The ionization energies of the alkali metals (that is, the lowest energy required to remove one outer electron when the atom is in its ground state) are about 4 or 5 eV, while those of the noble...
Your physics assignment is to figure out a way to use electricity to launch a small 6.0-cm-long plastic drink stirrer. You decide that youll charge the little plastic rod by rubbing it with fur, then...
A 2.0-mm-diameter glass sphere has a charge of +1.0 nC. What speed does an electron need to orbit the sphere 1.0 mm above the surface?
The electric field strength is 20,000 N/C inside a parallel plate capacitor with a 1.0 mm spacing. An electron is released from rest at the negative plate. What is the electrons speed when it reaches...
A proton is released from rest at the positive plate of a parallelplate capacitor. It crosses the capacitor and reaches the negative plate with a speed of 50,000 m/s. What will be the final speed of...
Rank in order, from most positive to most negative, the potential energies U a to U f of the six electric dipoles in the uniform electric field of FIGURE Q25.5. Explain. a d. e
A -10.0 nC point charge and a +20.0 nC point charge are 15.0 cm apart on the x-axis. a. What is the electric potential at the point on the x-axis where the electric field is zero? b. What is the...
The arrangement of charges shown in FIGURE P25.68 is called a linear electric quadrupole. The positive charges are located at y = ±s. Notice that the net charge is zero. Find an expression for...
FIGURE P25.69 shows a thin rod of length L and charge Q. Find an expression for the electric potential a distance z away from the center of rod on the line that bisects the rod. -Point on bisecting...
What are the strength and direction of the electric field at the position indicated by the dot in FIGURE P23.35? Give your answer (a) In component form. (b) As a magnitude and angle measured cw or...
A sculptor has asked you to help electroplate gold onto a brass statue. You know that the charge carriers in the ionic solution are singly charged gold ions, and youve calculated that you must...
The biochemistry that takes place inside cells depends on various elements, such as sodium, potassium, and calcium, that are dissolved in water as ions. These ions enter cells through narrow pores in...
Electrical engineers sometimes use a wires conductance, G = A/L, instead of its resistance. a. Write Ohms law in terms of conductance, starting with V = . b. What is the conductance of a 5.4-cm-long,...
Two 10-cm-diameter metal plates 1.0 cm apart are charged to 12.5 nC. They are suddenly connected together by a 0.224-mm-diameter copper wire stretched taut from the center of one plate to the center...
The switch in FIGURE CP28.80 has been closed for a very long time. a. What is the charge on the capacitor?b. The switch is opened at t = 0 s. At what time has the charge on the capacitor decreased to...
The flash on a compact camera stores energy in a 120 F capacitor that is charged to 220 V. When the flash is fired, the capacitor is quickly discharged through a lightbulb with 5.0 of resistance. a....
For the circuit shown in FIGURE P28.62, find the current through and the potential difference across each resistor. Place your results in a table for ease of reading. 24 0 5 ww ww 12 V 12 3 V FIGURE...
For the circuit shown in FIGURE P28.58, find the current through and the potential difference across each resistor. Place your results in a table for ease of reading. 6 50 24 V= 10 ww FIGURE P28.58
How much power is dissipated by each resistor in FIGURE EX28.8? R = 12 N 12 V R = 18 0 FIGURE EX28.8 ww
Draw a circuit diagram for the circuit of FIGURE EX28.2. 100 0 50n 12 V 10 uF FIGURE EX28.2
What is the equivalent resistance between points a and b in FIGURE EX28.25? a 60 40 210 60 N60 N 45 b FIGURE EX28.25
a. How many conduction electrons are there in a 1.0-mm diameter gold wire that is 10 cm long? b. How far must the sea of electrons in the wire move to deliver -32 nC of charge to an electrode?
What is the current through the 20 resistor in FIGURE P28.61? 20 : 20 5 100 V FIGURE P28.61
A wire carries current I into the junction shown in FIGURE EX29.13. What is the magnetic field at the dot? Identical wires d FIGURE EX29.13
The earths magnetic dipole moment is 8.0 10 22 A m 2 . a. What is the magnetic field strength on the surface of the earth at the earths north magnetic pole? How does this compare to the value in...
An electron moves in the magnetic field B = 0.50 i T with a speed of 1.0 10 7 m/s in the directions shown in FIGURE EX29.27.For each, what is magnetic force F on the electron? Give your answers in...
Is the magnetic field strength in FIGURE Q30.9 increasing, decreasing, or steady? Explain. Induced E FIGURE Q30.9
The switch in FIGURE P30.77 has been open for a long time. It is closed at t = 0 s. a. After the switch has been closed for a long time, what is the current in the circuit? Call this current I 0 .b....
FIGURE P33.56 shows the light intensity on a screen behind a single slit. The slit width is 0.20 mm and the screen is 1.5 m behind the slit. What is the wavelength (in nm) of the light? Intensity Tx...
FIGURE P33.36 shows the light intensity on a screen behind a double slit. The slit spacing is 0.20 mm and the screen is 2.0 m behind the slits. What is the wavelength (in nm) of the light? Intensity...
Moving mirror M 2 of a Michelson interferometer a distance of 100 mm causes 500 bright-dark-bright fringe shifts. What is the wavelength of the light?
Two 50@mm@wide slits spaced 0.25 mm apart are illuminated by blue laser light with a wavelength of 450 nm. The interference pattern is observed on a screen 2.0 m behind the slits. How many bright...
Narrow, bright fringes are observed on a screen behind a diffraction grating. The entire experiment is then immersed in water. Do the fringes on the screen get closer together, get farther apart,...
Consider the parallel RLC circuit shown in FIGURE CP32.72. a. Show that the current drawn from the emf is b. What is I in the limits ?? 0 and ?? ???c. Find the frequency for which I is a minimum.d....
A motor attached to a 120 V/60 Hz power line draws an 8.0 A current. Its average energy dissipation is 800 W. a. What is the power factor? b. What is the rms resistor voltage? c. What is the motors...
In FIGURE P32.54, what is the current supplied by the emf when (a) The frequency is very small (b) The frequency is very large? 50 0 100 N 10 V rms : 20 F 50 mH FIGURE P32.54
FIGURE Q32.1 shows emf phasors a, b, and c. a. For each, what is the instantaneous value of the emf?b. At this instant, is the magnitude of each emf increasing, decreasing, or holding constant? 100 V...
The electric field of a 450 MHz radio wave has a maximum rate of change of 4.5 10 11 (V/m)/s. What is the waves magnetic field amplitude?
What is the electric field amplitude of an electromagnetic wave whose magnetic field amplitude is 2.0 mT?
At what distance from a 10 W point source of electromagnetic waves is the magnetic field amplitude 1.0 T?
Unpolarized light with intensity 350 W/m 2 passes first through a polarizing filter with its axis vertical, then through a second polarizing filter. It emerges from the second filter with intensity...
What electric field strength and direction will allow the proton in FIGURE P31.30 to pass through this region of space without being deflected? B= 0.010 T- v = 2.0 x 107 m/s FIGURE P31.30 +
A series RL circuit is built with a 110 resistor and a 5.0-cm long, 1.0-cm-diameter solenoid with 800 turns of wire. What is the peak magnetic flux through the solenoid if the circuit is driven by a...
The intensity of an electromagnetic wave is 10 W/m 2 . What will the intensity be if: a. The amplitude of the electric field is doubled? b. The amplitude of the magnetic field is doubled? c. The...
A laser beam in air is incident on a liquid at an angle of 53 with respect to the normal. The laser beams angle in the liquid is 35. What is the liquids index of refraction?
Find the focal length of the planoconvex polystyrene plastic lens in FIGURE EX34.26. 40 cm Planoconvex lens FIGURE EX34.26
A 60-kg ice skater is standing on ice with ice skates (negligible friction). She is holding a flexible hose (essentially weightless) that directs a 2-cm-diameter stream of water horizontally parallel...
A room in the lower level of a cruise ship has a 30-cm-diameter circular window. If the midpoint of the window is 4 m below the water surface, determine the hydrostatic force acting on the window,...
The two sides of a V-shaped water trough are hinged to each other at the bottom where they meet, as shown in Fig. P11??25, making an angle of 45? with the ground from both sides. Each side is 0.75 m...
A toroidal core has a square cross section, 2.5 cm < < 3.5 cm, 0.5 cm < z < 0.5 cm. The upper half of the toroid, 0 < z < 0.5 cm, is constructed of a linear material for which r = 10, while the...
How is the hydrodynamic entry length defined for flow in a pipe? Is the entry length longer in laminar or turbulent flow?
The velocity profile for the fully developed laminar flow of a Newtonian fluid between two large parallel plates is given by where 2h is the distance between the two plates, u 0 is the velocity at...
A stent is used to prop up a clogged artery to allow blood to pass through it. But stents can also be loaded with drugs to facilitate the timed release of the drug into the body, especially if the...
A standardized biological microscope has an 8.0-mm-focal-length objective. What focal-length eyepiece should be used to achieve a total magnification of 100?
In FIGURE P35.26, parallel rays from the left are focused to a point at two locations on the optical axis. Find the position of each location, giving your answer as a distance left or right of the...
A 100-m-long train is heading for an 80-m-long tunnel. If the train moves sufficiently fast, is it possible, according to experimenters on the ground, for the entire train to be inside the tunnel at...
At what speed, as a fraction of c, is a particles momentum twice its Newtonian value?
A red laser with a wavelength of 650 nm and a blue laser with a wavelength of 450 nm emit laser beams with the same light power. How do their rates of photon emission compare? Answer this by...
A 1.5-m-wavelength laser pulse is transmitted through a 2.0-GHz-bandwidth optical fiber. How many oscillations are in the shortest-duration laser pulse that can travel through the fiber?
The electrons in a rigid box emit photons of wavelength 1484 nm during the 3 2 transition. a. What kind of photons are theyinfrared, visible, or ultraviolet? b. How long is the box in which the...
FIGURE EX40.4 shows the wave function of an electron in a rigid box. The electron energy is 12.0 eV. What is the energy, in eV, of the next higher state? (x) FIGURE EX40.4
An electron in a finite potential well has a 1.0 nm penetration distance into the classically forbidden region. How far below U 0 is the electrons energy?
What is the probability that an electron will tunnel through a 0.45 nm gap from a metal to a STM probe if the work function is 4.0 eV?
A lossless line having an air dielectric has a characteristic impedance of 400. The line is operating at 200 MHz and Z in = 200 j200 . Use analytic methods or the Smith chart (or both) to find (a)...
A spherical drug capsule dispenses Dicyclomine (an irritable bowel syndrome drug) to the bodys gastrointestinal tract over time. Initially, 2.00 mg of Dicyclomine (mAo) is loaded into the...
At highway speeds, about half of the power generated by the cars engine is used to overcome aerodynamic drag, and thus the fuel consumption is nearly proportional to the drag force on a level road....
Often aerobatic fermentations give off CO 2 gas because the respiring cells produce CO 2 as glucose nutrient is converted to chemical energy. The conditions used to set k L a for O 2 transfer in the...
In a production facility, 3-cm-thick large brass plates (k = 110 W/m·K, Ï = 8530 kg/m 3 , c p = 380 J/kg·K, and α = 33.9 à 10 -6 m 2 /s) that are initially at...
A thermocouple, with a spherical junction diameter of 0.5 mm, is used for measuring the temperature of hot air flow in a circular duct. The convection heat transfer coefficient of the air flow can be...
A typical section of a building wall is shown in Fig. P17126. This section extends in and out of the page and is repeated in the vertical direction. The wall support members are made of steel (k = 50...
An average person generates heat at a rate of 84 W while resting. Assuming one-quarter of this heat is lost from the head and disregarding radiation, determine the average surface temperature of the...
A 15 mm 15 mm silicon chip is mounted such that the edges are flush in a substrate. The chip dissipates 1.4 W of power uniformly, while air at 20C (1 atm) with a velocity of 25 m/s is used to cool...
A typical section of a building wall is shown in Fig. P1758. This section extends in and out of the page and is repeated in the vertical direction. The wall support members are made of steel (k = 50...
A small aircraft has a wing area of 35 m 2 , a lift coefficient of 0.45 at takeoff settings, and a total mass of 4000 kg. Determine (a) The takeoff speed of this aircraft at sea level at standard...
Hot water at 90°C enters a 15-m section of a cast iron pipe (k = 52 W/mK) whose inner and outer diameters are 4 and 4.6 cm, respectively, at an average velocity of 1.2 m/s. The outer surface of...
Consider a 4-m 4-m 4-m cubical furnace whose floor and ceiling are black and whose side surfaces are reradiating. The floor and the ceiling of the furnace are maintained at temperatures of 550 K...
The two concentric spheres of diameters D i = 20 cm and D o = 30 cm are separated by air at 1 atm pressure. The surface temperatures of the two spheres enclosing the air are T i = 320 K and T o = 280...
A 1.5-m-diameter, 4-m-long cylindrical propane tank is initially filled with liquid propane, whose density is 581 kg/m 3 . The tank is exposed to the ambient air at 25°C in calm weather. The...
Consider a 1.2-m-high and 2-m-wide glass window with a thickness of 6 mm, thermal conductivity k = 0.78 W/m·K, and emissivity ε = 0.9. The room and the walls that face the window...
A circular ceramic plate that can be modeled as a blackbody is being heated by an electrical heater. The plate is 30 cm in diameter and is situated in a surrounding ambient temperature of 15°C...
A single pass heat exchanger is to be designed to heat 100,000 lbm of water in an hour from 60F to 100F by condensation of water vapor at 230F on the shell side. Each tube has an inner diameter of...
Hot water enters a double-pipe counter-flow waterto-oil heat exchanger at 190F and leaves at 100F. Oil enters at 70F and leaves at 130F. Determine which fluid has the smaller heat capacity rate and...
Hot water (c ph = 4188 J/kgK) with mass flow rate of 2.5 kg/s at 100C enters a thin-walled concentric tube counter-flow heat exchanger with a surface area of 23 m 2 and an overall heat transfer...
Reconsider Prob. 2287. Using an appropriate software, investigate the effects of the inlet temperature of hot water and the heat transfer coefficient on the rate of heat transfer and the surface...
A cross-flow heat exchanger with both fluids unmixed has an overall heat transfer coefficient of 200 W/m 2 K, and a heat transfer surface area of 400 m 2 . The hot fluid has a heat capacity of 40,000...
Steam is to be condensed on the shell side of a 1-shell-pass and 8-tube-passes condenser, with 50 tubes in each pass, at 30°C (h fg = 2431 kJ/kg). Cooling water (c p = 4180 J/kg·K) enters...
A single-pass cross-flow heat exchanger uses hot air (mixed) to heat water (unmixed), flowing with a mass flow rate of 3 kg/s, from 30°C to 80°C. The hot air enters and exits the heat...
Which of the following reactions are allowed, and which are forbidden, by the conservation laws appropriate to weak interactions? (a) + p + + n, (b) e + p e + + + p, (c) + e + e , (d) ...
Assuming the BetheBloch formula is valid for low energies, show that the rate of ionisation has a maximum (the Bragg peak) and find the kinetic energy of protons in iron for which this maximum would...
Show that the scattering variable defined by (8.28) reduces to (8.30) in the rest frame of the proton. Hence show that the scaling variable (8.29) lies in the range 0 x 1 if the lepton masses are...
Would you expect the widths of three chi states listed in Table 6.14 to be bigger, smaller or about the same as the widths of the J/Ï(3097) and Ï(3686)? Check your answer with the...
Three particles, labelled 1, 2, 3, are produced in a given experiment at a fixed centre-of-mass energy. If show that the sum of the squared invariant masses is m,3 (, + E,)* - (. + ), ; 3 m,c+ m, ' +...
Show that the total decay rates for the reactions K 0 e + e and K 0 e e are equal if CP is conserved.
Draw the dominant lowest-order diagrams for the double Higgs boson production reaction e + e H 0 H 0 Z 0 at a total centre-of mass energy of 500 GeV.
By decomposing the Ï 0 Ï 0 state into components of definite isospin I, using the methods given in Appendix C, it can be shown that where the phase factors are due to the strong interaction...
Which of the following six decays are allowed in lowest-order weak interactions? (a) K + + + + + e + e , (b) K + + + e + e , (c) 0 + e + + e , (d) 0 + e + v e , (e) 0 p + + ...
How many watts of power do you expend when you exert a force of 6 N that moves a book 2 m in a time interval of 3 s?
Complete the calculation of the mass of Earth as outlined in Section 2.7.
A friend says that astronauts inside the International Space Station (ISS) are weightless because theyre beyond the pull of Earths gravity. Correct your friends reasoning.
Make a small hole near the bottom of an open tin can. Fill the can with water, which then proceeds to spurt from the hole. If you cover the top of the can firmly with the palm of your hand, the flow...