3.38 Bar graph versus Pareto chart of countries’ gross domestic product: In How It Works 3.2, we created a bar graph for the 2012 GDP, in U.S. dollars per capita, for each of the G8 nations. More specifically, we created a Pareto chart.

a. Explain the difference between a Pareto chart and a standard bar graph in which the countries would have been in alphabetical order along the x-axis.

b. What is the benefit of the Pareto chart over a standard bar graph? 3.39 Consideration of Future Consequences and a dot plot: The following data are Consideration of Future Consequences (CFC) scores for 20 students, already arranged in order from lowest to highest: 2.0, 2.0, 2.5, 2.5, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.5, 3.5, 3.5, 3.5, 3.5, 3.5, 3.5, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.5, 4.5

a. Construct a dot plot for these data.

b. What can you learn about the shape of this distribution from this plot?