Somebody proposes the following system to cool a house in the summer: Compress the regular outdoor air, let it cool back to the outdoor temperature, pass it through a turbine, and discharge the cold...

Air enters a nozzle steadily at 280 kPa and 77C with a velocity of 50 m/s and exits at 85 kPa and 320 m/s. The heat losses from the nozzle to the surrounding medium at 20C are estimated to be 3.2...

A 1.2-mm-diameter tube is inserted into an unknown liquid whose density is 960 kg/m 3 , and it is observed that the liquid rises 5 mm in the tube, making a contact angle of 15. Determine the surface...

In the circuit of Fig. 6.55, determine the cor-rect value ofRxso that the output voltage is zero when the input voltage is zero. Assume a nonzero input bias current, but zero input offset current and...

(a) Calculate the random input offset voltage for the op amp in Fig. 6.16. Assume the matching is perfect except thatV t3 V t4 = 10mV. Also assume that all transistors have equal W/Land operate in...

Blocks a, b, and c in FIGURE Q14.7 have the same density. Rank in order, from largest to smallest, the sizes of the buoyant forces F a , F b , and F c on a, b, and c. Explain. 50 g 40 g 50 g

Gas flows through the pipe of FIGURE Q14.10. You cant see into the pipe to know how the inner diameter changes. Rank in order, from largest to smallest, the gas speeds v a , v b , and v c at points...

Design a CMOS op amp based on the folded-cascode architecture of Fig. 6.28 using supply voltages of ± 1.5 V. Use the bias circuit of Fig. 4.42 (with M 3 and M 4 cascoded) to generate the bias...

For the folded-active-cascode op amp in Fig. 6.30, choose the device sizes to give a peak-peak output swing of at least 2.5 V. Use the 0.4 μm CMOS model parameters in Table 2.4 except...

The container shown in FIGURE EX14.12 is filled with oil. It is open to the atmosphere on the left. a. What is the pressure at point A? b. What is the pressure difference between points A and B?...

(a) Figure 6.60a shows a folded version of the op amp in Fig. 6.15. A differential inter stage level-shifting network composed of voltage sources V has been inserted between the first and second...

Fig. 6.61 shows an alternate scheme for biasing the NE5234 output stage . Ignoring all base currents, find |I C74 | I C75 . Use Fig. 6.42 for the relative emitter areas of all the transistors except...

How far must a 2.0-cm-diameter piston be pushed down into one cylinder of a hydraulic lift to raise an 8.0-cm-diameter piston by 20 cm?

Calculate the low-frequency PSRR from the Vdd andVss power supplies for the common-source amplifier shown in Fig. 6.57. Assume the transistor is biased in the active region. Figure 6.57 VDD + Vdd ER...

The bottom of a steel boat is a 5.0 m 10 m 2.0 cm piece of steel ( steel = 7900 kg/m 3 ). The sides are made of 0.50-cm thick steel. What minimum height must the sides have for this boat to float...

Air flows through the tube shown in FIGURE P14.67. Assume that air is an ideal fluid. a. What are the air speeds v 1 and v 2 at points 1 and 2? b. What is the volume flow rate? 2.0 mm 2. 1.0 cm Air...

Air flows through the tube shown in FIGURE P14.66 at a rate of 1200 cm 3 /s. Assume that air is an ideal fluid. What is the height h of mercury in the right side of the U-tube? 4.0 mm 2.0 cm 1200...

A hurricane wind blows across a 6.0 m 15.0 m flat roof at a speed of 130 km/h. a. Is the air pressure above the roof higher or lower than the pressure inside the house? Explain. b. What is the...

The weight of a body is usually measured by disregarding buoyancy force applied by the air. Consider a 20-cm-diameter spherical body of density 7800 kg/m 3 . What is the percentage error associated...

A 30-ton, 4-m-diameter hemispherical dome on a level surface is filled with water, as shown in Fig. P11??48. Someone claims that he can lift this dome by making use of Pascal??s law by attaching a...

A glass manometer with oil as the working fluid is connected to an air duct as shown in Fig. P12??11. Will the oil levels in the manometer be as in Fig. P12??11Ca or b? Explain. What would your...

A piezometer and a Pitot tube are tapped into a 4-cm-diameter horizontal water pipe, and the height of the water columns are measured to be 26 cm in the piezometer and 35 cm in the Pitot tube (both...

Given the spherically symmetric potential field in free space, V = V 0 e r/a , find. (a) at r = a; (b) The electric field at r = a; (c) The total charge.

A small object moves along the x-axis with acceleration a x (t) = -(0.0320 m/s 3 )(15.0 s - t). At t = 0 the object is at x = -14.0 m and has velocity v 0x = 8.00 m/s. What is the x-coordinate of the...

For the amplifier in Problem 9.1, calculate and sketch plots of gain (in decibels) and phase versus frequency (log scale) with no feedback applied. Determine the value of f that just causes...

An op amp has a low-frequency open-loop voltage gain of 100,000 and a frequency response with a single negative-real pole with magnitude 5 Hz. This amplifier is to be connected in a series-shunt...

A woman stands in the middle of a perfectly smooth, frictionless, frozen lake. She can set herself in motion by throwing things, but suppose she has nothing to throw. Can she propel herself to shore...

An egg is released from rest from the roof of a building and falls to the ground. Its fall is observed by a student on the roof of the building, who uses coordinates with origin at the roof, and by a...

The BiCMOS amplifier of Fig. 3.78 is to be used as a low-noise transimpedance amplifier. The input is fed from a current source with a shunt source capacitance of C S = 1 pF. Assuming that C S and C...

The ac schematic of an amplifier is shown in Fig. 11.49. The circuit is fed from a current source i S and data are as follows: R S =1 k ¦ R L = 10 k ¦ I C = 1 mA β = 50 r b...

The CMOS circuit of Fig. 9.56 is to be used as a high-slew-rate op amp. A load capacitance of C L = 10 pF is connected from V o to ground. Supply voltages are ± 5 V and I 1 = 20 µA....

You swing a ball on the end of a lightweight string in a horizontal circle at constant speed. Can the string ever be truly horizontal? If not, would it slope above the horizontal or below the...

An analog source has an output described by the probability density function The output of the source is quantized into 10 messages using the eleven quantizing levels x i = 0.1k, k = 0,1,.....,10 The...

Find z = E b / N 0 required to give P E = 10 -5 for the following coherent digital modulation techniques: (a) binary ASK; (b) BPSK; (c) binary FSK; (d) BPSK with no carrier component but with a phase...

Given the three signals (a) Sketch each one and show that each has energy of A 2 T. (b) Show that R 12 , = 0 for each of the combinations (A, B), (B, C), and (A, C). What is the optimum threshold for...

As an approximation to the integrate-and-dump detector in Figure 9.3(a), we replace the integrator with a low pass RC filter with frequency response function where f 3 is the 3-dB cut off frequency...

When a tall, heavy refrigerator is pushed across a rough floor, what factors determine whether it slides or tips?

Repeat Prob. 4109 for isobutane. Liquid propane is commonly used as a fuel for heating homes, powering vehicles such as forklifts, and filling portable picnic tanks. Consider a propane tank that...

A thin 30-cm à 30-cm flat plate is pulled at 3 m/s horizontally through a 3.6-mm-thick oil layer sandwiched between two plates, one stationary and the other moving at a constant velocity of...

A rotating viscometer consists of two concentric cylindersan inner cylinder of radius R i rotating at angular velocity (rotation rate) Ï i , and a stationary outer cylinder of inside radius R o...

FIGURE Q14.4 shows two rectangular tanks, A and B, full of water. They have equal depths and equal thicknesses (the dimension into the page) but different widths. a. Compare the forces the water...

An elastic air balloon having a diameter of 30 cm is attached to the base of a container partially filled with water at + 4C, as shown in Fig. P11??43. If the pressure of the air above the water is...

A 3-m-high large tank is initially filled with water. The tank water surface is open to the atmosphere, and a sharp-edged 10-cm-diameter orifice at the bottom drains to the atmosphere through a...

If you stop a spinning raw egg for the shortest possible instant and then release it, the egg will start spinning again. If you do the same to a hard-boiled egg, it will remain stopped. Try it....

A model car starts from rest and travels in a straight line. A smartphone mounted on the car has an app that transmits the magnitude of the cars acceleration (measured by an accelerometer) every...

In Section 11.2 we always assumed that the value of g was the same at all points on the body. This is not a good approximation if the dimensions of the body are great enough, because the value of g...

A thin, light string is wrapped around the outer rim of a uniform hollow cylinder of mass 4.75 kg having inner and outer radii as shown in Fig. 10.25. The cylinder is then released from rest. (a) How...

A 1.0-m-tall vertical tube is filled with 20C water. A tuning fork vibrating at 580 Hz is held just over the top of the tube as the water is slowly drained from the bottom. At what water heights,...

5.0 g of nitrogen gas at 20C and an initial pressure of 3.0 atm undergo an isobaric expansion until the volume has tripled. a. What are the gas volume and temperature after the expansion? b. How much...

Two cars collide head-on while each is traveling at 80 km/h. Suppose all their kinetic energy is transformed into the thermal energy of the wrecks. What is the temperature increase of each car? You...

A gas cylinder holds 0.10 mol of O 2 at 150C and a pressure of 3.0 atm. The gas expands adiabatically until the pressure is halved. What are the final (a) Volume (b) Temperature?

An ideal-gas process is described by p = cV 1/2 , where c is a constant. a. Find an expression for the work done on the gas in this process as the volume changes from V 1 to V 2 . b. 0.033 mol of gas...

A small rock is thrown vertically upward with a speed of 22.0 m/s from the edge of the roof of a 30.0-m-tall building. The rock doesnt hit the building on its way back down and lands on the street...

An 8.00-kg box sits on a level floor. You give the box a sharp push and find that it travels 8.22 m in 2.8 s before coming to rest again. (a) You measure that with a different push the box traveled...

Explain why it would not make sense to use a full-size glass thermometer to measure the temperature of a thimbleful of hot water.

If you heat the air inside a rigid, sealed container until its Kelvin temperature doubles, the air pressure in the container will also double. Is the same thing true if you double the Celsius...

Two bodies made of the same material have the same external dimensions and appearance, but one is solid and the other is hollow. When their temperature is increased, is the overall volume expansion...

The inside of an oven is at a temperature of 200C (392F). You can put your hand in the oven without injury as long as you dont touch anything. But since the air inside the oven is also at 200C, why...

A newspaper article about the weather states that the temperature of a body measures how much heat the body contains. Is this description correct? Why or why not?

In some household air conditioners used in dry climates, air is cooled by blowing it through a water-soaked filter, evaporating some of the water. How does this cool the air? Would such a system work...

If you are told the initial and final states of a system and the associated change in internal energy, can you determine whether the internal energy change was due to work or to heat transfer?...

How can the thermal conduction of heat from a hot object to a cold object increase entropy when the same amount of heat that flows out of the hot object flows into the cold one?

(See Exercise 21.21.) (a) Calculate the electric potential energy of the adeninethymine bond, using the same combinations of molecules (O-H-N and N-H-N) as in Exercise 21.21. (b) Compare this energy...

Charge Q = +4.00 C is distributed uniformly over the volume of an insulating sphere that has radius R = 5.00 cm. What is the potential difference between the center of the sphere and the surface of...

In the circuit shown in Fig. P26.64, ε = 24.0 V, R 1 = 6.00 Ω, R 3 = 12.0 Ω, and R 2 can vary between 3.00 Ω and 24.0 Ω. For what value of...

The amount of meat in prehistoric diets can be determined by measuring the ratio of the isotopes 15 N to 14 N in bone from human remains. Carnivores concentrate 15 N, so this ratio tells...

Which of following elements is a candidate for MRI? (a) 12 C 6 ; (b) 16 O 8 ; (c) 40 Ca 20 ; (d) 31 P 15 . Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful imaging method that, unlike x-ray imaging,...

Two closed loops A and C are close to a long wire carrying a current I (Fig. E29.17). (a) Find the direction (clockwise or counterclockwise) of the current induced in each loop if I is steadily...

A toroidal solenoid has mean radius 12.0 cm and crosssectional area 0.600 cm 2 . (a) How many turns does the solenoid have if its inductance is 0.100 mH? (b) What is the resistance of the solenoid if...

Medical x rays are taken with electromagnetic waves having a wavelength of around 0.10 nm in air. What are the frequency, period, and wave number of such waves?

The signal from the oscillating electrode is fed into an amplifier, which reports the measured voltage as an rms value, 1.5 nV. What is the potential difference between the two extremes? (a) 1.5 nV;...

Light is incident in air at an angle ua (Fig. P33.54) on the upper surface of a transparent plate, the surfaces of the plate being plane and parallel to each other. (a) Prove that θ a =...

Why is visible light, which has much longer wavelengths than x rays do, used for Bragg reflection experiments on colloidal crystals? (a) The microspheres are suspended in a liquid, and it is more...

Water flows steadily through the horizontal 30° pipe bend shown below. At station 1, the diameter is 0.3 m, the velocity is 12 m/s, and the pressure is 128 kPa gage. At station 2, the diameter is...

An open tank car as shown travels to the right at a uniform velocity of 4.5 m/s. At the instant shown the car passes under a jet of water issuing from a stationary 0.1-m-diameter pipe with a velocity...

During the flow of 200 ft 3 /s of water through the hydraulic turbine shown, the pressure indicated by gage A is 12 psig. What should gage B read if the turbine is delivering 600 hp at 82%...

The pressurized tank shown has a circular cross section of 6 ft in diameter. Oil is drained through a nozzle 2 in. in diameter in the side of the tank. Assuming that the air pressure is maintained...

Water flows steadily up the vertical pipe and is then deflected to flow outward with a uniform radial velocity. If friction is neglected, what is the flow rate of water through the pipe if the...

The tank in the previous problem feeds two lines, a 4-cm pipe that exits 10 m below the water level in the tank and a second line, also 4 cm in diameter runs from the tank to a station 20 m below the...

Rework Problem 6.28 with the assumption that the momentum of the incoming air at section (1) is zero. Determine the exit velocity, v, and the magnitude of the pressure drop at section (1). Data From...

In using the von Kármán approximate method for analyzing the turbulent boundary layer over a flat plate, the following velocity and concentration profiles were assumed:...

Two immiscible fluids of different density and viscosity are flowing between two parallel plates. Express the boundary conditions at the interface between the two fluids.

Determine the velocity profile for fluid flowing between two parallel plates separated by a distance 2h. The pressure drop is constant.

A viscous film drains uniformly down the side of a vertical rod of radius R. At some distance down the rod, the film approaches a terminal or fully developed flow such that the film thickness, h, is...

In an in-compressible flow, the volume of the fluid is constant. Using the continuity equation, v = 0, show that the fluid volume change is zero.

For flow at very low speeds and with large viscosity (the so-called creeping flows) such as occur in lubrication, it is possible to delete the inertia terms, Dv/Dt from the Navier- Stokes equation....

For the stream function given by = 6x 2 - 6y 2 determine whether this flow is rotational or irrotational.

In polar coordinates, the continuity equation for steady in-compressible flow becomes Derive equations (10-10), using this relation. 1 dve = 0 r 0 : (rv,) + - r r 1 Ur V r 0 r

A small droplet of liquid detergent, falling through air in a spray drying tower, has its diameter reduced as water evaporates from the surface. If it is assumed that the temperature of the liquid...

The mass M of drops formed by liquid discharging by gravity from a vertical tube is a function of the tube diameter D, liquid density, surface tension, and the acceleration of gravity. Determine the...

For the fully developed flow of water in a smooth 0.15-m pipe at a rate of 0.006 m 3 /s, determine the thickness of a. The laminar sub layer b. The buffer layer c. The turbulent core

Oil having a kinematic viscosity of 6.7 10 -6 m 2 /s and density of 801 kg/m 3 is pumped through a pipe of 0.71 m diameter at an average velocity of 1.1 m/s. The roughness of the pipe is equivalent...

A 2.20-m diameter pipe carries water at 15C. The head loss due to friction is 0.500 m per 300 m of pipe. Determine the volumetric flow rate of the water leaving the pipe.

A 1-in.-nominal-diameter steel pipe with its outside surface at 400F is located in air at 90F with the convective heat-transfer coefficient between the surface of the pipe and the air equal to 1.5...

Show that equation (16-10) reduces to the form DT V kVT + + A = pcy- +vV?v Dt

Heat is generated in a cylindrical fuel rod in a nuclear reactor according to the relationship where qÌ is the volumetric heat generation rate, kW/m 3 , and r o is the outside cylinder radius....

The steady-state expression for heat conduction through a plane wall is q =(kA/L) ÎT as given by equation (17-4). For steady-state heat conduction through a hollow cylinder, an expression...

Evaluate the appropriate mean area for steady-state heat conduction in a hollow sphere that satisfies an equation of the form Repeat part (b) of Problem 17.2 for the spherical case. Data From Problem...

It is desired to transport liquid metal through a pipe embedded in a wall at a point where the temperature is 650 K. A 1.2-m-thick wall constructed of a material having a thermal conductivity varying...

A furnace wall is to be designed to transmit a maximum heat flux of 200 Btu/h ft 2 of wall area. The inside and outside wall temperatures are to be 2000F and 300F, respectively. Determine the most...