All Matches
Solution Library
Expert Answer
Textbooks
Search Textbook questions, tutors and Books
Oops, something went wrong!
Change your search query and then try again
Toggle navigation
FREE Trial
S
Books
FREE
Tutors
Study Help
Expert Questions
Accounting
General Management
Mathematics
Finance
Organizational Behaviour
Law
Physics
Operating System
Management Leadership
Sociology
Programming
Marketing
Database
Computer Network
Economics
Textbooks Solutions
Accounting
Managerial Accounting
Management Leadership
Cost Accounting
Statistics
Business Law
Corporate Finance
Finance
Economics
Auditing
Ask a Question
Search
Search
Sign In
Register
study help
mathematics
statistics
Questions and Answers of
Statistics
1. No vampire movies are films without blood.2. All governments that bargain with terrorists are governments that encourage terrorism.3. Some symphony orchestras are organizations on the brink of
Change the quality but not the quantity of the following categorical propositions:1. All drunk drivers are threats to others on the highway.2. No wildlife refuges are locations suitable for
Change the quantity but not the quality of the following categorical propositions:1. All owners of pit bull terriers are people who can expect expensive lawsuits.2. No tax proposals that favor the
Change both the quality and the quantity of the following categorical propositions:1. All oil spills are events catastrophic to the environment.2. No alcoholics are people with a healthy diet.3. Some
1. No life decisions are happenings based solely on logic.2. All electric motors are machines that depend on magnetism.3. Some political campaigns are mere attempts to discredit opponents.4. Some
1. No sculptures by Rodin are boring creations. Therefore, all sculptures by Rodin are boring creations.2. It is false that some lunar craters are volcanic formations. Therefore, no lunar craters are
1. All neutron stars are things that produce intense gravity. All neutron stars are extremely dense objects. Therefore, all extremely dense objects are things that produce intense gravity.2. No
1. Some nebulas are clouds of gas.Some clouds of gas are objects invisible to the naked eye.Therefore, some objects invisible to the naked eye are nebulas.2. No individuals sensitive to the
Answer "true" or "false" to the following statements: 1. If a standard-form categorical syllogism violates one of the first four rules, it may still be valid. 2. If a valid standard-form syllogism
1. Some intelligible statements are true statements, because all unintelligible statements are meaningless statements and some false statements are meaningful statements.2. Some people who do not
1. No objects that sink in water are chunks of ice, and no objects that float in water are things at least as dense as water. Accordingly, all chunks of ice are things less dense than water.2. Some
1. Physicists are the only scientists who theorize about the nature of time, and Stephen Hawking certainly does that. Therefore, Stephen Hawking must be a physicist.2. Whenever suicide rates decline,
1. Wherever icebergs are present, threats to shipping exist. Icebergs are not present in the South Pacific. Hence, there are no threats to shipping in the South Pacific.2. According to surveys, there
1. Any city that has excellent art museums is a tourist destination. Therefore, Paris is a tourist destination, because it has excellent art museums.2. Miranda Lambert sings what she wants. Hence,
1. Some police chiefs undermine the evenhanded enforcement of the law, because anyone who fixes parking tickets does that.2. Any form of cheating deserves to be punished, and plagiarism is a form
Translate the enthymemes in Part I of this exercise into standard-form categorical syllogisms and test them for validity.1. Some police chiefs undermine the evenhanded enforcement of the law,
1. No Republicans are Democrats, so no Republicans are big spenders, since all big spenders are Democrats.2. Some latchkey children are not kids who can stay out of trouble, for some youngsters prone
1. If the Defense Department is so intent on fighting alcohol abuse, why does it make alcohol so readily available and acceptable? Alcohol is tax free at post liquor stores, and enlisted men's and
1. The Constitution bans any law that is so vague that "men of common intelligence must necessarily guess at its meaning." Sexual harassment laws, however, are so vague that no one knows what they
Translate the arguments in the following dialogue into standard-form categorical syllogisms. The dialogue contains more than twenty arguments, and most are expressed in the form of enthymemes. The
Rewrite the following sorites in standard form, reducing the number of terms when necessary. Then supply the intermediate conclusions and test with Venn diagrams.1. No B are C.Some D are C.All A are
For the sorites in Part I above, rewrite each in standard form, reducing the number of terms when necessary. Then use the five rules for sorites to test each for validity.1. No B are C.Some D are
1. Whatever produces oxygen supports human life.Rain forests produce oxygen.Nothing that supports human life should be destroyed.Rain forests should not be destroyed.2. No restrictive trade policies
1. No ducks waltz.No officers ever decline to waltz.All my poultry are ducks.My poultry are not officers.2. No experienced person is incompetent.Jenkins is always blundering.No competent person is
Reconstruct the syllogistic forms from the following combinations of mood and figure:1. OAE-32. EIA-43. AII-34. IAE-15. AOO-26. EAO-47. AAA-18. EAO-29. OEI-310. OEA-4
Construct the following syllogisms.1. An EIO-2 syllogism with these terms-major-dogmatists; minor- theologians; middle-scholars who encourage freethinking.2. An unconditionally valid syllogism in the
Answer "true" or "false" to the following statements: 1. Every syllogism is a categorical syllogism. 2. Some categorical syllogisms cannot be put into standard form. 3. The statements in a
1. All corporations that overcharge their customers are unethical businesses.Some unethical businesses are investor-owned utilities.Therefore, some investor-owned utilities are corporations that
1. All circular triangles are plane figures. All circular triangles are three-sided figures. Therefore, some three-sided figures are plane figures. 2. All supernovas are objects that emit massive
1. All currently living dinosaurs are giant reptiles. All giant reptiles are ectothermic animals. Therefore, some ectothermic animals are currently living dinosaurs. 2. All survivalists are people
1. All impulse buyers are consumers with credit cards.All shopaholics are impulse buyers.Therefore, all shopaholics are consumers with credit cards.2. No pediatricians are individuals who jeopardize
1. No P are M.All S are M.2. Some P are not M.Some M are S.3. Some M are P.All S are M.4. Some M are not P.All M are S.5. Some P are M.All M are S.Use Venn diagrams to obtain the conclusion that is
1. No P are M.All S are M.2. Some P are not M.Some M are S.3. Some M are P.All S are M.4. Some M are not P.All M are S.5. Some P are M.All M are S.Use Venn diagrams to obtain the conclusion that is
1. No M are P.Some S are not M.2. All M are P.All S are M.3. All P are M.All S are M.4. No P are M.Some M are S.5. No P are M.No M are S.Use Venn diagrams to obtain the conclusion that is validly
Answer "true" or "false" to the following statements: 1. In the use of Venn diagrams to test the validity of syllogisms, marks are sometimes entered in the diagram for the conclusion. 2. When an X is
Reconstruct the following syllogistic forms and use the five rules for syllogisms to determine if they are valid from the Boolean standpoint, conditionally valid from the Aristotelian standpoint, or
1. Cartier does not make cheap watches. 2. Arizona has a national park but Nebraska does not. 3. Either Stanford or Tulane has an architecture school. 4. Both Harvard and Baylor have medical
1. Renowned economist Harold Carlson makes the following prediction: "The balance of payments will decrease if and only if interest rates remain steady; however, it is not the case that either
1. If national elections deteriorate into TV popularity contests, then smooth-talking morons will get elected. Therefore, if national elections do not deteriorate into TV popularity contests, then
Determine whether the following symbolized arguments are valid or invalid by constructing a truth table for each.1. K ⊃ ∼ K / ∼K2. R ⊃ R / R3. P
When possible, compute the truth values of the simple components in the following compound propositions. If no truth value can be computed, write a question mark (?) under the letter or letters with
Use indirect truth tables to determine whether the following arguments are valid or invalid.1. B ⊃ C∼ C∼B2. ∼E ∨ F∼E∼F3. P ⊃ (Q ∙
Use indirect truth tables to determine whether the following groups of statements are consistent or inconsistent.1. . K ≡ (R ∨ M)K ∙ ∼ RM ⊃ ∼ K2.3.4.5.
Interpret the following symbolized arguments in light of the eight argument forms presented in this section. In some cases a symbolized argument must be rewritten using commutativity or double
1. A Boeing 757 crashed into the Pentagon on 9/11 only if two giant engines were found outside the building. It is not the case that two giant engines were found outside the building. Therefore, a
If Melinda spends the night studying, she will miss the party; but if she does not spend the night studying, she will fail the test tomorrow. Melinda must either spend the night studying or not
If we prosecute suspected terrorists, then we risk retaliation by other terrorists; but if we release them, then we encourage terrorism. Since we must either prosecute or release suspected
If we build our home in the valley, it will be struck by floods; and if we build it on the hilltop, it will be hit by lightning. Since we must either build it in the valley or on the hilltop, our
If psychotherapists respect their clients' right to confidentiality, then they will not report child abusers to the authorities; but if they have any concern for the welfare of children, then they
If corporations are to remain competitive, then they must not spend money to neutralize their toxic waste; but if the environment is to be preserved, then corporations must spend money to neutralize
If physicians pull the plug on terminally ill patients, then they risk being charged with murder; but if they do not pull the plug, they prolong their patients' pain and suffering. Since physicians
If the Mitchells get a divorce, they will live separately in poverty; but if they stay married, they will live together in misery. Since they must either get a divorce or stay married, they will
If college students want courses that are interesting and rewarding, then they must major in liberal arts; but if they want a job when they graduate, then they must major in business. College
If merchants arrest suspected shoplifters, then they risk false imprisonment; but if they do not arrest them, they risk loss of merchandise. Merchants must either arrest or not arrest suspected
If women threatened with rape want to avoid being maimed or killed, then they must not resist their assaulter; but if they want to ensure successful prosecution of the assailant, they must resist
1. Unless we reduce the incidence of child abuse, future crime rates will increase. (R, F) 2. If pharmaceutical makers conceal test results, they are subject to substantial fines. (P, S) 3. African
1. There is a simple way to put a big dent in the national human-organ shortage: Allocate organs first to the people who have agreed to donate their own. Giving organs first to registered donors
Determine which of the following are not well-formed formulas.1. (S ∙ ∼T) ∨ (U ∙ W)2. ∼(K ∨ L) ∙ (⊃ G ∨ H)3. (E ≡
Identify the main operator in the following propositions.1. ∼(A ∨ M ) ∙ ∼ (C ⊃ E )2. (G ∙ ∼
1. It is not the case that Hitler ran the Third Reich.2. Nixon resigned the presidency and Lincoln wrote the Gettysburg Address.3. France bombed Pearl Harbor, or Lindbergh crossed the Atlantic.4.
Determine the truth values of the following symbolized statements. Let A, B, and C be true and X, Y, and Z be false. Circle your answer.1. A ∙ X2. B ∙ ∼ Y3.
When possible, determine the truth values of the following symbolized statements. Let A and B be true, Y and Z false. P and Q have unknown truth values. If the truth value of the statement cannot be
Use truth tables to determine whether the following symbolized statements are tautologous, self-contradictory, or contingent.1. N ⊃ (N ⊃ N)2.
Use truth tables to determine whether the following pairs of symbolized statements are logically equivalent, contradictory, consistent, or inconsistent. First, determine whether the pairs of
For each of the following lists of premises, derive the conclusion and supply the justification for it. There is only one possible answer for each problem.(1) 1. G ⊃ F2. ∼ F3.
In the following symbolized arguments, derive the line needed to obtain the conclusion (last line), and supply the justification for both lines.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.
Use the first thirteen rules of inference to derive the conclusions of the following symbolized arguments:1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.
1. Either health-care costs are skyrocketing and they are attributable to greedy doctors, or health-care costs are skyrocketing and they are attributable to greedy hospitals. If health-care costs are
For each of the following lists of premises, derive the indicated conclusion and complete the justification. For tautology, derive a conclusion that is simpler than the
In the following symbolized arguments, derive the line needed to obtain the conclusion (last line), and supply the justification for both lines.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.
Use the eighteen rules of inference to derive the conclusions of the following symbolized arguments.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.
1. If sports-shoe manufacturers decline to use kangaroo hides in their products, then Australian hunters will cease killing millions of kangaroos yearly. It is not the case that both Australian
Use conditional proof and the eighteen rules of inference to derive the conclusions of the following symbolized arguments. Having done so, attempt to derive the conclusions without using conditional
1. If high-tech products are exported to Russia, then domestic industries will benefit. If the Russians can effectively utilize high-tech products, then their standard of living will improve.
The following symbolized arguments are missing a premise. Write the premise needed to derive the conclusion (last line), and supply the justification for the conclusion. Try to construct the simplest
Use either indirect proof or conditional proof (or both) and the eighteen rules of inference to derive the conclusions of the following symbolized arguments. Having done so, attempt to derive the
1. If government deficits continue at their present rate and a recession sets in, then interest on the national debt will become unbearable and the government will default on its loans. If a
Use conditional proof or indirect proof and the eighteen rules of inference to establish the truth of the following tautologies.1. P ⊃ [(P ⊃ Q) ⊃ Q]2. (∼P ⊃
Use the first four rules of inference to derive the conclusions of the following symbolized arguments.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.
1. If OxyContin is addictive, then either the pharmaceutical industry has stopped making it or thousands of patients are becoming addicted to it. The pharmaceutical industry has not stopped making
For each of the following lists of premises, derive the indicated conclusion and complete the justification. In problems 4 and 8 you can add any statement you choose.(1) 1. S ∨ H2.
In the following symbolized arguments, derive the line needed to obtain the conclusion (last line), and supply the justification for both lines.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.
Use the first eight rules of inference to derive the conclusions of the following symbolized arguments:1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.
1. If topaz is harder than quartz, then it will scratch quartz and also feldspar. Topaz is harder than quartz and it is also harder than calcite. Therefore, either topaz will scratch quartz or it
For each of the following lists of premises, derive the indicated conclusion and complete the justification. For double negation, avoid the occurrence of triple tildes. Exercise 6 has two possible
1. Elaine is a chemist. (C)2. Nancy is not a sales clerk. (S)3. Neither Wordsworth nor Shelley was Irish. (I)4. Rachel is either a journalist or a newscaster. (J, N)5. Intel designs a faster chip
Use either indirect proof or conditional proof to derive the conclusions of the following symbolized arguments.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.
1. All ambassadors are wealthy. Furthermore, all Republicans are clever. Therefore, all Republican ambassadors are clever and wealthy. (A, W, R, C)2. All senators are well liked. Also, if there are
Use the counterexample method to prove that the following symbolized arguments are invalid.1.2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Use the finite universe method to prove that the following symbolized arguments are invalid.1.2.3.4.5.
1. Violinists who play well are accomplished musicians. There are some violinists in the orchestra. Therefore, some musicians are accomplished. (V, P, A, M, O)2. Pianists and harpsichordists are
1. Charmaine read Paradise Lost. (Rxy: x read y)2. Whoever reads Paradise Lost is educated. (Rxy: x reads y; Ex: x is educated)3. James is a friend of either Ellen or Connie. (Fxy: x is a friend of
Derive the conclusion of the following symbolized arguments. Use conditional proof or indirect proof as needed.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.
1. Any professional can outplay any amateur. Jones is a professional but he cannot outplay Meyers. Therefore, Meyers is not an amateur. (Px: x is a professional; Ax: x is an amateur; Oxy: x can
1. Dr. Seuss is Theodore Geisel. (s, g)2. Auguste Renoir is not Claude Monet. (r, m)3. Marilyn Monroe is Norma Jean Baker. (m, b)4. Hermann Hesse is not André Gide. (h, g) Statements involving
Derive the conclusion of the following symbolized arguments. Use conditional proof or indirect proof as needed.1.2.3.4.5.
1. Some of Jane Collier's novels are interesting. The only novel Jane Collier wrote is The Cry. Therefore, The Cry is interesting. (Nx: x is a novel; Wxy: x wrote y; Ix: x is interesting; j: Jane
Use the eighteen rules of inference to derive the conclusions of the following symbolized arguments. Do not use either conditional proof or indirect proof.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.
1. Oranges are sweet. Also, oranges are fragrant. Therefore, oranges are sweet and fragrant. (O, S, F)2. Tomatoes are vegetables. Therefore, the tomatoes in the garden are vegetables. (T, V, G)3.
Use the quantifier negation rule together with the eighteen rules of inference to derive the conclusions of the following symbolized arguments. Do not use either conditional proof or indirect
Showing 81400 - 81500
of 82267
First
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
Last