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business statistics

Questions and Answers of Business Statistics

Refer to Example 10.4 (p. 544). Recall that the USGA wants to compare the mean driving distances of four different golf ball brands (A, B, C, and D). Iron Byron, the USGA’s robotic golfer, is used
Public perceptions of health risks. In the Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition (July 2005), University of Basel (Switzerland)psychologists tested the ability of people
Failure times of silicon wafer microchips. Researchers at National Semiconductor experimented with tin-lead solder bumps used to manufacture silicon wafer integrated circuit chips (International
Satisfaction with membership in a new religious movement.How satisfied are people who have recently joined a new religious movement? To answer this question, German researchers collected data for a
Shopping on Black Friday. Refer to the International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management (Vol. 39, 2011) study of shopping on Black Friday (the day after Thanksgiving), Exercise 7.22 (p.
Estimating change-point dosage. A standard method for studying toxic substances and their effects on humans is to observe the responses of rodents exposed to various doses of the substance over time.
Estimation of urban population by means of satellite images.Refer to the Geographical Analysis (Jan. 2007) study that demonstrated the use of satellite image maps for estimating urban population,
Goal congruence in top management teams. Do chief executive officers (CEOs) and their top managers always agree on the goals of the company? Goal importance congruence between CEOs and vice
Testing tires for wear. Underinflated or overinflated tires can increase tire wear. A new tire was tested for wear at different pressures, with the results shown in the following table.Pressure x
Assertiveness and leadership. Management professors at Columbia University examined the relationship between assertiveness and leadership (Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Feb. 2007).
Going for it on fourth down in the NFL. Refer to the Chance(Winter 2009) study of fourth-down decisions by coaches in the National Football League (NFL), Exercise 11.87(p. 652). Recall that
Personality traits and job performance. When attempting to predict job performance using personality traits, researchers typically assume that the relationship is linear. A study published in the
Consider the following quadratic models:(1) y = 1 + 4x + 2x2(2) y = 1 - 4x + 2x2(3) y = 1 + 2x2(4) y = 1 - 2x2(5) y = 1 + 5x2a. Graph each of these quadratic models, side by side, on the same sheet
Suppose you fit the second-order model y = b0 + b1 x + b2 x2 + e to n = 30 data points. Your estimate of b2 is b n 2 = .52, and the estimated standard error of the estimate is .18.a. Test H0: b2 = 0
Suppose you fit the quadratic model E1y2 = b0 + b1 x + b2 x2 to a set of n = 20 data points and found R2= .85, SSyy = 25.59, and SSE = 3.82.a. Is there sufficient evidence to indicate that the model
Write a second-order model relating the mean of y, E(y), toa. one quantitative independent variableb. two quantitative independent variablesc. three quantitative independent variables [Hint: Include
In the model E1y2 = b0 + b1 x + b2 x2,a. Which b represents the y-intercept?b. Which b represents the shift?c. Which b represents the rate of curvature?
A social scientist would like to relate the number of hours worked per week(outside the home) by a married woman to the number of years of formal education she has completed and the number of
In all-electric homes, the amount of electricity expended is of interest to consumers, builders, and groups involved with energy conservation. Suppose we wish to investigate the monthly electrical
Bubble behavior in subcooled flow boiling. Refer to the Heat Transfer Engineering (Vol. 34, 2013)study of bubble behavior in subcooled flow boiling, Exercise 12.28 (p. 701). Recall that bubble
Arsenic in groundwater. Refer to the Environmental Science & Technology (Jan. 2005) study of the reliability of a commercial kit to test for arsenic in groundwater, presented in Exercise 12.23 (p.
Cooling method for gas turbines. Refer to the Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power (Jan. 2005) study of a high-pressure inlet fogging method for a gas turbine engine, presented in
Unconscious self-esteem study. Psychologists define implicit self-esteem as unconscious evaluations of one’s worth or value. In contrast, explicit self-esteem refers to the extent to which a person
Factors that affect an auditor’s judgment. A study was conducted to determine the effects of linguistic delivery style and client credibility on auditors’ judgments(Advances in Accounting and
Reality TV and cosmetic surgery. Refer to the Body Image:An International Journal of Research (March 2010) study of the influence of reality TV shows on one’s desire to undergo cosmetic surgery,
Forecasting movie revenues with Twitter. Refer to the IEEE International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (2010) study on using the volume of chatter on Twitter.com to
Psychology of waiting in line. While waiting in a long line for service (e.g., to use an ATM or at the post office), at some point you may decide to leave the line. The Journal of Consumer Research
Eye movement and spatial distortion. A study of how eye movement behavior can distort one’s judgment of the location of an object was published in Advances in Cognitive Psychology (Vol. 6, 2010).
Role of retailer interest in shopping behavior. Retail interest is defined by marketers as the level of interest a consumer has in a given retail store. Marketing professors at the University of
Whales entangled in fishing gear. Refer to the Marine Mammal Science (Apr. 2010) study of whales entangled in fishing gear, Exercise 12.17 (p. 698). Recall that the length(y) of an entangled whale
Study of high-arctic butterflies. The impact of global warming and subsequent snow melt on the flight season (migration dates) of butterflies inhabiting the High Arctic was investigated in Current
Suppose you fit the interaction model y = b0 + b1 x1 + b2 x2 + b3 x1 x2 + e to n = 32 data points and obtain the results below:SSyy = 500 SSE = 21 b n 3 = 10 sbn 3 = 4a. Find R2 and interpret its
Suppose the true relationship between E(y) and the quantitative independent variables x1 and x2 is given by the model below.E1y2 = -5 + x1 + 3x2 - 3x1 x2a. Describe the corresponding
Write an interaction model relating the mean value of y, E(y), toa. two quantitative independent variablesb. three quantitative independent variables [Hint: Include all possible two-way cross-product
If two variables x1 and x2 do not interact, how would you describe their effect on the mean response E(y)?
Arsenic in groundwater. Refer to the Environmental Science & Technology (Jan. 2005) study of the reliability of a commercial kit designed to test for arsenic in groundwater, presented in Exercise
Boiler drum production. In a production facility, an accurate estimate of hours needed to complete a task is crucial to management in making such decisions as hiring the proper number of workers,
Emotional intelligence and team performance. The Engineering Project Organizational Journal (Vol. 3, 2013)published the results of an exploratory study designed to gain a better understanding of how
California rain levels. An article published in Geography(July 1980) used multiple regression to predict annual rainfall levels in California. Data on the average annual precipitation (y), altitude
Usability Professionals, salary survey. The Usability Professionals’ Association (UPA) supports people who research, design, and evaluate the user experience of products and services. The UPA
Predicting runs scored in baseball. Refer to the Chance(Fall 2000) study of runs scored in Major League Baseball games, Exercise 12.19 (p. 698). Multiple regression was used to model total number of
Characteristics of lead users. Refer to the Creativity and Innovation Management (Feb. 2008) study of lead users of children’s computer games, Exercise 12.15 (p. 698). Recall that the researchers
Explain why we use yn as an estimate of E(y) and to predict y.
Refer to Examples 12.1–12.4 and the first-order model E1y2 = b0 +b1 x1 + b2 x2, where y = auction price of a grandfather clock, x1 = age of the clock, and x2 = number of bidders.a. Estimate the
Bordeaux wine sold at auction. The uncertainty of the weather during the growing season, the phenomenon that wine tastes better with age, and the fact that some vineyards produce better wines than
Highway crash data analysis. Researchers at Montana State University have written a tutorial on an empirical method for analyzing before and after highway crash data (Montana Department of
Bubble behavior in subcooled flow boiling. In industry cooling applications (e.g., cooling of nuclear reactors), a process called subcooled flow boiling is often employed.Subcooled flow boiling is
Rpm Cpratio Inlet-Temp Exh-Temp Airflow Heatrate 27245 9.2 1134 602 7 14622 14000 12.2 950 446 15 13196 17384 14.8 1149 537 20 11948 11085 11.8 1024 478 27 11289 14045 13.2 1149 553 29 11964 f f f f
Cooling method for gas turbines. Refer to the Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power (Jan. 2005)study of a high-pressure inlet fogging method for a gas turbine engine, presented in
R2 and model fit. Because the coefficient of determination, R2, always increases when a new independent variable is added to a model, it is tempting to include many variables in the model in order to
Reality TV and cosmetic surgery. How much influence do the media, especially reality television programs, have on one’s decision to undergo cosmetic surgery? This was the question of interest to
Arsenic in groundwater. Environmental Science &Technology (Jan. 2005) reported on a study of the reliability of a commercial kit designed to test for arsenic in groundwater. The field kit was used to
Novelty of a vacation destination. The relationship between the novelty of a vacation destination and vacationing golfers’demographics was investigated in the Annals of Tourism Research (Apr.
Study of adolescents with ADHD. Children with attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were monitored to evaluate their risk for substance (e.g., alcohol, tobacco, illegal drug) use (Journal of
Forecasting movie revenues with Twitter. Refer to the IEEE International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (2010) study on using the volume of chatter on Twitter.com to
Estimation of urban population by means of satellite images. Can the population of an urban area be estimated without taking a census? Geographical Analysis(Jan. 2007) demonstrated the use of
Whales entangled in fishing gear. Refer to the Marine Mammal Science (April 2010) study of whales entangled in fishing gear, Exercise 10.32 (p. 552). Data collected for a sample of 207 entanglements
Dating and disclosure. Refer to the Journal of Adolescence(Apr. 2010) study of adolescents’ disclosure of their dating and romantic relationships, Exercise 8.43 (p. 419).Data collected for a sample
Characteristics of lead users. Creativity and Innovation Management (Feb. 2008) published an article on identifying the social network characteristics of lead users of children’s computer games.
Predicting elements in aluminum alloys. Aluminum scraps that are recycled into alloys are classified into three categories: softdrink cans, pots and pans, and automobile crank chambers. A study of
Tilting in online poker. In poker, making bad decisions due to negative emotions is known as tilting. A study in the Journal of Gambling Studies (Mar. 2014) investigated the factors that affect the
If the analysis-of-variance F-test leads to the conclusion that at least one of the model parameters is nonzero, can you conclude that the model is the best predictor for the dependent variable y?
Suppose you fit the first-order model y = b0 + b1 x1 + b2 x2 + b3 x3 + b4 x4 + b5 x5 + e to n = 27 data points and obtain SSE = .33 R2= .92a. Do the values of SSE and R2 suggest that the model
Consider the following first-order model equation in three quantitative independent variables:E1y2 = 2 + 4x1 - 2x2 - 5x3a. Graph the relationship between y and x1 for x2 = -2 and x3 = 2.b. Repeat
How is the number of degrees of freedom available for estimating s2 (the variance ofe) related to the number of independent variables in a regression model?
Suppose you fit the first-order multiple-regression model y = b0 + b1 x1 + b2 x2 + e to n = 25 data points and obtain the prediction equation yn = 6.4 + 3.1x1 + .92x2 The estimated standard
Suppose you fit the model y = b0 + b1 x1 + b2 x2 + b3 x3 + e to n = 30 data points and obtain the following result:yn = 2.2 - 2.8x1 + 1.9x2 + .97x3 The estimated standard errors of b n 2 and b n 3
What are the caveats to conducting t-tests on all of the individual b parameters in a multiple-regression model?
Refer to Example 12.3, in which an antique collector modeled the auction price y of grandfather clocks as a function of the age x1 of the clock and the number x2 of bidders. Recall that the
Refer to Examples 12.1 and 12.2. The collector of antique grandfather clocks knows that the price (y) received for the clocks increases linearly with the age 1x12 of the clocks. Moreover, the
Refer to the first-order model for auction price y considered in Example 12.1.Interpret the estimates of the b parameters in the model.
A collector of antique grandfather clocks sold at auction believes that the price received for the clocks depends on both the age of the clocks and the number of bidders at the auction. Thus, he
Alert the analyst to some regression pitfalls (12.12)
Show how an analysis of a model’s residuals can aid in detecting violations of the model’s assumptions and in identifying modifications required by the model. (12.11)
Present some model building techniques (12.9–12.10)
Demonstrate how to use the model for prediction (12.4)
Assess how well the multiple-regression model fits the sample data. (12.3)
Present several different multiple-regression models involving both quantitative and qualitative independent variables. (12.2, 12.5–12.8)
Introduce a multiple-regression model as a means of relating a dependent variable y to two or more independent variables. (12.1)
Using the WVS dataset, get the mean and median on two variables:percentage of a country who agree men have more right to work than women, and percentage of a country who strongly agree or agree that
Using the WVS dataset, compare two groups of countries with regard to how much their citizens trust strangers. Use the Western Europe, U.S., Australia, and New Zealand group as one of your groups of
WVS respondents were asked to rate how acceptable they believe parents beating their children to be on a scale from 1 (never justifiable) to 10(always justifiable). Treating this variable as
Using the PewSocialMedia dataset, get the mean, median, and variance for the “Index of Upsettedness” variable for respondents who are married and those who are not married (use the recoded
Using the PewSocialMedia dataset, get the mean, median, and variance for the recoded variable XYtextnum1 (number of texts respondent sends per day) for urban, suburban, and rural respondents. What
Using the PewSocialMedia dataset, get the mean, median, and variance for the variable fbfriendnum (the number of Facebook friends the respondent claims to have) for the following groups: white men,
Use the PewWorkPlay dataset to get the mean, median, and variance for the“Use of Social Media for Job Search” index for two groups: whites and blacks. Explain what the differences among these
Use the PewWorkPlay dataset to get the mean, median, and variance for the“Ease of Technology Use for Job Search” index for two groups: those who have only a high-school diploma, and those who
Use the PewWorkPlay dataset to get the mean, median, and variance for the“Concern about Job” index for two groups: those who do manual/physical labor, and those who do not do manual/physical
Use the PewKids dataset to contrast black kids and Hispanic kids on the Child Technology Use Index. Contrast the means, the medians, and the variances.
Use the PewKids dataset to contrast white kids and American Indian kids on the variable “number of texts sent per day.” Contrast the means, the medians, and the variances.
Using the PewHealth dataset, run the necessary statistics to address these questions:a. Imagine someone who has four of the six health conditions in the Health Condition Index, yet they say they have
Use the PewHealth dataset to get the means and the medians on the Cellphone Use Index for the various educational groupings (use the original education variable, not the recoded one). As educational
Among whom is there more variation in overall health: those in the lowest income bracket of the PewHealth dataset or those in the highest income bracket? Here are data for this variable:Lowest
Here is a frequency distribution for the TV news watching habits of the ANES unique group white women who smoke every day but claim to be in excellent health:Times/wk TV news Frequency 0 6 1 2 5 2 6
Here is a list of scores on the Traditionalism Index for the ANES unique group of respondents who simultaneously rated Christian Fundamentalists and Atheists at 100 on the Feeling Thermometer:7, 10,
Among whom is there more agreement regarding gay marriage: young Hispanics or middle-aged Hispanics? Here are ANES data for this variable:Young Hispanics Mid-Aged Hispanics Legal marriage 202 81
Here are the sample sizes and means for the four racial/ethnic groups on the ANES Political Efficacy Index (only the 17- to 20-year-olds):Whites: n = 32, mean = 6.97 Blacks: n = 21, mean = 8.14
Use the ANES data to get the mean and standard deviation for the recoded income variable for the various marital status groups (use the recoded marital status variable). Which is more unique: a
Use the ANES data to see how the male respondents and then the female respondents score on the feminist feeling thermometer. Have SPSS calculate the mean and the median for each group. Discuss each
Use the ANES data and have SPSS calculate the mean and the median for the four feeling thermometers that concern religious groups: atheists, Mormons, Muslims, and Christian Fundamentalists. Discuss

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