Questions and Answers of Industrial Organizational Psychology Understanding The Workplace

Know how to recruit applicants
Learn how to recruit employees and be able to use this information when applying for jobs
Understand why the traditional, unstructured interview doesn’t work
Learn how to construct a valid, structured interview
Know how to perform well when being interviewed
Learn how to write a résumé and a cover letter
Understand why references typically don’t predict performance
Learn how to use the trait approach to score letters of recommendation
Understand how to choose the right type of employment test for a particular situation
Be able to describe the diff erent types of tests used to select employees
Be able to create and score a biodata instrument
Know how to write a well-designed rejection letter
Understand how to determine the reliability of a test and the factors that aff ect test reliability
Understand the fi ve ways to validate a test
Learn how to fi nd information about tests
Understand how to determine the utility of a selection test
Be able to evaluate a test for potential legal problems
Understand how to use test scores to make personnel selection decisions
Learn about the increased use of 360-degree feedback
Know how to create a performance appraisal instrument
Know how to administer a performance appraisal system
Understand the problems associated with performance ratings
Be able to conduct a performance appraisal review
Understand how to legally terminate an unproductive employee
What problems might result from using a -degree feedback system?
Know how to conduct a training needs analysis
Be aware of the various training methods
Know how to conduct a training program
Understand the psychological theory behind successful training
Be able to evaluate the eff ectiveness of a training program
Know the types of people who tend to be more motivated than others
Learn how to motivate people through goal setting
Understand the importance of providing feedback
Be able to use operant conditioning principles to motivate employees
Understand the importance of treating employees fairly
Know the types of individual and organizational incentives that best motivate employees
What is the optimal level at which goals should be set? Why?
Understand why an employer should even care about job satisfaction and organizational commitment
Be able to identify the individual diff erences in the predisposition to be satisfi ed
Learn ways to increase employee satisfaction and commitment
Understand the methods used to measure job satisfaction
Understand why employees are absent from work and what can be done to reduce absenteeism
Understand why employees quit their jobs and what can be done to reduce turnover
Know the types of organizational communication
Understand why interpersonal communication often is not eff ective
Learn how to increase your listening eff ectiveness
Learn ways to improve your communication skills
Learn what types of people become good leaders
Understand the importance of leaders adapting their behavior to each situation
Know what skills are essential for eff ective leadership
Understand the theories of leadership
Learn how leaders use power and infl uence
Do those who seek leadership roles, those who emerge as leaders, and those who are successful leaders share similar traits?
Which of the situational theories seems to provide the best explanation for successful leadership?
Hogan identified three main reasons for unsuccessful leadership. Are there others that he did not mention?
Can effective leadership actually be taught?
How can a leader be more persuasive?
Understand what constitutes a group and a team
Learn why people join groups
Know how to increase group performance
Understand how teams operate
Be able to decide when groups perform better than individuals
Know why the team approach is not always the best
Understand the causes of confl ict
Know how to reduce confl ict
Know how and why organizations change
Understand how to increase employee acceptance of change
Understand the importance of organizational culture
Know how to handle change
Know when empowering employees is a good idea
Understand the levels of employee input
Know how to avoid layoff s
Know how to properly conduct a layoff
Understand the eff ects of layoff s on victims, survivors, the organization, and the community
Understand the eff ects of compressed work weeks, fl exible work hours, shift work, and other work schedules
What is the best work schedule?
Should employees be allowed to moonlight? Why or why not?
Learn the defi nition of stress
Be able to name common stressors
Learn the common consequences of stress (strains)
Understand the eff ects of stress on behavior
Learn ways to reduce stress
Be familiar with the importance of child-care and elder-care programs
Learn how stress can at times result in workplace violence
List the sources of stress in your own life. Ask a friend to do the same. Are there implications for defining and understanding important differences in your two lists, or are they quite similar?
Consider how the work world will be changing in the next several years. What are the implications for worker stress? Will there be more of it or less? What are some sources of technology-related
Consider the various means of assessing stress. Which seems most accurate and why?
Based on the material in the chapter, design a stress management program for use in an organization.
What are the connections between worker stress and counterproductive work behaviors? How can counterproductive work behaviors be reduced?
In what ways are influence, power, and organizational politics different? In what ways are they similar?
Consider the five power bases described by French and Raven (1959). Give examples of how a manager might use each to increase work group productivity.
Recall some instances in which you observed power used in a work or social group. Which power bases were used in each case? How effective were they in influencing others’ behavior?
What is the distinction between functional and dysfunctional political behavior? Give examples of each.
List some of the potential causes of political behaviors.
What are some benefits and drawbacks to less hierarchical organization where leadership is not always clear? What organizational characteristics might suggest a less top-down structure, such as
If you had to choose between working in a holacracy or in a more traditional bureaucratic organization, which might you choose?Why?
What is knowledge management, and would this help us with our problem?
What might be some tools that we could use to implement an effective knowledge-management system? What steps would you suggest we take to determine how best to craft this system?
What steps would we need to take to implement this major culture change in our organization?
The similar-sounding concepts of organizational change, organizational development, and organizational transformation are all discussed in the chapter. How do these three concepts differ? How are

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