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business
business statistics

Questions and Answers of Business Statistics

Does saving money lead to happiness? Does this relationship hold for all countries? Using the WVS dataset, run a regression equation using HAPPY as the dependent variable and three independent
Some think life is most stressful during middle age, when people have the most obligations (their own child and their own parents). Use the PewSocialMedia dataset, first selecting cases so that
Use the PewSocialMedia dataset to run a regression with the variable “# of times/ week use Facebook” as your dependent variable. Select cases so that you’re looking only at respondents aged 50
Use the PewSocialMedia dataset to run a regression with the Index of Social Media Use as your dependent variable. For your independent variables, use the recoded sex variable (XYsex), the age
Use the PewWorkPlay dataset to run a regression with the recoded income variable (XYincome) as your dependent variable. For your independent variables, use the recoded education variable (XYeduc),
Use the PewWorkPlay dataset to run a regression with the “Use of Social Media for Job Search” index as your dependent variable. For your independent variables, use age, the recoded sex variable
Use the PewWorkPlay dataset to run a regression with the “Video Game Attitude” index as your dependent variable. For your independent variables, use age, the recoded sex variable (XYsex), and the
A child’s age likely has an effect on the number of ways he or she uses social networking websites, but is this effect the same for boys and girls?Investigate this using the PewKids dataset (use
Perhaps gender—of both the checker and the checkee—plays a role in the extent to which a parent checks and blocks the technology of his or her child. Use the PewKids dataset to run a regression
Using the PewHealth dataset, address this question: does age have the same effect on men and women with regard to cell phone use? Use the Cellphone Use Index as your dependent variable, and recoded
Using the PewHealth dataset, address this question: does education have the same effect on men and women with regard to seeking out health information on the Internet? Use the Internet Health Use
Using the PewHealth dataset, address this question: as they age, do whites and blacks develop health conditions at the same rate? Use the Health Conditions Index as your dependent variable, and age,
Do political views and income interact in interesting ways with regard to how people feel about income inequality? Run a regression using the ANES Income Inequality Concern Index as your dependent
There’s a good chance that men and women may have different attitudes toward women working. But does how much men and women work affect these attitudes as well, and does this effect differ for men
Does religiosity have the same effect on attitudes toward feminism for women as it does for men? Use the ANES feminist feeling thermometer as the dependent variable. For the independent variable use
Whites and blacks typically have different ideas about the importance of working toward equality. People’s incomes also affect how they feel about equality: those with higher incomes care a bit
There is a huge wealth gap between whites and blacks. Even blacks who have high incomes have, for a variety of reasons, difficulty building wealth.Investigate this by creating an interaction model
how researchers used interactions to study work-related guilt
how researchers used interactions to study the effects of a school arts program
interaction effects between two ratio-level variables
interaction effects involving reference groups
interaction effects between two dichotomies
interaction effects between a dichotomy and a ratio-level variable
how interaction and elaborated crosstabs are related
which research questions lead us to looking at interaction effects
Web-based exercise. You can find the report of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) on the possible health effects of exposure to power lines at
Web-based exercise. All of the sample surveys mentioned in Examples 4 to 7 maintain Web sites:• Gallup Poll (Example 4): www.gallup.com/• Current Population Survey (Example 5):
Choose your study purpose. Give an example of a question about college students, their behavior, or their opinions that would best be answered by(a) a sample survey.(b) an observational study that is
Choose your study type. What is the best way to answer each of the questions below: an experiment, a sample survey, or an observational study that is not a sample survey? Explain your choices.(a) Is
The cost of textbooks. A student is interested in determining if the cost of a textbook depends on the number of pages. The student goes to the campus bookstore, picks a textbook rack at random, and
Physical fitness and leadership. A study of the relationship between physical fitness and leadership uses as subjects middle-aged executives who have volunteered for an exercise program. The
Oatmeal and cholesterol. Does eating oatmeal reduce the level of bad cholesterol (LDL)? Here are two ways to study this question.1. A researcher finds 500 adults over 40 who regularly eat oatmeal or
Treating prostate disease. A large study used records from Canada’s national health care system to compare the effectiveness of two ways to treat prostate disease. The two treatments are
Power lines and leukemia. The study of power lines and leukemia in Example 3 compared two groups of individuals and measured many variables that might influence differences between the groups.
Teens sleep needs. A Washington Post article reported on a study about the the sleep needs of teenagers. In the study, researchers measured the presence of the sleep-promoting hormone melatonin in
What is the population? For each of the following sampling situations, identify the population as exactly as possible. That is, say what kind of individuals the population consists of and say exactly
What is the population? For each of the following sampling situations, identify the population as exactly as possible. That is, say what kind of individuals the population consists of and say exactly
The political gender gap. There may be a “gender gap” in political party preference in the United States, with women more likely than men to prefer Democratic candidates. A political scientist
The death penalty. A press release by the Gallup News Service says that, based on a poll conducted October 4–7, 2007, it found that 69% of Americans respond “Yes” when asked this question:
Sampling moms. Pregnant and breast-feeding women should eat at least 12 ounces of fish and seafood per week to ensure their babies’ optimal brain development, according to a coalition of top
Who recycles? In Example 1, weight is not a good measure of the participation of households in different neighborhoods in a city recycling program.What variables would you measure in its
Athletes’ salaries. Here is a small part of a data set that describes Major League Baseball players as of opening day of the 2007 season:Player Team Position Age Salary...Taveras, Willy Rockies
Miles per gallon. Here is a small part of a data set that describes the fuel economy (in miles per gallon) of 2008 model motor vehicles:Make and Vehicle Transmission Number of City Highway model type
Posting lectures on the class Web site. To determine what students found most helpful, an educational researcher examined student comments from several classes he taught. Mentioned most often was the
Federal funding. The University of Pennsylvania’s National Annenberg Election Survey conducted a poll from July 30 to August 5, 2004. They asked:Do you favor or oppose Federal funding of research
Oil spill impact on seabirds. Refer to the Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics(Sept. 2000) study of the impact of a tanker oil spill on the seabird population in Alaska,
Detection of rigged school milk prices. Each year, the state of Kentucky invites bids from dairies to supply half-pint containers of fluid milk products for its school districts. In several school
Last name and acquisition timing. Refer to the Journal of Consumer Research (Aug. 2011) study of the last name effect in acquisition timing, Exercise 9.14 (p. 476). Recall that the mean response
Minority students in engineering. Figure 11.11 is a histogram of the number of minority students (black, Hispanic, Native American) who earned doctorate degrees in engineering from each of 152
Outliers. The African elephant is much larger than any other mammal in the data set but lies roughly in the overall straight-line pattern. Dolphins, humans, and hippos lie outside the overall
Never on Sunday? The Canadian province of Ontario carries out statistical studies to monitor how Canada’s national health care system is working in the province. The bar graphs in Figure II.4 come
We pay high interest. Figure 10.12 shows a graph taken from an advertisement for an investment that promises to pay a higher interest rate than bank accounts and other competing investments. Is this
We sell CDs. Who sold the most CDs on the Web just before listeners began to download their favorites rather than buy CDs? Figure 10.13 graphs the shares of the market leaders in 1997 and says what
The cost of tomatoes. Figure 10.14 is a line graph of the average cost of tomatoes each month from January 1997 to December 2007. These data, from the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ monthly survey of
Exports. Figure 10.15 compares the value of exports (in billions of dollars)in 2002 from the world’s leading exporters: Germany, Japan, and the United States.(a) Explain why this is not an accurate
A bad graph? Figure 10.16 shows a graph that appeared in the Lexington (Ky.) Herald-Leader on October 5, 1975. Discuss the correctness of this graph. 0 1 U.S. Dollars $4.86 DECLINE OF BRITISH POUND 4
Trucks versus cars. Consumers are turning to trucks, SUVs, and minivans in place of passenger cars. Here are data on sales of new cars and trucks in the United States. (The definition of “truck”
Who sells cars? Figure 10.18 is a pie chart of the percentage of passenger car sales in 1997 by various manufacturers. The artist has tried to make the graph attractive by using the wheel of a car
Lightning storms. Figure 11.9 comes from a study of lightning storms in Colorado. It shows the distribution of the hour of the day during which the firstlightning flash for that day occurred.
Refer to Exercises 10.23 and 10.24. Complete the following ANOVA table for each of the two dot plots: Source Treatments Error Total df SS MS F
A partially completed ANOVA table for a completely randomized design is shown here:a. Complete the ANOVA table.b. How many treatments are involved in the experiment?c. Do the data provide sufficient
The data in the following table resulted from an experiment that utilized a completely randomized design:a. Use statistical software (or the formulas in Appendix B)to complete the following ANOVA
Does the media influence your attitude toward tanning?Dermatologists’ primary recommendation to prevent skin cancer is minimal exposure to the sun. Yet models used in product advertisements are
Evaluation of flexography printing plates. Flexography is a printing process used in the packaging industry. The process is popular because it is cost-effective and can be used to print on a variety
Soil scouring and overturned trees. Trees that grow in flood plains are susceptible to overturning. This is typically due to floodwaters exposing the tree roots(called soil scouring). Environmental
Study of recall of TV commercials. Do TV shows with violence and sex impair memory for commercials? To answer this question, researchers conducted a designed experiment in which 324 adults were
Improving driving performance while fatigued. Can a secondary task—such as a word association task—improve your performance when driving while fatigued?This was the question of interest in a
Effects of temperature on ethanol production. A lowcost and highly productive bio-fuel production method is high-temperature fermentation. However, heat stress can inhibit the amount of ethanol
Restoring self-control when intoxicated. Does coffee or some other form of stimulation really allow a person suffering from alcohol intoxication to “sober up”? Psychologists investigated the
Is honey a cough remedy? Pediatric researchers carried out a designed study to test whether a teaspoon of honey before bed calms a child’s cough and published their results in Archives of
The “name game.” Psychologists evaluated three methods of name retrieval in a controlled setting (Journal of Experimental Psychology—Applied, June 2000). A sample of 139 students was randomly
Animal-assisted therapy for heart patients. Refer to the American Heart Association Conference (Nov. 2005) study to gauge whether animal-assisted therapy can improve the physiological responses of
Whales entangled in fishing gear. Refer to the Marine Mammal Science (April 2010) investigation of whales entangled by fishing gear, Exercise 10.32(p. 552). The mean body lengths (meters) of whales
Does the media influence your attitude toward tanning?Refer to the Basic and Applied Social Psychology (May 2010) study of whether product advertisements influence consumers’ attitudes toward
Evaluation of flexography printing plates. Refer to the Journal of Graphic Engineering and Design (Vol. 3, 2012)study of the quality of flexography printing, Exercise 10.34(p. 552). Recall that four
Chemical properties of whole wheat breads. Whole wheat breads contain a high amount of phytic acid, which tends to lower the absorption of nutrient minerals. The Journal of Agricultural and Food
Robots trained to behave like ants. Refer to the Nature(Aug. 2000) study of robots trained to behave like ants, presented in Exercise 10.35(p. 553). Multiple comparisons of mean energy expended for
Guilt in decision making. The effect of guilt emotion on how a decision maker focuses on the problem was investigated in the Journal of Behavioral Decision Making(Jan. 2007). A sample of 77 volunteer
Study of recall of TV commercials. Refer to the Journal of Applied Psychology (June 2002) completely randomized design study to compare the mean commercial recall scores of viewers of three TV
Baking properties of pizza cheese. Due to its unique stretchability, mozzarella is the most commonly used pizza cheese. How do the baking properties of mozzarella compare with those of other pizza
Writing styles in medical journals. When publishing research results, most medical journals advise authors to write using the “active” rather than the “passive” voice.The impact of the use of
Effect of scopolamine on memory. The drug scopolamine is often used as a sedative to induce sleep in patients. In Behavioral Neuroscience (Feb. 2004), medical researchers examined scopolamine’s
Animal-assisted therapy for heart patients. Refer to the American Heart Association Conference (Nov. 2005) study to gauge whether animal-assisted therapy can improve the physiological responses of
A randomized block design yielded the ANOVA table shown here:a. How many blocks and treatments were used in this experiment?b. How many observations were collected in the experiment?c. Specify the
An experiment was conducted that used a randomized block design. The data from the experiment are displayed in the following table.a. Fill in the missing entries in the following ANOVA table:b.
A randomized block design was used to compare the mean responses for three treatments. Four blocks of three homogeneous experimental units were selected, and each treatment was randomly assigned to
Solar energy generation along highways. The potential of solar panels on roofs built above national highways as a source of solar energy was investigated in the International Journal of Energy and
“Topsy-turvy” seasons in college football. Each week during the college football season the Associated Press(AP) ranks the top 25 Division I college football teams based on voting by
Treatment for tendon pain. Refer to the British Journal of Sports Medicine (Feb. 1, 2004) study of chronic Achilles tendon pain, presented in Exercise 10.12(p. 538). Recall that each in a sample of
Interactive video games and physical fitness. Wii Fit is an interactive video game marketed to consumers who want to increase their physical fitness level. The effectiveness of Wii Fit activities
Evaluating health care research reports. When evaluating research reports in health care, a popular tool is the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR).AMSTAR, which incorporates 11 items
Stress in cows prior to slaughter. What is the level of stress(if any) that cows undergo prior to being slaughtered?To answer this question, researchers designed an experiment involving cows bred in
Taste-testing scales. When comparing the palatability of food items, numerical taste test scales are employed. For example, the Hedonic 9-point scale uses the following ratings:1 = dislike extremely,
Irrelevant facial similarity effects on judgment. Facial similarity to previously encountered persons can be a potential source of bias in decision making. For example, in a job interview, the
Effect of massage on boxers. Eight amateur boxers participated in an experiment to investigate the effect of massage on boxing performance (British Journal of Sports Medicine, Apr. 2000). The
Listening ability of infants. Science (Jan. 1, 1999) reported on the ability of seven-month-old infants to learn an unfamiliar language. In one experiment, 16 infants were trained in an artificial
The partially complete ANOVA table given here is for a two-factor factorial experiment:a. Give the number of levels for each factor.b. How many observations were collected for each factor–level
Following is a partially completed ANOVA table for a 3 * 4 factorial experiment with two replications:a. Complete the ANOVA table.b. Which sums of squares are combined to find the sum of squares for
The following two-way table gives data for a 2 * 3 factorial experiment with two observations for each factor–level combination.a. Identify the treatments for this experiment. Calculate and plot
The following two-way table gives data for a 2 * 2 factorial experiment with two observations per factor–level combination:a. Identify the treatments for this experiment. Calculate and plot the

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