instead of the open at Z1-4, suppose that pins 9 and 10 of Z2 are inter- nally shorted. Sketch the probable signals at Z2-10, CLOCKOUT, and SHIFTOUT.