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psychology
Questions and Answers of
Psychology
List noteworthy changes that were implemented in DSM-5.
Describe the evolution of the DSM from its first edition to the current DSM-5.
Compare major definitions of abnormality proposed in the field of clinical psychology.
Considering the questions raised in Box 6.1, who, in your opinion, should rate the outcome of psychotherapy?
Considering the questions raised in Box 6.1, when, in your opinion, should the outcome of psychotherapy be measured?
In your opinion, how important should case studies be in the establishment of a treatment method as valid?
What can clinical psychologists do to maximize the generalizability of an analogue study to a broader population?
What is the difference between efficacy and effectiveness? Why is this distinction important to clinical psychologists involved in research and practice?
Indicate ethical issues that can arise in clinical psychology research.
Speculate on the impact of technology on future clinical psychology research.
Differentiate among various experimental designs employed by clinical psychologists (e.g., betweengroup, within-group).
Explain the experimental method as used by clinical psychologists.
In your opinion, how important is the issue of cultural self-awareness to clinical psychologists?What is the best way to increase cultural self-awareness among current members of the profession?
Define success.
List several personal qualities that help people to be happy.
Define psychology and cite its four major goals.
Explain the relationship between thoughts, feelings, and actions.
Define self, self-image, and identity.
Describe the components of identity.
Why and how are people different from one another?
What needs do all people have in common?
Where do emotions come from? What function do they serve?
Where do attitudes come from? How do they change?
What is the difference between the body and the mind?
What is a role model? (p. 8)
What are the benefits of studying psychology? (p. 17)
What is t he nervous syst em? (p. 1 9)
Define self-image. (p. 24)
What is a social role? (p. 30)
List t he t hree c omponents of ident ity. (p. 3 0)
According to the text, what makes a person successful?
Explain the relationship between thoughts, feelings, and actions.
Why do negative emotions make it hard to learn or work toward a goal?
What is collectivism, and how is it different from individualism?
If you say, “I am Catholic,” which part of your identity are you revealing?
Compare social roles with gender roles.Critical T hinking
Happiness Many psychologists believe that each individual has a happiness “set point,” a general level of happiness to which he or she usually returns. This suggests that some people are simply
Identity Imagine that you had grown up in a different culture, either here or abroad. Do you think your identity would be the same as it is now—would you still be “you”? What if you had been
Gender Roles Gender roles are reinforced through the toys given to girls and boys. Visit a local toy store or a local bookstore and look at the toys or books that are designed for boys and girls ages
Life Balance Survey two people about the balance in their life. Explain that you would like to interview them about the eight areas of their life shown in the Wheel of Life: relationships, learning
The Secret of Success Go to www.mhhe.com/waitley5e for the link to a Web site that profiles people of great accomplishment. Select three biographies to read. How did these people achieve success?
Approaches to Psychology Visit the Chapter 1 section of www.mhhe.com/waitley5efor an article about five major approaches to psychology (psychodynamic, behavioral, humanistic, cognitive, and
Define self-awareness and cite its benefits.
Explain the factors that influence people’s values.
Define personality and list the“big five” personality traits.
Compare and contrast skills, knowledge, and interests.
Explain how personality, skills, and interests relate to career choice.
Did I choose this value, or did I copy it from someone else?
Does this value make me feel good about myself?
Will other people benefit if I act according to this value?
Will something truly bad happen if I don’t follow this value?
Is this value flexible enough to allow me to pursue my needs and goals?
What is self-awareness? (p. 44)
Why is it important to have a dream? (p. 49)
What a re va lues? (p. 5 2)
What do I have experience doing?
What areas of knowledge do I have?
What projects have I completed at home, work, or school?
What problems have I solved? What skills did that show?
What do I enjoy doing? What kinds of skills does this require?
What are the “big five” personality traits? (p. 60)
What are the eight types of intelligence? (p. 65)
Once you have chosen a career should you stick with it no matter what?(p. 7 5)
What is the difference between private and public self-consciousness?
What are three questions you can ask yourself to help identify the emotions you are experiencing?
What influences people’s choice of values?
How do people develop skills?
Compare and contrast intrapersonal intelligence and interpersonal intelligence.
What are the six personality types in John Holland’s career theory?Critical T hinking
Self-Honesty Do you think that most people (or most people you know) are self-honest and self-aware? Why or why not? What do you think prevents people from becoming more self-honest and self-aware?
Value Conflict What do you do when values conflict? Imagine that you value generosity and spend a great deal of time and energy volunteering and giving to others. However, you also value financial
Emotion Log Monitor your feelings by keeping a log with you for one week. Make a note each time you experience a moderate or strong emotion, and immediately answer these three questions about it: How
Personality Collage Using a large piece of paper, create a collage of pictures to represent your personality. The pictures can come from any source and can represent any person, thing, scene, or
Personality Assessment Visit the book Web site at www.mhhe.com/waitley5e. Find the article about the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator and personality types. What is your personality type? What are its
Interest Survey Go to www.mhhe.com/waitley5e for a link to a Web site that lets you evaluate your interests and then match them to careers. Select three careers that relate to your interests and
Explain the importance of setting goals.
List the characteristics of wellset goals.
Distinguish between short-term and long-term goals.
Cite common obstacles to reaching your goals.
Recognize the causes and symptoms of stress.
Describe several strategies for relieving stress.
Explain ways to deal with anger constructively.
Am I surfing to avoid a more difficult or unpleasant t ask?
Am I surfing to avoid feelings of loneliness, stress, or a nger?
Do I make impulse purchases during my surfing sessions?
Would I be a more effective student if I spent less time online?
What is a goal? (p. 86)
What does SMART stand for? (p. 86)
What is one good way to make sure that your long-term and short-term goals are in synch? (p. 90)
Am I trying to change or control others?
Am I prejudiced against this person? Am I too judgmental?
Am I expecting too much from other people?
Do I want people to be more like me?
Explain this statement: “Goals are dreams with deadlines.”
Why should goals be specific and measurable?
Give an example of a long-term goal and three related short-term goals.
When is stress positive? Give examples.
What is the difference between aggression and passive-aggression?
How can assertiveness help you cope with anger?Critical T hinking
Anger Consider this statement by Buddha: “Holding on to anger is like grasping a hot coal with the intent of throwing it at someone else; you are the one who gets burned.” What do you think this
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