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statistics for experimentert

Questions and Answers of Statistics For Experimentert

The Etruscans. Anthropologists are still trying to unravel the mystery of the origins of the Etruscan empire, a highly advanced Italic civilization formed around the eighth century B.C. in central
Dexamethasone Therapy and IQ. In the paper “Outcomes at School Age after Postnatal Dexamethasone Therapy for Lung Disease of Prematurity” (New England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 350, No. 13, pp.
RBC Transfusions. In the article “Reduction in Red Blood Cells Transfusions Among Preterm Infants: Results of a Randomized Trial With an In-Line Blood Gas and Chemistry Monitor” (Pediatrics, Vol.
Simulation. Use the technology of your choice to conduct the simulation discussed in Example 11.13 on page 552.
Elmendorf Tear Strength. Refer to Example 11.14 on pages 554–555. Use Table VIII to show that the P-value for the hypothesis test exceeds 0.20.
use and understand the formulas in this chapter.
state the basic properties of χ2-curves.
use the chi-square table, Table VII.
perform a hypothesis test for a population standard deviation when the variable under consideration is normally distributed.
obtain a confidence interval for a population standard deviation when the variable under consideration is normally distributed.
state the basic properties of F-curves.
apply the reciprocal property of F-curves.
use the F-table, Table VIII.
perform a hypothesis test to compare two population standard deviations when the variable under consideration is normally distributed on both populations.
find a confidence interval for the ratio of two population standard deviations when the variable under consideration is normally distributed on both populations.
The two χ2-values that divide the area under the curve into a middle 0.95 area and two outside 0.025 areas
Intelligence Quotients. IQs measured on the Weschlerrevised Intelligence Scale for children are supposed to have a standard deviation of 5 points. Twenty–five randomly selected children were given
Bouncing Blocks. Researcher P. Paronuzzi modeled the effects of a rock wall collapsing on a slope in the article “Rockfall-Induced Block Propagation on a Soil Slope, Northern Italy”
Skinfold Thickness. A study entitled “Body Composition of Elite Class Distance Runners” was conducted by M. Pollock et al. to decide whether elite distance runners are thinner than other
Laughter. The effect of laughter was studied in the article“Energy Expenditure of Genuine Laughter” (International Journal of Obesity, Vol. 31, pp. 131–137) by M. Buchowski et al. Subjects were
Body Mass Index. Body mass index (BMI) is a measure of body fat based on height and weight. According to the document Dietary Guidelines for Americans published by the U.S. Department of Agriculture
Body Mass Index. Refer to Problem 21, and find a 95% confidence interval for the standard deviation of BMIs for all U.S. adults.
Gender and Direction. In the paper “The Relation of Sex and Sense of Direction to Spatial Orientation in an Unfamiliar Environment” (Journal of Environmental Psychology, Vol. 20, pp. 17–28), J.
Microwave Popcorn. Two brands of microwave popcorn, which we will call Brand A and Brand B, were compared for consistency in popping time. The popping times, in seconds, for 30 bags of each brand are
This exercise involves the use of an unrealistically small population to provide a concrete illustration for the exact distribution of a sample proportion. A population consists of three men and two
Repeat parts (b)–(e) of Exercise 12.9 for samples of size 1.
Repeat parts (b)–(e) of Exercise 12.9 for samples of size 3.(There are 10 possible samples.)
Repeat parts (b)–(e) of Exercise 12.9 for samples of size 4.(There are five possible samples.)
Repeat parts (b)–(e) of Exercise 12.9 for samples of size 5.
Prerequisite to this exercise are Exercises 12.9–12.13. What do your graphs in parts (c) of those exercises illustrate about the impact of increasing sample size on sampling error? Explain your
Man of the Tournament. From the Wikipedia page “Cricket World Cup awards,” we found that since 1975, 40% of the ‘Man of the Final Match’ award has been won by the Australian Cricket Team.a.
Staying Single. From the U.S. Census Bureau document America’s Families and Living Arrangements and an article in Time magazine, we found that, in 1963, 83.0% of American women between the ages of
Trustworthy. A certain poll asked Americans how many of the stated 19 companies are honest and trustworthy. Of 2,250 respondents, 49% said “None of the above”.a. Determine the margin of error for
Genetic Binge Eating. According to an article in Science News, binge eating has been associated with a mutation of the gene for a brain protein called melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R). In one study, F.
In a trial of 280 patients who received 10 mg doses of a drug daily, 42 reported a headache as a side effect. Use the information above to complete parts (a) through (c).a. Verify that the
Solar Energy. America has been working towards harnessing the power of the sun to help supplement our dependence on fossil fuels since the early 20th century. A Harris Poll of 2,205 U.S. adults was
Asthmatics and Sulfites. In the article “Explaining an Unusual Allergy,” appearing on the Everyday Health Network, Dr. A. Feldweg explained that allergy to sulfites is usually seen in patients
Christmas Drink. In a 2014 nationwide Harris Poll survey about beverage preferences, 1951 American adults were asked about their preferred beverages during different holidays throughout the year.
Factory Farming Funk. During one year, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reported that concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) dump 2 trillion pounds of waste into the environment
The Nipah Virus. During one year, Malaysia was the site of an encephalitis outbreak caused by the Nipah virus, a paramyxovirus that appears to spread from pigs to workers on pig farms. As reported by
Literate Adults. Suppose that you have been hired to estimate the percentage of adults in your state who are literate. You take a random sample of 100 adults and find that 96 are literate. You then
IMR in Singapore. The infant mortality rate (IMR) is the number of infant deaths per 1000 live births. Suppose that you have been commissioned to estimate the IMR in Singapore. From a random sample
Bank Breakup. In a nationwide survey, conducted by Pulse Opinion Research, LLC for Rasmussen Reports, a sample of American adults were asked whether they favor a plan to break up the 12 megabanks,
Online Tax Returns. According to the Internal Revenue Service, among people entitled to tax refunds, those who file online receive their refunds twice as fast as paper filers. A study conducted by
Asthmatics and Sulfites. Refer to Exercise 12.51.a. Determine the margin of error for the estimate of p.b. Obtain a sample size that will ensure a margin of error of at most 0.01 for a 95% confidence
Christmas Drink. Refer to Exercise 12.52.a. Find the margin of error for the estimate of p.b. Obtain a sample size that will ensure a margin of error of at most 0.02 for a 95% confidence interval
Factory Farming Funk. Refer to Exercise 12.53.a. Find the margin of error for the estimate of the percentage.b. Obtain a sample size that will ensure a margin of error of at most 1.5 percentage
The Nipah Virus. Refer to Exercise 12.54.a. Find the margin of error for the estimate of the percentage.b. Obtain a sample size that will ensure a margin of error of at most 5 percentage points for a
Product Response Rate. A company manufactures goods that are sold exclusively by mail order. The director of market research needed to test market a new product. She planned to send brochures to a
Indicted Governor. On Thursday, June 13, 1996, thenArizona Governor Fife Symington was indicted on 23 counts of fraud and extortion. Just hours after the federal prosecutors announced the indictment,
President’s Job Rating. A poll conducted by Gallup in December 2013 asked a sample of American adults whether they approved of the way President Obama was doing his job; 42% said yes, with a margin
In discussing the sample size required for obtaining a confidence interval with a prescribed confidence level and margin of error, we made the following statement: “. . . we should be aware that,
Working with Millions. A poll by Gallup asked, “If you won 10 million dollars in the lottery, would you continue to work or stop working?” Of the 1039 American adults surveyed, 707 said that they
Federal Income Tax. A telephonic poll regarding the amount of federal income tax paid was conducted. From a sample of 1026 adults of 30–45 years, 534 said that the amount was too high.Determine a
Breast-Feeding. In a New York Times article “More Mothers Breast-Feed, in First Months at Least,” G. Harris reported that 77%of new mothers breast-feed their infants at least briefly, the highest
Offshore Drilling. In the February 2013 article “Offshore Drilling Support High as Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Trial Opens,”E. Swanson reported on a HuffPost and YouGov poll that asked Americans
According to a survey of 750 Web users from Generation Y, 450 reported using the Internet to download music.a. Determine the sample proportion.b. At the 1% significance level, do the data provide
Gap Between Rich and Poor. In an online survey, a sample of 1012 adults were asked for their opinion on whether it was more important to have government policies to help grow the economy and increase
According to a publication, 14.8% of 18 to 25-year-olds were users of marijuana in 2000. A recent poll of 1297 randomly selected 18 to 25-year-olds revealed that 224 currently use marijuana. At the
Families in Poverty. In 2012, 32.7% of all families in a particular country had incomes below the poverty level. During that same year, of 400 randomly selected M-city families, 110 had incomes below
Labor Union Support. Labor Day was created by the U.S. labor movement over 100 years ago. It was subsequently adopted by most states as an official holiday. In a poll by Gallup, 1003 randomly
An Edge in Roulette? Of the 37 numbers on a European roulette wheel, 18 are red, 18 are black, and 1 is green. If the wheel is balanced, the probability of the ball landing on red is 18/37 = 0.487.A
Economic Stimulus. In a national poll, 1053 U.S. adults were asked, “As you may know, Congress is considering a new economic stimulus package of at least 800 billion dollars. Do you favor or oppose
Delayed Perinatal Stroke. In the article “Prothrombotic Factors in Children With Stroke or Porencephaly” (Pediatrics Journal, Vol. 116, Issue 2, pp. 447–453), J. Lynch et al. compared
Happy Children. A Harris Poll revealed that of 2241 sampled American parents, 53.0% secondary-school children’s parents reported that their children had 20 hours of weekly free time. These parents
Drowning Deaths. In the article “Drowning Deaths of Zero to Five Year Old Children in Victorian Dams, 1989–2001” (Australian Journal of Rural Health, Vol. 13, Issue 5, pp. 300–308), L. Bugeja
Kids Attending Church. In an ABC Global Kids Study, conducted by Roper Starch Worldwide, Inc., estimates were made in various countries of the percentage of children who attend church at least once a
Sunscreen Use. Industry Research polled teenagers on sunscreen use. The survey revealed that 46% of teenage girls and 30% of teenage boys regularly use sunscreen before going out in the sun.a.
Vasectomies and Prostate Cancer. In the United States, approximately 450,000 vasectomies are performed each year. In this surgical procedure for contraception, the tube carrying sperm from the
Folic Acid and Birth Defects. For several years, evidence had been mounting that folic acid reduces major birth defects.A. Czeizel and I. Dudas of the National Institute of Hygiene in Budapest
A survey of 420 workers showed that 104 said it was unethical to monitor employee e-mail. When 150 senior-level bosses were surveyed, 34 said it was unethical to monitor employee e-mail. At the 1%
Helmet. In a survey about the use of helmets while riding motorbikes in a developing Asian city, out of 12,744 male drivers, 5683 had not been using a helmet, whereas 2,651 of 6,183 female drivers
Belief in God. A poll was conducted on belief in God, which concluded that U.S. teens believe in God, heaven, and angels more than U.S. adults. The following problem is based on the results of the
Body Mass Index. Body mass index (BMI) is a measure of body fat based on height and weight. According to the document Dietary Guidelines for Americans, published by the U.S. Department of Agriculture
Vasectomies and Prostate Cancer. Refer to Exercise 12.106 and determine and interpret a 98% confidence interval for the difference between the prostate cancer rates of men who have had a vasectomy
Folic Acid and Birth Defects. Refer to Exercise 12.107 and determine and interpret a 98% confidence interval for the difference between the rates of major birth defects for babies born to women who
Racial Crossover. Refer to Exercise 12.108 and find and interpret a 95% confidence interval for the difference between the stroke incidences of white and African-American elderly.
Helmet. Refer to Exercise 12.109 and find and interpret a 99% confidence interval for the difference between the proportions of drivers not using helmet while riding motorcycle in male and female.
Belief in God. Refer to Exercise 12.110 and find and interpret a 98% confidence interval for the difference between the percentages of teens and adults who believe in God.
Body Mass Index. Refer to Exercise 12.111 and find and interpret a 90% confidence interval for the difference between the percentages of adults in the two degree categories who have an above healthy
Hormone Therapy and Dementia. An issue of Science News (Vol. 163, No. 22, pp. 341–342) reported that the Women’s Health Initiative cast doubts on the benefit of hormone-replacement therapy.
Women in the Labor Force. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) summarizes data on labor-force participation rates in OECD in Figures. Independent simple random samples
Is College Worth It? In the New York Times article “College Graduates Fare Well in Jobs Market, Even through Recession,”C. Rampell noted that college graduates have suffered through the recession
Confidence in Banks. Since 1973, Gallup has asked Americans how much confidence they have in a variety of U.S. institutions.One question asked of those polled is whether they have a great deal of
Unemployment Rates. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) conducts studies on unemployment rates by country and publishes its findings in the document Main Economic
Federal Gas Tax. The Quinnipiac University Poll conducts nationwide surveys as a public service and for research. In one poll, participants were asked whether they thought eliminating the federal gas
Blockers and Cancer. A Wall Street Journal article, titled“Hypertension Drug Linked to Cancer,” reported on a study of several types of high-blood-pressure drugs and links to cancer. For one
examine the margin of error and sample size for estimating the difference between two population proportions. 12.132 Obtain a formula for the margin of error, E, in estimating the difference between
Use your result from Exercise 12.132 to show that a (1 − α)-level confidence interval for the difference between two population proportions that has a margin of error of at most E can be obtained
Suppose that you can make reasonably good educated guesses, pˆ1g and pˆ2g, for the observed values of pˆ1 and pˆ2.a. Use your result from Exercise 12.132 to show that a (1 − α)-level
Eating Out Vegetarian. Refer to the study on ordering vegetarian considered in Examples 12.8–12.10.a. Obtain the margin of error for the estimate of the difference between the proportions of men
Eating Out Vegetarian. Refer to the study on ordering vegetarian considered in Examples 12.8–12.10.a. Without making a guess for the observed values of the sample proportions, find the common
Eating Out Vegetarian. Repeat Exercise 12.136 by applying the formula in Exercise 12.134(a) if you can reasonably presume that at most 41% of the men sampled and at most 49% of the women sampled will
use and understand the formulas in this chapter.
determine a large-sample confidence interval for a population proportion.
compute the margin of error for the estimate of a population proportion.
understand the relationship between the sample size, confidence level, and margin of error for a confidence interval for a population proportion.
determine the sample size required for a specified confidence level and margin of error for the estimate of a population proportion.
perform a large-sample hypothesis test for a population proportion.
perform large-sample inferences (hypothesis tests and confidence intervals) to compare two population proportions.

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