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business
organizational behavior

Questions and Answers of Organizational Behavior

Barbara is a sales representative for Global Fashions Inc. One of her best customers, George, places a large order for linen jackets for the coming spring season. Barbara knows that Global has had
Jose is a general manager of a division of Global Operations. In that capacity, he knows that his company is planning on making layoffs soon. Juan, a good friend in another division, tells Jose he is
Don is a sales representative for a local moving company. His friend Adam works as an auto salesman. Adam informs Don that people who move are surprisingly likely to buy new cars shortly thereafter
You’ve been a manager at your company for five years and have developed an excellent reputation. Your future looks bright, which is a good thing since you have a family to support. Yesterday a
1. Critics of CRAs assert that they are too intrusive, ineffective, and unnecessary and that they can cause as many problems as they solve. Identify the specific reasons and examples that might
Visit Apple’s website (www.apple.com) and enter “Steve Jobs” in the search icon. Then click on the feature showing him deliver a speech. How does this speech illustrate the factors in the Big
Atlas Sports Genetics (www.atlasgene.com.) offers to test parents to determine whether their children have inherited the genes to be a successful football player, marathon runner, etc. What are some
How might the values of a culture impact the development of a person’s personality? What cultural dimensions seem to have the most influence on this developmental process?
Using the Big Five personality factors, describe the personality of (a) A close family member and (b) A person for whom you have worked. How do these factors affect your behavior toward them?
Can individuals change their attitude without changing their behavior? Give an example.
Describe how you can develop your hope attitude to improve your performance.
Don Tuttle, CEO of Top Gun Ventures, thinks that satisfied workers are more productive than less satisfied workers. Do you agree or disagree with him? Explain.
Think of an organization that you have worked for. What factors seemed to influence your commitment to this organization?
In what ways does the model of emotions affect your attitude and performance?
1. Use EQ to describe a friend. What are this person’s strengths and weaknesses?2. Is EQ genetic or shaped by experience? MINI CASE An individual difference that has recently
1. Using the Big Five personality factors, describe Ellison’s personality characteristics. How do these affect others?2. What’s Ellison EQ? Why do individuals work for him?MINI CASE Larry
Go to www.google.com and enter “Jim Sinegal.” Scroll down until you find “ABC News: Costco CEO Finds Pro-Worker Means Profitability.” What is your perception of him?
The individual forms perceptions of how ethical principles are portrayed in organizations through the behaviors of leaders, advertisements, news stories, and the like. Go to the Gap’s website
Review the Communication Competency feature showing different hand gestures on page 109. Do you use any of these gestures? How might these be interpreted by people in different countries?
What are your scores on the Impression Management Assessment questionnaire in Table 4.2? Based on these, how might the overuse of any tactic backfire on you and hurt your career advancement?
If you take an assignment with an organization in a foreign country, what are some of the perceptual errors that you should avoid to complete the assignment successfully?
Provide two real examples of the Pygmalion effect.
Which stereotypes do you believe are most widely held by leaders in organizations? Why?
1. What is your evaluation of Joan’s performance in terms of consistency, distinctiveness, and consensus?2. Do you attribute Joan’s performance to internal or external causes? What is the
To understand what behaviors are rewarded at UPS, visit www.ups.com and in the search bar (upper right hand corner) enter “careers.” Search under careers. What kinds of rewards are given to
In the Ethics Competency feature “Time Off for Bad Behavior,” what are some ethical dilemmas created by giving prisoners time off if they legitimately enroll in a substance abuse program while in
Visit either a local health club or diet center and schedule an interview with the leader. What types of rewards does it give its members who achieve targeted goals? Does it use punishment?
What are some issues surrounding the use of punishment?
What are some positive and negative reinforcements that you have experienced either at school or work? How did these affect your behavior?
How do producers of self-help videos use social learning theory to change an individual’s behavior?
How can a leader raise an employee’s level of self-efficacy?
If you skipped a class or cut out of work to simply take the day off, what were the consequences of this behavior? How might your teacher or supervisor change your behavior to encourage attendance?
Gambling casino owners in Las Vegas, Reno, and Atlantic City use a variable ratio reinforcement schedule. Why do people find this schedule so addictive?
1. What kind of reinforcers does Salatino use to motivate his salespeople?2. What kind of reinforcement schedule is used by Great Northern American to pay salespeople?3. If you were Salatino, how
To explore how Starbucks motivates its partners, go to www.starbucks.com. On that page, look for “career center.” Click on that. What employee needs is Starbucks attempting to satisfy for its
Go to www.starbucks.com, click on “about us,” then click on “business ethics & compliance.” Click on the link that shows all versions of Starbucks Standard of Business Conduct on the
Phil Jackson, after winning his tenth NBA title as a coach, said: “I don’t motivate my players. You cannot motivate someone. All you can do is provide a motivating environment and the players
How has John Schnatter, CEO of Papa John’s, applied the learned needs model to motivate his employees?
What are your own assumptions about motivation? How do they reflect the culture in which you were raised?
Why is job satisfaction not strongly related to job performance?
Why are some individuals motivated to cheat?
Imagine that you have been selected for an office visit at SEI Investments for a financial analyst position. What are leaders looking for in that interview to decide whether or not to hire you?
Imagine that you have just been selected to become a new sales manager for Dell Computers in Mexico. What would you do to motivate employees to become high producers?
1. Go to Fortune magazine, February 2, 2009, and turn to pages 64–65 or go to www.sas.com and search under the heading “SAS Family.” Using the criteria on these pages, evaluate the SAS
Visit Enterprise at www.enterprise.com. Click on “Careers,” on “Our Culture,” then on “Our Values.” How does Enterprise use goal-setting?
What are some ethical problems associated with performance-based reward programs? What abuses have you seen? How can leaders correct such abuses?
What factors influenced your level of goal commitment to this course? Did your level of commitment change after receiving feedback on an assignment or test? Explain.
Use the goal-setting model found on page 194 to analyze Steve Letarte’s NASCAR team, the Rainbow Warriors. Why is the team effective?
Sandra Swann, director of human resources at ViewCast, said that many times, leaders commit the error of measuring the wrong behaviors with excruciating accuracy. What implications does this pose for
Jay Beck, general manager at Benefit Partners, a company that specializes in human resource management, said: “If you cannot define it and measure it, you are not going to get it.” What
What are some of the negative issues associated with goal-setting programs?
Why does the diversity program at Lockheed Martin work?
What are some problems that employees might face in an organization that has adopted a skill-based pay program?
Bella Goren, vice president for Customer Services Planning in Asia for American Airlines, is transferring a manager from American Airlines based in Dallas to Japan. What cultural issues might he
1. Using the model found on page 194, evaluate Allstate’s goal-setting process. How does it work?2. On pages 202–203, we list some of the dimensions of an effective goal-setting program. Does
Go to www.howtolayoffemployees.com. What suggestions are presented that help to reduce the stresses of being laid off?
What are the ethical implications for leaders who ignore the impacts of severe workplace stress on their employees?
Assume a leader is lacking in the diversity competency. How does this deficiency link to the severe workplace stress experienced by some or all employees?
Give an example of your use of the fight-or-flight response. In that situation, all things considered, was your response effective or ineffective?
Have you experienced or observed workplace incivility? If yes, what impacts, if any, did it have on you or others? Explain.
Review the Self-Competency feature entitled “Chesley Sullenberger III, Captain of US Airways Flight 1549.” Based on the descriptions of Sullenberger, what characteristics of the hardy personality
Review the Change Competency feature entitled “Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics’ Wellness Program.” How does this program help reduce work stressors and modify behaviors?
Identify and list some of the stressors in a job that you have had. Which were the most difficult to deal with? Why?
How would others who know you assess you in comparison to(a) The Type A personality,(b) The Type B personality, and(c) The hardy personality? Explain.
Have you experienced or witnessed workplace bullying? If yes, did the organization’s leaders deal with it effectively? Explain.
Have you experienced or witnessed workplace violence? If yes, did the organization’s leaders deal with it effectively? Explain.
1. Is the “fight-or-flight” response evident in this case? Explain.2. What influences on the stress experience appear to be present?3. What were the primary work-related stressors for Coleen
In the Learning from Experience feature, David Hoover comments: “We’ve got lots of challenges ahead of us. I spend about 75% of my time solving problems. . . .” Go to the Ball Corporation’s
Review the Diversity Competency feature entitled “Chubb’s Business Case for Diversity.” In what three ways do you agree and/or disagree with this business case for diversity?
Give three examples of a “personal problem/ decision” that you have experienced: one that involved the condition of certainty, one that involved risk (subjective probability), and one that
Review the “Shoes For Crews Reduces Risk and Uncertainty” Change Competency feature, then visit the company’s website at www.shoesforcrews.com. Has this firm effectively communicated how its
Review the Change Competency feature entitled “St. Clair Hospital Adopts RFID and Related Technologies.” What specific components and applications of knowledge management are illustrated in this
Think of an organization in which you are or have been an employee. Describe a decision situation that seemed to be based on the bounded rationality process in relation to the concepts of
What are three differences between evidence-based management and political decision making?
Think of an important decision that you have made during the past year. In what ways did your decision making match or vary from each factor in the political decision-making process? Explain.
Review the characteristics of lateral versus vertical thinking in Table 14.3. Try to think of a “personal” decision situation in which you would have benefited from lateral thinking but you
1. What examples of bounded rationality are evident in this case?2. What examples of the political decision-making process can you identify?3. How would evidence-based management help to address this
We discussed many features of Lowe’s organizational design. If Lowe’s continues to grow, what are some of the possible changes that might be considered in its organization design? You might want
What are some organizational design mistakes you learned from reading the Ethics Competency feature about Enron?
What impact does the choice of business strategy have on how your organization or university is organized?
Give examples of authority, responsibility, and accountability for a course in which you have been enrolled.
The following are some reasons why organizations fail:• Lack of goal clarity—strategic goals are not clear or linked to the organization’s design.• Lack of internal alignment—the design of
Think of a leader for whom you have worked. Based on the guidelines presented for effective delegation, did this manager do a good job of delegating? Explain your answer.
What are some advantages and disadvantages of organizing by product?
What are some warning signs that an organization’s design is not working?
What implications for managerial spans of control can be expected as organizations downsize? What additional managerial competencies might be required of leaders who remain in a downsized
What are some of the challenges facing leaders of a network organization?
1. What aspects of differentiation and integration are illustrated in this case?2. What concepts of vertical design are highlighted?3. What is FedEx Office and Print Services’ business strategy?
Tony Hsieh, leader of Zappos, has some very strong norms about what behaviors are rewarded and what are punished. To more fully understand Zappos’ cultural values go to www.zappos.com and click on
Go to www.zappos.com. How does this website illustrate cultural diversity?
What are the primary methods that Richard Teerlink used to change the culture of Harley-Davidson?
Describe how organizations use symbols and stories to communicate values and beliefs. Give some examples of organizations’ symbols or stories with which you are familiar.
Use the values listed in Table 16.1 to describe what it would be like to work at Semco and for Ricardo Semler.We have listed 54 values below. These are divided into two groups of 27 each. Select four
What role does communications play is sustaining Texas Nameplate’s entrepreneurial culture?
How might an organization use its culture to increase the probability of ethical behavior and decrease the probability of unethical behavior by its leaders and employees?
Dave Stoner, CEO of ViewCast, a video encoding company, says that changing a culture is among the hardest things he has ever done. Why is changing a culture so difficult?
1. Using the values listed in Table 16.1, describe the culture of Wegmans.We have listed 54 values below. These are divided into two groups of 27 each. Select four values in the YOU ARE group and
Go to www.petrobras.com, click on “About us,” and read about the oil company. What are the key pressures for change reported in these statements?
From your answers on the diversity questionnaire in Table 17.2, what competencies might you need to develop to increase your diversity competency? What action steps do you plan to take? How will
Why is organizational diagnosis essential to the success of any change effort?

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