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software testing and quality assurance

Questions and Answers of Software Testing And Quality Assurance

=+ 11.6. You are responsible for the design of a communications switch that has to provide 24/7 availability but that is not safety-critical. Giving reasons for your answer, suggest an
=+ 11.5. Suggest circumstances where it is appropriate to use a fault-tolerant architecture when implementing a software-based control system and explain why this approach is required.
=+ 11.4. What is the common characteristic of all architectural styles that are geared to supporting software fault tolerance?
=+11.3. Imagine that a network operations center monitors and controls the national telecommunications network of a country. This includes controlling and monitoring the operational status of
=+ 11.2. Suggest appropriate reliability metrics for the classes of software system below. Give reasons for your choice of metric. Predict the usage of these systems and suggest appropriate
=+expressed in terms of a very small number of failures over the total lifetime of a system.
=+11.1. Explain why it is practically impossible to validate reliability specifications when these are
=+ Discuss whether or not you think this is true and the desirability of regulators imposing their views on what methods should be used.
=+10.10. It has been suggested that the need for regulation inhibits innovation and that regulators force the use of older methods of systems development that have been used on other systems.
=+should be used in the development of this system, but your manager is skeptical of this approach. Write a report highlighting the benefits of formal methods and presenting a case for their use in
=+10.9. You are an engineer in charge of the development of a small, safety-critical train control system, which must be demonstrably safe and secure. You suggest that formal methods
=+10.8. Give two reasons why different versions of a system based on software diversity may fail in a similar way.
=+10.7. Give two examples of diverse, redundant activities that might be incorporated into dependable processes.
=+10.6. Explain why it is reasonable to assume that the use of dependable processes will lead to the creation of dependable software.
=+10.5. Explain the difference between redundancy and diversity.
=+10.4. Give two examples of government functions that are supported by complex sociotechnical systems and explain why, in the foreseeable future, these functions cannot be completely automated.
=+10.3. Using an example, explain why it is important when developing dependable systems to consider these as sociotechnical systems and not simply as technical software and hardware systems.
=+10.2. Explain with an example why resilience to cyber attacks is a very important characteristic of system dependability.
=+10.1. Suggest six reasons why software dependability is important in most sociotechnical systems.
=+9.10. Do software engineers have a professional responsibility to develop code that can be easily maintained even if their employer does not explicitly request it?
=+ 9.9. Explain the differences between software reengineering and refactoring?
=+ 9.8. Briefly describe the three main types of software maintenance. Why is it sometimes difficult to distinguish between them?
=+a program to analyze the maintenance process and determine appropriate maintainability metrics for the company.
=+ 9.7. As a software project manager in a company that specializes in the development of software for the offshore oil industry, you have been given the task of discovering the factors that
=+ 9.6. Explain why problems with support software might mean that an organization has to replace its legacy systems.
=+ 9.5. What are the strategic options for legacy system evolution? When would you normally replace all or part of a system rather than continue maintenance of the software?
=+subsystems can be re-engineered with minimal impact on the operations of the organization.
=+ 9.4. Some software subsystems are seen as “low quality, high business value.” Discuss how those
=+ 9.3. Explain why legacy systems should be thought of as sociotechnical systems rather than simply software systems that were developed using old technology.
=+9.2. From Figure 9.4, you can see that impact analysis is an important subprocess in the software evolution process. Using a diagram, suggest what activities might be involved in change impact
=+9.1. Explain how advances in technology can force a software subsystem to undergo change or run the risk of becoming useless.
=+8.10. A common approach to system testing is to test the more important functionalities of a system first, followed by the less important functionalities until the testing budget is exhausted.
=+8.9. What are the benefits of involving users in release testing at an early stage in the testing process? Are there disadvantages in user involvement?
=+8.8. What do you understand by the term stress testing? Suggest how you might stress-test the Mentcare system.
=+ 8.7. Write a scenario that could be used to help design tests for the wilderness weather station system.
=+you think are the differences between testing such a system and testing software that is developed using an object-oriented language such as Java?
=+8.6. The Mentcare system is constructed by adapting an off-the-shelf information system. What do
=+8.5. What is regression testing? Explain how the use of automated tests and a testing framework such as JUnit simplifies regression testing.
=+the paragraph, replaces sequences of blank characters with a single blank character. Identify testing partitions for this example and derive a set of tests for the catWhiteSpace method.
=+ 8.4. You have been asked to test a method called catWhiteSpace in a “Paragraph” object that, within
=+all testing should be the responsibility of a separate team. Give arguments for and against testing by the developers themselves.
=+8.3. Some people argue that developers should not be involved in testing their own code but that
=+8.2. Testing is meant to show that a program does what it is intended to do. Why may testers not always know what a program is intended for?
=+8.1. Explain how the number of known defects remaining in a program at the time of delivery affects product support.
=+The software company has an opportunity to bid for a new contract, which would more than double its customer base. The new customer wishes to have some involvement in the configuration of the
=+7.10. A small company has developed a specialized software product that it configures specially for each customer. New customers usually have specific requirements to be incorporated into their
=+7.9. When code is integrated into a larger system, problems may surface. Explain how configuration management can be useful when handling such problems.
=+7.8. Draw a UML state diagram showing the possible state changes in either the group diary or the filling station system.
=+7.7. Draw a sequence diagram showing the interactions of objects in a group diary system when a group of people are arranging a meeting.
=+fuel required. When fuel delivery is complete and the pump hose is returned to its holster, the driver’s credit card account is debited with the cost of the fuel taken. The credit card is
=+■ A filling station (gas station) is to be set up for fully automated operation. Drivers swipe their credit card through a reader connected to the pump; the card is verified by communication with
=+■ A group diary and time management system is intended to support the timetabling of meetings and appointments across a group of co-workers. When an appointment is to be made that involves a
=+7.6. Identify possible objects in the following systems and develop an object-oriented design for them. You may make any reasonable assumptions about the systems when deriving the design.
=+7.5. Develop the design of the weather station to show the interaction between the data collection subsystem and the instruments that collect weather data. Use sequence diagrams to show this
=+7.4. A shape can be classified into 2-D and 3-D. Design an inheritance hierarchy that will include different kinds of 2-D and 3-D shapes. Make sure you identify at least five other classes of
=+7.3. Using the UML graphical notation for object classes, design the following object classes, identifying attributes and operations. Use your own experience to decide on the attributes and
=+7.2. Assume that the Mentcare system is being developed using an object-oriented approach. Draw a use case diagram showing at least six possible use cases for this system.
=+7.1. Using the tabular notation shown in Figure 7.3, specify the weather station use cases for Report status and Reconfigure. You should make reasonable assumptions about the functionality that is
=+company would then implement the system. What might be the difficulties of establishing such a profession?
=+6.10. Should there be a separate profession of ’software architect’ whose role is to work independently with a customer to design the software system architecture? A separate software
=+6.9. Using the basic model of an information system, as presented in Figure 6.18, suggest the components that might be part of an information system that allows users to view box office events,
=+ 6.8. Using the generic model of a language processing system presented here, design the architecture of a system that accepts natural language commands and translates these into database
=+becomes available. The company has several existing asset databases that should be integrated through this system. Design a layered architecture for this asset management system based on the
=+ 6.7. An information system is to be developed to maintain information about assets owned by a utility company such as buildings, vehicles, and equipment. It is intended that this will ben
=+ 6.6. Suggest an architecture for a system (such as iTunes) that is used to sell and distribute music on the Internet. What Architectural patterns are the basis for your proposed architecture?
=+drones can be remotely controlled by human operators. Explain how multiple architectural patterns can fit together to help build this kind of system.
=+ 6.5. A software system will be built to allow drones to autonomously herd cattle in farms. These
=+A robot floor-cleaner that is intended to clean relatively clear spaces such as corridors. The cleaner must be able to sense walls and other obstructions.
=+A computer-controlled video conferencing system that allows video, audio, and computer data to be visible to several participants at the same time.
=+A ticket machine used by passengers at a railway station.
=+ 6.4. Draw diagrams showing a conceptual view and a process view of the architectures of the following systems:
=+ 6.3. Performance and security may pose to be conflicting non-functional requirements when architecting software systems. Make an argument in support of this statement.
=+justify the hiring of a system architect for a new project. Write a list of bullet points setting out the key points in your presentation in which you explain the importance of software
=+ 6.2. You have been asked to prepare and deliver a presentation to a nontechnical manager to
=+6.1. When describing a system, explain why you may have to start the design of the system architecture before the requirements specification is complete.
=+1.10. The “Drone Revolution” is currently being debated and discussed all over the world. Drones are unmanned flying machines that are built and equipped with various kinds of software systems
=+1.9. For each of the clauses in the ACM/IEEE Code of Ethics shown in Figure 1.4, propose an appropriate example that illustrates that clause.
=+1.8. Noncertified individuals are still allowed to practice software engineering. Discuss some of the possible drawbacks of this.
=+1.7. Explain how electronic connectivity between various development teams can support software engineering activities.
=+1.6. Explain why the fundamental software engineering principles of process, dependability, requirements management, and reuse are relevant to all types of software system.
=+1.5. Based on your own knowledge of some of the application types discussed in Section 1.1.2, explain, with examples, why different application types require specialized software engineering
=+1.4. Software engineering is not only concerned with issues like system heterogeneity, business and social change, trust, and security, but also with ethical issues affecting the domain. Give some
=+1.3. Briefly discuss why it is usually cheaper in the long run to use software engineering methods and techniques for software systems.
=+1.2. What is the most important difference between generic software product development and custom software development? What might this mean in practice for users of generic software products?
=+1.1. Explain why professional software that is developed for a customer is not simply the programs that have been developed and delivered.
=+What emerging trends can be expected to have a signifi-cant influence on software engineering practice in the next decade?..
=+36.4. Explore the inventory analysis checklist presented at the SEPA website and attempt to develop a quantitative software rating system that could be applied to existing programs in an effort to
=+c. Discuss your experiences in class.
=+a. Perform all software engineering tasks including a brief walkthrough (but not with the author of the program).b. Keep careful track of all errors encountered during testing.
=+by your instructor) in the program you have received.
=+36.3. Your instructor will select one of the programs that everyone in the class has devel-oped during this course. Exchange your program randomly with someone else in the class Do not explain or
=+36.2. Do some research on the efficacy of business process reengineering. Present pro and con arguments for this approach.
=+36.1. Consider any job that you've held in the last five years. Describe the business process in which you played a part. Use the BPR model described in Section 36.4.2 to recommend changes to the
=+equivalence of interfaces is relevant here?
=+the economic analysis presented in Section 36.9.
=+36.5. Suggest alternatives to paper and ink or conventional electronic documentation that could serve as the basis for document restructuring. (Hint: Think of new descriptive tech-nologies that
=+36.6. Some people believe that artificial intelligence technology will increase the abstrac-tion level of the reverse engineering process. Do some research on this subject (i.e ., the use of AI for
=+What is software process improvement and how can it be used to improve the state of software engineering practice?
=+36.12. How would you determine P, through P, in the cost-benefit model presented in Section 36.9?
=+discuss case studies of mainframe to client-server reengineering. Present a summary.

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