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business
production and operations management

Questions and Answers of Production And Operations Management

7. Discuss the role of ERP for MRP.
6. Discuss in brief the various terms used in MRP.
5. Define MRP-II. Also, discuss its key functions and features.
4. Discuss the role of MPS in resource requirement planning.
3. Explain the scope of MRP in manufacturing organizations.
2. List out several benefits and drawbacks of MRP in manufacturing firms.
1. What do you understand by MRP? Also, discuss its major objectives.
11. Select True or False: (a) The main objective of materials requirement planning is to make sure that materials are available for production and products are available for delivery. (b) The main
10. The ERP in any company can check for : (a) Inventory (c) Calculation of BOM (b) Stock in hand (d) All of the above
9. Which aspect of MRP-I and MRP-II is being handled by ERP? (a) Handling of a variety of materials with complete flexibility (b) Managing the MIS of inventory department (c) Efficient control of all
8. The main advantage(s) of implementing ERP is/are: (a) Cycle time increases to a significant level (b) Decreased productivity (c) Reduction of lead time in receiving the materials and executing the
7. When the demand of a product varies from one time period to another, then that demand is referred to as (a) Dependent demand (c) Fluctuating demand (b) Independent demand (d) Fix demand
6. The statement about inventory that the quantities of an item that will be received in future in the given time period against the already placed orders" is related to: (a) Scheduled receipts (c)
5. Basic module(s) in an MRP-II system is/are: (a) Item master data (c) Standard costing (cost control) (b) Shop floor control (SFC) (d) All of the above
4. The statement "the quantity and schedule is always planned to produce the final product over a specific time period" is related to: (a) MRP files (b) Bill of material (BOM) (c) Master production
3. The main advantage of MRP-II is : (a) Improved working capital for inventory (b) Improved cash flow through quicker deliveries (c) Inaccurate inventory records (d) Reduced quality and quality
2. The main drawback of MRP systems is: (a) Guiding production managers to keep minimum inventory levels (b) Determination of the most economical lot sizes for orders (c) Determination of the
1. The main objective(s) of MRP system is/are: (a) To maintain the level of inventory as high as possible (b) Planning of manufacturing activities, delivery schedules and purchasing activities (c) To
3. Do you recommend the appointment of Parvez?Mr. Khurana, the CEO of Interior Furnishing Ltd., was holding a monthly meeting with the heads of the key departments to discuss the performance of the
2. Discuss the modifications suggested by Parvez. Do you think, Parvez's recommendations are practically possible to implement?Mr. Khurana, the CEO of Interior Furnishing Ltd., was holding a monthly
1. List out the shortcomings of the current MRP system.Mr. Khurana, the CEO of Interior Furnishing Ltd., was holding a monthly meeting with the heads of the key departments to discuss the performance
8. Discuss the new issues and latest trends in aggregate planning.
7. Outline the procedure of developing an aggregate plan. What kind of costs will you include in aggregate cost?
6. Discuss the role of aggregate planning in the area of services.
5. Explain the concept of yield management.
4. Discuss the different mathematical approaches in aggregate planning.
3. Explain the techniques of aggregate planning with examples.
2. What are the various strategies of aggregate planning? Also explain the merits and demerits of each strategy.
1. Discuss aggregate planning. Why aggregate planning is necessary in operations management?
15. Select True or False: (a) A level strategy seeks to produce an aggregate plan that maintains a steady production rate and/ or a steady employment level. (b) The objective of aggregate plan is to
14. A manufacturer initiates a business plan that gets translated into an operational plan, called a _________ (a) Master production schedule (c) Work force schedule (b) Production plan (d) Staffing
13. The aggregate planning strategy that is most likely to impact the productivity of manufacturing workers, adversely is: (a) Use of overtime (c) Building anticipation inventory (b) Layoff of
12. A service firm's aggregate plan that links the firm's strategic goals and objectives with detailed opera- tional plans is called: (a) Production plan (c) Staffing plan (b) Workforce scheduling
11. A level strategy seeks to produce an aggregate plan that maintains: (a) A steady production rate (c) Both (a) and (b) (b) A steady employment level (d) None of the above
10. The inputs which are provided by finance and accounting is/are: (a) Available technology (b) HR policies (c) Costing data for raw material, labour and other overheads (d) All of the above
9. The inputs which are provided by production and engineering is: (a) Current manpower and their working capacity (b) Manpower availability (c) Financial status of the company (d) Warehouse capacity
8. Most aggregate plans cover a period of: (a) 0-3 months (c) 2-5 months (b) 3-18 months (d) More than 5 years
7. In automobile manufacturing, aggregate planning would consider the _______ planned for. (a) Individual models (c) Total number of cars (b) Colours (d) None of the above
6. Yield management requires: (a) Ability to segment the market (b) Low fixed and high variable cost where additional sales create more profits (c) Product non-perishability (d) higher-priced
5. Which can be used to increase or decrease aggregate capacity to match current demand? (a) Hire/lay off (c) Inventory (b) Cross-training (d) All of the above
4. The objective of aggregate planning to: (a) Maximize the overheads (c) Minimize the investment in inventory (b) Minimize the profits (d) Maximize the production set-ups
3. The major decision is _____ to affect the situations to synchronize the demand and capacity. (a) Subcontracting (c) Overtime (b) New demand creation (d) Part-time
2. The major dimension of aggregationis: (a) Machinery (c) Product families (b) Layout (d) Material
1. A production plan/aggregate decisions for each period in the planning horizon pertain to: (a) Workforce level (c) Production rate (b) Inventory level (d) All of the above
8. Explain design facilities for manufacturing?
7. What are the different levels of strategic facility planning?
6. Analyse systematic layout planning.
5. Explain the factors determining facility layout.
4. Explain the following: Layout for warehouse Layout for commercial outlet Layout for office Layout for service
3. What are the different objectives of facility/plant layout? How will you differentiate between office and factory layouts?
2. What are the different types of facility/plant layout? Explain in detail.
1. How will you define facility layout?
11. Select True or False (a) The final solution obtained by CRAFT is independent of the starting solution. (b) Balancing the line concept is used in product-oriented plant layout.
10. CRAFT, a computer based layout model, is used for the analysis of: (a) Line layout (c) Fixed position layout (b) Process layout (d) Group technology layout
8. What types of flow pattern is recommended where the building area is relatively small and yet the pro- duction line is long? (a) L-flow (c) S-flow (b) U-flow (d) Rectangular-flow
9. When a standard product with part interchangeability is produced in large volume, the layout to be used is: (a) Line layout (c) Fixed position layout (b) Functional layout (d) Cellular layout
7. One of the following is not a standard flow pattern. (a) S-flow (c) L-flow (b) K-flow (d) U-flow
6. The layout problem occurs because of the following: (a) Change in product design (c) Market changes (b) Introduction of new product (d) All of these
5. The design and arrangement of physical facilities is known as: (a) Production (c) Manufacturing design (b) Plant layout (d) Production design
4. One of the product examples for fixed position plant layout is: (a) Cars manufacturing (c) Aeroplane manufacturing (b) Paper mill (d) Air condition manufacturing
3. One of the product examples for process layout is: (a) Repair workshop (c) Engineering college (b) Welding shop (d) Cement manufacturing plant
2. The most suitable layout for continuous production is: (a) Line layout (c) Process layout (b) Cellular layout (d) Fixed position layout
1. The most suitable layout for job production is: (a) Line layout (c) Process layout (b) Cellular layout (d) Fixed position layout
7. Discuss the concept of capacity cushion. How is it related to other areas of operations management?
6. Define capacity planning and capacity control.
5. What are the various reasons for the failure of capacity planning problem?
4. Discuss the importance of capacity planning. How will you balance the capacity planning problem?
3. How will you estimate the capacity requirement? What is the systematic approach to capacity decision?
2. What are different types of capacity? Also, explain the different constraints of capacity management.
1. Define capacity planning. How will you measure it?
13. Select True or False (a) Capacity planning is useful for the determination of sufficient resources so that user satisfaction can be maximized through timely, efficient and accurate responses. (b)
12. While determining capacity requirements, the following factor(s) must be considered: (a) An estimate of equipment and labour requirement does not meet the forecasts (b) Forecast sales with
11. The major reason for the failure of capacity planning is: (a) Users are interested in predicting future workloads (b) Resistance of capacity planners and rules to use effective measuring tools
10. In the controlling of transformation process, certain fact(s) in production process is/are: (a) Actual input is greater than the planned input (b) Actual input is less than the actual output (c)
9. The different circumstance(s) and situation(s) which influence(s) the decisions to buy the product or service in-house is/are: (a) When the buyer is highly quality conscious (b) If the freight
8. The different circumstance (s) and situation (s) which influence (s) the decisions to make the product or service in-house is/are: (a) Its timely supplies are not assured (b) Design and style
7. When the delivery schedules are difficult to be met, then_____ decision is selected (a) Buy (c) Both of them (b) Make decision is selected. (d) None of the above
5. Sustainable capacity is a part of: (a) Short range capacity (c) Long range capacity (b) Medium range capacity (d) Design capacity
4. The maximum output of a system in a given period is called the: (a) Production capacity (c) Sustainable capacity (b) Design capacity (d) Effective capacity
3. When demand exceeds capacity, a firm should: (a) Lower prices (c) Advertise (b) Add worker (d) Temporarily lay-off workers
2. The major reason(s) for failure of capacity planning is/are: (a) Involvement of analysis in day-to-day activities (b) Corporate or IT directions may change from year to year (c) Planning is
1. In the determinants of effective capacity, which one factor is related to facility which affects the capacity of the plant? (a) Product or service mix (c) Job content (b) Location (d) Quantity
3. Prepare the case for an optimistic sales manager, should you move ahead with the FMS or not?Hindustan Manufacturing Company (HMC) is considering shifting some of its traditional production system
2. Prepare a case by a conservative plant manager for maintaining the status quo until the returns grow substantially?Hindustan Manufacturing Company (HMC) is considering shifting some of its
1. As a production manager for HMC, what do you recommend and why?Hindustan Manufacturing Company (HMC) is considering shifting some of its traditional production system of Numerically Controlled
8. What is slack? How is it calculated?
7. Explain the determination of earliest and the latest start and completion times of the different activities of a project. Also, explain how the earliest and the latest event times are obtained.
6. Write down the procedure of PERT and CPM techniques.
5. What do you mean by planning, scheduling and controlling of a project?
4. What is a project? What are its charactertics?
3. Write a note on crashing.
2. What are three time estimates used in the context of PERT? How are the expected duration of a project and its standard deviation calculated?
1. A construction company has received a contract to build an office complex. It has frequently engaged itself in constructing such buildings. Which of the two network techniques, PERT and CPM,
14. Select True of False (a) Project financing is one of the steps of project management. (b) CPM predicts the time required to complete the project.(c) In project management system, critical path
13. Which of the following statements about critical path analysis (CPA) is true? (a) The network should remain constant throughout the project (b) The critical path is the shortest path through the
12. The network model that allows for randomness in activity completion time is called: (a) CPM (c) Gantt Chart (b) PERT (d) All of these
11. CPM provides the following benefits: (a) Graphical view of the project (b) Interrelationship among various tasks (c) Predicts time required to complete the project (d) All of the above
10. The time between its earliest and latest start time, or between its earliest and latest finish time of an activity is: (a) Start time (c) Delay time (b) Slack time (d) Critical path time
9. The technique used for scheduling the tasks and tracking the progress of energy management projects is called: (a) CPM (c) GANTT Chart (b) PERT (d) None of these
8. The contract in which project specifications are provided to a contractor who procures and installs equipment at cost plus a mark-up or fixed price is called: (a) Extended financing terms (b)

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