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principles of organizational behavior
Questions and Answers of
Principles Of Organizational Behavior
Teaching a child to play the piano very early in life will give the individual a permanent advantage in this area. True/False
After you learn something, you forget more of it in the next few hours than in the next several days. True/False
In small doses, alcohol facilitates learning. True/False
People who drive well at night tend to be poorer drivers during the day. True/False
Women are more intuitive than men. True/False
Left-handed people are better athletes than right-handed people. True/False
Smokers take more sick days per year than do nonsmokers. True/False
Forty-year-old people are more intelligent than 20-year-olds. True/False
In most U.S. presidential elections, the winner was taller than the loser. True/False
If you have to reprimand someone for a misdeed, it is best to do so immediately after the mistake occurs. True/False
An appreciation for music is an inherited trait. True/False
A person's IQ score can be affected by the particular test that is being used. True/False
Heavy smokers are better decision makers than nonsmokers. True/False
Short women are more likely to marry tall men than they are to marry average or short men. True/False
People who do poorly in academic work are superior in mechanical ability. True/False
High-achieving people are high risk takers. True/False
A genius has a special kind of intelligence not possessed by other people. True/False
Under ideal physical conditions, a person's score on an IQ test could be improved by as much as 2-5 percent. True/False
Blind people have excellent hearing. True/False
Highly cohesive groups are also high productive ones._ True/False
On average, employees admit that money is the primary reason that they work. True/False
Poor people are very religious. True/False
When people are frustrated, they frequently become aggressive. True/False
Experiences as an infant tend to determine behavior in later life. True/False
Child prodigies maintain their superiority later in life. True/False
A trained psychologist can tell you what you are thinking. True/False
Famous people are born of poor but hard-working parents. True/False
Politicians have a strong desire to persuade and influence others. True/False
Successful top managers have a greater need for money than they do for power. True/False
A daily exercise program can help relieve work tension and reduce the chance of heart attacks. True/False
University professors have higher self-esteem that members of virtually any other occupational group. True/False
Most U.S. assembly-line workers say they would prefer to work in small groups and assemble cars as is done in Sweden because the current work arrangement is boring and frustrating.
Medical doctors have higher rates of suicide than members of just about any other occupational group. True/False
Most people who work for the federal government are low risk takers. True/False
Most managers are highly democratic in the way they supervise their people. True/False
Most university professors are not very intelligent but they are highly educated. True/False
What are the differences between the behavioristic and humanistic models of behavior?LO.1
Theory X and Theory Y are popular ways of categorizing managers. Why do you think this is the case? Why does the behavior of a Theory Y manager differ from that of a Theory X manager?LO.1
"She's got a lousy personalityshe'll never get anywhere in this organiza- tion." What does a statement like this really mean? Can you change someone's personality?LO.1
What are four factors that help determine personality? Identify each, indicate the one you believe is most important, and explain why.LO.1
"One of the functions of schooling is socialization." What does this statement mean?LO.1
What are three forms of role conflict? Give an example of each.LO.1
What is the nature of the conflict between personality and organization? Explain.LO.1
How do attitudes relate to perception, learning, and personality? Be complete in your answer.LO.1
Explain what is meant by perceptual selection and organization. Give an example of each.LO.1
Evaluating a subordinate's performance is always a difficult job. One of the barri- ers to objective evaluation is stereotyp- ing. Another problem is the halo effect. What is the reason for each?LO.1
How do your perceptions and attitudes affect your selection of the instructors you take for various courses?LO.1
What are three factors leading to percep- tual difficulty? Give an example of each.LO.1
How does the situation affect perception? Explain.LO.1
What are the three components of atti- tudes? Describe each.LO.1
How would you suggest trying to change someone's attitudes about his or her work? Explain your answer.LO.1
In some circumstances in the past you have taken the lead. True/False
Everyone should place trust in a supernatural force whose decisions he or she always obeys. True/False
You like to perform activities involving selling or salesmanship. True/False
As a rule you assess your previous actions closely. True/False
You often observe those around you to see how your words and actions affect them. True/False
What you earn depends on what you know and how hard you work. True/False
Generally, those in authority do their share of the unpleasant jobs without passing them on to others. True/False
The remedy for social problems depends on eliminating dishonest, immoral, and mentally inferior people. True/False
Most people today earn their pay by their own work. True/False
The lowest type of person is the one who does not love and respect his parents. True/False
There are two kinds of people: the weak and the strong. True/False
You are the kind of person who tends to look into and analyze himself or herself. True/False
Your promotions depend more on whom you know than on how well you do your job. True/False
All children should be taught obedience and respect for authority. True/False
Those who are in public offices usually put their own interest ahead of the public interest. True/False
Many bosses actually deserve lower pay than their employees. True/False
Taking on important responsibilities like starting your own company is something you would like to do. True/False
An insult to your good name should never go unpunished. True/False
In a meeting you will speak up when you disagree with someone you are convinced is wrong. True/False
Thinking about complex problems is enjoyable for you. True/False
Generally, people are well paid for their contributions to society. True/False
It is better to work for a good boss than for yourself. True/False
Many times you would like to know the real reasons why some people behave as they do. True/False
In the long run, we each get what we deserve. True/False
Most organizations believe in paying a fair day's wages for a fair day's work. True/False
Getting ahead is based more on your performance than your politics. True/False
You can't expect to be treated fairly by those above you unless you insist on it. True/False
What is learning? How does your answer relate to organizational behavior?LO.1
What kind of learning curve best describes a student who crams for an exam and does well? How about a student who crams for an exam and does poorly? Explain.LO.1
How does classical conditioning differ from opérant conditioning? Compare and contrast the two.LO.1
How do each of the following learning strategies work: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, extinction, punishment?Describe each.LO.1
How does a combination learning strategy work? Give an example.LO.1
A series of "pop quizzes" during the term is an example of what type of reinforcement schedule? Explain your answer.LO.1
When is a continuous reinforcement schedule most effective? Under what conditions are each of the four types of intermittent reinforcement schedules most effective? Be complete in your answer.LO.1
Are there any rules that are useful in opérant conditioning? State and explain four.LO.1
How are behavior modification programs conducted? Use Figure 4-5 in your description.LO.1
Has behavior modification been used successfully by any organizations? Cite at least three examples.LO.1
Have any criticisms been made of behavior modification? What are they? In your answer, include counterarguments as well.LO.1
What type of combination strategy has Janet used to reduce Mary's dependence on her?Explain your answer.LO.1
What type of ratio schedule did Janet use with Mary last week? Defend your answer.LO.1
If Janet wants to be as effective as possible, what type of ratio schedule should she use with Mary when the latter stops calling on her for help any more? Explain.LO.1
In your own words, how does a behavior modification program work? Be complete in your answer.LO.1
Of what value would such a program be to Metropolitan Hospital? What would it do for the hospital?Give some examples of how it would help.LO.1
Based on what the consultant has told the head of the Personnel Department, how well does his firm understand behavior mod? What problems are they likely to have if they engage this group?Be specific
Andy has come in late for the third day in a row. You talked to him about it yesterday and he promised it would not happen again. It has. True/False
Mary has just submitted a detailed, complex report on time. It looked like she would be late with it, but she stayed at the office until 8 P.M. yesterday to ensure that it got in on time.
Although most salespeople in his region have barely made quota, Paul's sales were 10 percent over quota. This is the third year in a row he has done better than expected. True/False
Usually Eileen does an excellent job. Last week, however, 3 percent of her assembled products were defective. The maximum defective rate is 2 percent. True/False
You were tied up in the president's office and missed a lunch meeting with one of your biggest clients. Your assistant, Jay, realized what was happening and assumed the initiative, taking the client
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