Atlas Inc. is a toy bicycle manufacturing company producing a five inch small version of the bike that Lance Armstrong rode to win his first Tour de France. The assembly line at Atlas Inc. consists of seven work stations, each performing a single step. Stations and processing times are summarized here:

• Step 1 (25 sec.): The plastic tube for the frame is cut to size.
• Step 2 (15 sec.): The tube is put together.
• Step 3 (30 sec.): The frame is glued together.
• Step 4 (20 sec.): The frame is cleaned.
• Step 5 (25 sec.): Paint is sprayed onto the frame.
• Step 6 (40 sec.): Wheels are assembled.
• Step 7 (35 sec.): All other parts are assembled to the frame.

Under the current process layout, workers are allocated to the stations as shown here:

• Worker 1: Steps 1, 2
• Worker 2: Steps 3, 4
• Worker 3: Step 5
• Worker 4: Step 6
• Worker 5: Step 7

a. What is the bottleneck in this process?

b. What is the capacity of this assembly line, in finished units/hour?

c. What is the utilization of Worker 4, ignoring the production of the first and last units? (in %)

d. How long does it take to finish production of 110 units, starting with an empty process? (Round your final answer to two decimal places.) (in mins)

e. What is the average labor utilization of the workers, ignoring the production of the first and last units? (in %)

f. Assume the workers are paid $15 per hour. What is the cost of direct labor for the bicycle? (Round your final answer to two decimal places.) (per unit)

g. Based on recommendations of a consultant, Atlas Inc. decides to reallocate the tasks among the workers to achieve maximum process capacity. Assume that if a worker is in charge of two tasks, then the tasks have to be adjacent to each other. Also, assume that the sequence of steps cannot be changed. What is the maximum possible capacity, in units per hour, that can be achieved by this reallocation? (Round your final answer to one decimal place.) (units per hour)

h. Again, assume a wage rate of $15 per hour. What would be the cost of direct labor if one single worker would perform all seven steps? You can ignore benefits of specialization, setup times, or quality problems. (Round your final answer to four decimal places.) (per unit)

i. On account of a reduced demand forecast, management has decided to let go of one worker. If work is to be allocated among the four workers such that (i) the tasks cant be divided, (ii) if one worker is in charge of two tasks, the tasks have to be adjacent, (iii) the tasks are assigned in the most efficient way and (iv) each step can only be carried out by one worker, what is the new capacity of the line (in finished units/hour)?