In a large metropolitan area, 65% of commuters ride the train only, 18% ride the bus only, and 6% ride both the train and the bus to get to the central business district. a. What is the probability...

Suppose an instructor wants to see if there is an association between the amount of sleep students get and their ability to memorize words. The instructor asks her students to suggest ways to collect...

Reconsider the reaction time study in the previous question. a. Describe how you would conduct this study with an independent samples design? b. Which design, paired with repeated measures or...

Reconsider the reaction time study in the previous questions a. Describe how you would conduct this study with a paired design using matching? b. Which design, paired with repeated measures or paired...

Reconsider the memorization and exercise study in the previous question. a. Describe how you would conduct this study with an independent samples design? b. Which design, paired with repeated...

At Shoe World, the manager finds the probability that a woman will buy 1, 2, 3, or 4 pairs of shoes is shown. Construct a graph for the distribution. Number X 1 3 0.08 4 0.02 Probability P(X) 0.63...

Does listening to music affect how many words you can memorize? Student researchers tried to answer this question by having 20 subjects listen to music while trying to memorize words and also had the...

If 3% of all cars fail the emissions inspection, find the probability that in a sample of 90 cars, 3 will fail. Use the Poisson approximation.

Reconsider the previous exercises on memorization with and without a delay. If you havent already done so, put the data file MemorizationDelay into the Matched Pairs applet and do at least 1,000...

In a survey, 63% of Americans said they own an answering machine. If 14 Americans are selected at random, find the probability that exactly 9 own an answering machine.

Recall the previous exercises about estimating energy expenditure. Previously you carried out a theory-based matched pairs test to investigate whether, on average, men in the study significantly...

A survey found that 25% of pet owners had their pets bathed professionally rather than do it themselves. If 18 pet owners are randomly selected, find the probability that exactly 5 people have their...

In 2014 the percentage of the U.S. population that speak English only in the home is 78.9%. Choose 15 U.S. people at random. What is the probability that exactly one-third of them speak English only?...

A survey found that 10% of Americans believe that they have seen a UFO. For a sample of 10 people, find each probability: a. That at least 2 people believe that they have seen a UFO b. That 2 or 3...

A survey was taken of the number of daily newspapers a person reads per day. Find the mean, variance, and standard deviation of the distribution. P(X) 0.42 3 2 2 0.35 0.03 0.20

The Nellie Mae organization conducts an extensive annual study of credit card usage by college students. For their 2004 study, they analyzed credit bureau data for a random sample of 1,413...

Reconsider the previous two exercises. a. Determine a 95% confidence interval for the difference in long-run probabilities of successfully abstaining from smoking between the two groups. b. Interpret...

Under what conditions should the finite population correction factor be used in determining the standard error of a sampling distribution?

A company in Hawaii manages properties for owners and arranges for the properties to be rented. A property owner who is considering using the company is told that 10% of the bookings result in a...

Reconsider the data from the previous study about the effect of specialized prenatal care for women with gestational diabetes. Do the data provide evidence of a relationship between the type of...

A recent study examined hearing loss data for 1,771 U.S. teenagers. In this sample, 333 were found to have some level of hearing loss. News of this study spread quickly, with many news articles...

The Wilcoxon signed-rank test can be used to perform a hypothesis test for a population median, , as well as for a population mean, . Why is that so?

Define the following terms: a. Slope b. y-intercept

Suppose you have very little knowledge about professional ice hockey, but you want to get a sense of how many goals are scored per game on average and what a typical margin of victory is. You decide...

(a) In Exercise 3.7, how many of the 15 trucks would you expect to have blowouts? (b) What is the variance of the number of blowouts experienced by the 15 trucks? What does that mean? Exercise 3.7 In...

Do different generations view marriage differently? A 2010 survey conducted by the Pew Research Center asked the following question of each participant: Is marriage becoming obsolete? Results of this...

The Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) measures the ability of a person to infer the mental state of another from looking at facial expressions. Researchers Domes et al. (Biological Psychiatry,...

Is the sample large enough to use a theory-based test? As mentioned earlier, sand is used in the filter. Different filters had different amounts of sand. The students split the filters into two...

Suppose you want to compare proportions of adults who have donated blood within the past year among California, Iowa, Massachusetts, and Michigan residents. You take a random sample of 200 adults...

Do different generations view marriage differently? A 2010 survey of a random sample of adult Americans conducted by the Pew Research Center asked the following question of each participant: Is...

Use this data set: 13, 18, and 11 to find the following: (X 14) =

In a September 2013 poll conducted by the Pew Research Center, they asked a random sample of U.S. adults if they owned a smart phone. The results are shown in the following table by race. a. What...

Suppose two surveys are done to see if Democrats, Independents, and Republicans differ on their agreement with a certain issue and the results are shown in the following two tables. a. Input the...

The ____ column in a frequency distribution is a restatement of the information in the cumulative frequency column.

The median separates the top ____% of scores from the bottom ____% of scores.

Recall Exercise 8.1.12 about whether different generations view marriage differently. The corresponding data are available in the file MarriageViews. a. State the appropriate null and alternative...

In a study of the relationship between sleep apnea and hypertension (New England Journal of Medicine, 2000), researchers Peppard et al. categorized the participants by the severity of sleep apnea at...

Kurtosis refers to how ____ or ____ a frequency distribution is.

The ____ is symmetric, has the highest point in the middle, and includes frequencies that decrease as one moves away from the midpoint.

If one has interval or ratio data and the data set is skewed, one should use a ____ as the measure of central tendency.

The range tells the distance from the ____ score to the ____ score.

Because populations are so ____, it is practically impossible to measure variability in them.

The information used from each case, in calculating variance and standard deviation, is its ____ score.

The average deviation score is not useful as a measure of variability because the ____ of the deviation scores is always ____.

____ is the abbreviation for population variance.

If the standard deviation is small, then the scores fall relatively close to the ____.

Use the appropriate applet to construct a simulated null distribution using the slope of the least squares regression line as the statistic. Mark the observed least squares slope on this graph. a....

Given the following interval-level numbers, calculate the mean: 0.13, 0.28, 0.42, 0.36, and 0.26.

Calculate s for these data, which have a mean of 37.20: 24, 36, 42, 50, and 34.

What are the SAT subtest scores associated with the extreme 15% of scores?

The book Day Hikes in San Luis Obispo County lists information about 72 hikes, including the distance of the hike (in miles), the elevation gain of the hike (in feet), and the time that the hike is...

The following scatterplot represents scores on Test 2 and Test 3 in Introductory Statistics for a random sample of students. The regression equation for these data is yÌ = 55.2 + 0.3708x,...

Refer to the data in the previous exercise. a. State the null and alternative hypotheses for a test of possible association between pages and price. b. The null distribution for Exercise 10.4.7 was...

The middle 16% of scores in a normal distribution consist of ____% just above the mean and ____% just below the mean.

The data in the file UsedHondaCivics come from a sample of used Honda Civics listed for sale online in July 2006. Th e variables recorded are the cars age (calculated as 2006 minus year of...

In a normal distribution, the percentile rank at the ____ is 50.

One can use the z score table in reverse, to find a ____ when given a percentile rank.

The area that falls from the mean to a negative z score cant exceed ____%.

The area that falls above a positive z score is the same as the area that falls ____ a negative z score.

Most psychological variables are considered to be ____.

Three numbers that are good to remember for estimating areas in a normal distribution are ____, ____, and ____.

Refer back to the previous two exercises that explore the association between number of letters in a name and the corresponding Scrabble score. Recall that the data file ScrabbleNames contains data...

If two outcomes are ____, then what the first outcome is has no impact on what the second outcome is.

According to the central limit theorem, the sampling distribution of the mean will be normally distributed, no matter what the ____ of the parent population is.

The standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the mean is called the ____.

Students in a statistics class in a four-year university in California were randomly assigned to be asked one of the following three questions: Suppose that a part of the state of California was...

In a study of the effect of wing length on the flight time of paper helicopters, two wing lengths were of interest: 2 cm and 3 cm. Two paper helicopters were made, one with a wing length of 2 cm and...

Each singer in the New York Choral Society in 1979 self-reported his or her height to the nearest inch. Their voice parts in order from highest pitch to lowest pitch are Soprano, Alto, Tenor, and...

In a ____, all the cases in the population have an equal chance of being selected.

Reconsider Exercise 9.1.23 on major and time needed to complete a puzzle. Th ere was one outlier in the applied science group. The researchers reported that this subject kept getting distracted while...

The null hypothesis says that the independent variable does/does not have an impact on the dependent variable.

The two plots below show distributions of age (left panel) and length (right panel) for male and female rattlesnakes caught at two different sites. Here are the four groups: a. Classify each of the...

The U.S. Census Bureau classifies the 50 U.S. states into four regions: Northeast (9 states, New England and Middle Atlantic): CT, ME, MA, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, VT South (16 states, South Atlantic,...

The observational unit and explanatory variable are the same as in Exercise 9.CE.17. Consider another four response variables: Year that a state joined the union, number of McDonalds restaurants in...

The observational unit and explanatory variable are the same as in Exercise 9.CE.17. Th e dotplots for Exercise 9.CE.19 are for a third set of response variables: precipitation (a states annual...

____, in APA format, means the null hypothesis was rejected.

The plot shows total payroll in millions of dollars for the 30 major league teams of professional baseball sorted by league (National or American) and division (East, Central, West). a. Identify the...

When determining the p-value using the MAD statistic: A. We always count the values in the null distribution that are greater than or equal to our observed MAD statistic. B. We always count the...

____, in APA format, means the null hypothesis was not rejected.

If one fails to reject the null hypothesis, one says there is ____ evidence to conclude that the independent variable affects the dependent variable.

Are the validity conditions met to complete a theory-based chi-square test for these data? Explain. Whether the conditions are met or not, use a theory-based chi-square test to find a p-value for...

If the cost of making a Type I error is high, one might set alpha at ____.

The probability of Type II error is commonly set at ____.

The mean vacancy rate for apartment rentals in the United States is 10% with a standard deviation of 4.6. An urban studies major obtained a sample of 15 rustbelt cities and found that the mean...

An acticle in Biometrics [Integrative Analysis of Transcriptomic and Proteomic Data of Desulfovibrio Vulgaris: A Nonlinear Model to Predict Abundance of Undetected Proteins (2009)] reported that...

Calculate z for M = 97, = 85, and M = 4.5

Given N = 87 and z = 1.96, (a) Decide if the null hypothesis was rejected, and (b) Report the results in APA format. Use = .05,two-tailed.

The following data are the viscosity measurements for a chemical product observed hourly (read down, then left to right). Construct and interpret either a digidot plot or a separate stem-and-leaf and...

In their book Time Series Analysis, Forecasting, and Control (Prentice Hall, 1994), G. E. P. Box, G. M. Jenkins, and G. C. Reinsel present chemical process concentration readings made every two...

Two sample t tests compare the ____ of one sample to the ____ of another sample.

A classic experiment might use a two-sample t test to compare a ____ group to an ____ group.

If each sample in a two-sample t test is a random sample from its population, then the test is an ____-samples t test.

____ is the abbreviation for the total sample size in an independent-samples t test; ____ and ____ are the abbreviations for the sizes of the samples in the two groups.

The nonrobust assumption for an independent- samples t test is ____.

One tests the ____ assumption for the independent- samples t test by comparing the ____ of the two samples.

The null hypothesis for a two-tailed independent- samples t test, expressed mathematically, is ____.

If the null hypothesis for an independent-samples t test is true, then the observed difference between the sample means is due to ____.

t tests commonly are ____ tailed and have ____ set at .05.

To calculate s M1M2 , one needs to know the sample ____ and the sample ____.

If a researcher rejects the ____, the researcher is forced to accept the ____.