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construction cost estimating

Questions and Answers of Construction Cost Estimating

Where is the rental cost shown for equipment that is specific to an activity of work such as concrete tilt-up or structural steel?
A contractor needs a concrete pump for a project that can pump concrete a distance of at least 150 feet. The concrete placement will last six hours and involve the placement of 150 CY of concrete.
Make a list of ten pieces of equipment that might be used on a construction project and identify how each might be procured. Are they subject to ABC or costed to jobsite general conditions? Will
What type of cost information can be obtained from an equipment lease agreement?
What is the cost of a 20 FT × 20 FT × 8 FT concrete tower crane footing based on the following parameters? The process to be used is similar to the process described in Chapter 6 for quantity
What is the difference between the rigger and the operator? What labor craft is the rigger usually, and why that choice?
What portion of the tower crane estimate is based on time?
With whom should the estimator discuss the tower crane estimate before completing it?
Why would a GC choose not to own some of the major pieces of equipment discussed in this chapter?
Why are certain pieces of construction equipment included with jobsite general conditions and not attributed to specific scopes of work?
A photograph of a tower crane is included in Chapter 16. What type of tower crane is that: Horizontal jib (also known as a hammer-head) tower crane, self-erecting tower crane, or luffing tower
What work should OM estimates be done for?
Prepare an OM estimate for a system or assembly from one of our case study projects that was not resolved in this chapter, such as the Vehicle project’s metal siding and roofing scopes.
What are two purposes for developing OM estimates?
If you prepared an OM estimate for ACT for $100,000 on your own project and one of the following happens on bid day, what do you do?a. Not one subcontractor bid is received.b. One subcontractor bid
Where are the results of the OM estimates listed?
Does your answer change in Review Question 6 if it is a slow versus a busy economy, and why?Data from Review Question 6If the GC is confident, it will receive competitive subcontractor bids on items
What are three advantages of using engineered lumber over conventional dimensional lumber?
How many sheets of 5/8″ plywood wall and floor and roof sheeting are required for a two-story house (18′ high exterior walls) with a footprint of 50 feet across the north elevation, 30 feet
Since many GCs employ carpenters, why would they consider subcontracting out any of the work discussed in this chapter? There are many potential answers here.
Prepare a DFH QTO for the Vehicle case study project.
What is the purpose of a recapitulation sheet?
Assuming five craftsmen for each of the crafts in Table 10.2,(A) what would the total blended labor burden percentage markup be?(B) What would happen to that rate if you eliminated the craft with
What is a productivity factor, and what are its units?
If contractors charge a blended labor burden rate to a client and alter their craft mix as discussed in Exercise 1, what would that potentially do to their profit?
If a contractor charges the blended labor burden rate you calculated from Exercise 1.A to a client but applies it to both direct and indirect labor, how would this affect their profit?Data from
What can a wage rate check indicate?
Which craft in Table 10.2 has the highest:(A) Bare wage rate.(B) Total labor burden.(C) Percentage markup for labor burden, and/or (D) loaded wage rate?Table 10.2 Construction
What customarily happens to labor burden rates journal-entered to a jobsite after employees top $133,000 in wages paid in one calendar year? Is this ethical? How does this affect project profits? How
What is one of the best sources of information for pricing and productivity factors?
The Lee Street case study project did not include a formal finishes schedule in the contract documents, as the builder was also the developer and the finishes evolved as the building was
What type of source material is good to use for pricing OM estimates?
If subcontractor prices are received for work usually done as direct work, how should these be handled?
How can the estimator make his or her work easier when preparing OM estimates?
Why is the resilient base estimated separately from the resilient flooring?
If a GC is certain of receiving competitive subcontractor bids on bid day, why should it bother preparing OM estimates? There are several good reasons.
What is the difference between a subcontractor and a supplier? That just answering “labor” is not correct, as suppliers often fabricate materials and deliver them to the jobsite with their own
Which subcontractor connects to the other’s piping work, the site utility subcontractor or the plumbing subcontractor?
Determine an OM estimate for a 2,500-pound capacity hydraulic passenger elevator for a two-story office building. Use commonly available estimating references.
If a building has two stories of underground parking garage, five occupied floors, and a green roof with outdoor spaces for tenants, how many ‘stops’ will an elevator have?
Which costs more per stop, a hydraulic or traction elevator with the same capacity?
Why are small bore pipes and conduits not typically drawn on design drawings?
Have you ever worked on a project with an elevator? Was a down payment made before delivery? How long was the lead time? Was the cab finished per specification, or were upgrades made? Who built the
How many sprinkler heads should be estimated for a large assembly room that measures 24 feet by 42 feet?
Determine a reasonable unit price for HVAC of a two-story fire station. What kind of system is this?
Why did we total all of the floor covering OMs in Figure 14.3 together but not the scopes included in Figure 15.1?Figure 14.3Figure 15.1 Project: Carpenters Training Center Location: Kent, WA Arch:
Why should a GC estimator prepare an early ROM estimate? Why should they later refine that estimate with subcontractor OM estimates?
How does the cost of the HVAC for a fire station compare with a twostory medical office building, both in unit price and percentage of total building cost?
Envision a 10-foot square office. Look up at the ceiling. Of the MEP systems described in this chapter, what will be located in the center?
Prepare HVAC, plumbing, and electrical subcontractor OM estimates for the Lee Street case study, available on the book’s eResource.
Which is typically one of the first subcontractors to mobilize on a project site and one of the last to leave?
What building labor trades install the work described in this chapter: Elevator, HVAC, plumbing, fire protection, mechanical insulation, mechanical labeling, and electrical?
Why would a GC buy out all of the mechanical systems from one subcontractor or, conversely, separate the work out among several subcontractors? The same question applies to electrical.
Prepare an argument why a GC should partner with MEP and elevator subcontractors in preparation of a competitive bid or, conversely, why they should not partner with these companies.
Mechanical subcontractors may offer ‘balancing’ and ‘commissioning’ as extra services to be included with their scopes. Why should project owners provide these services?
The Lee Street executive townhomes did not include elevators. Assume there was space to add one and a potential buyer wanted to negotiate this high-end addition. Prepare an OM estimate for a small
What CSI division is ‘commissioning’ specified?
Other than the systems described in this chapter, what building features or equipment ‘operate’?
Elevator equipment is often located in a rooftop penthouse. What contractors will typically build the penthouse?
Arrange these electrical activities in the order that the work will be performed: Test, install conduit, pull wire, inspections, install boxes, terminate wire at device and panel, install panel,
In addition to elevators, what other systems or equipment may require a substantial down payment from the GC and, in turn, from the project owner?
Significant detail was included with the Vehicle project’s MEP design. Quantify what is available and prepare a pre-bid day GC plug estimate for one of those systems.

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