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statistics for experimentert
Questions and Answers of
Statistics For Experimentert
Best Age. In a psychological survey about people’s perception of the best age to be, 2000 adults from various age groups were asked what they thought the best age to be was. With an average
Belmont Stakes. The Belmont Stakes is the third leg, after the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes, of the Triple Crown of thoroughbred horseracing. The morning-line betting odds of the two
Cursing Your Computer. A study was conducted by the firm Coleman & Associates, Inc. to determine who curses at their computer. The results, which appeared in USA TODAY, indicated that 46% of people
Lightning Casualties. An issue of Travel + Leisure Golf magazine reported several facts about lightning. Here are three of them.The odds of an individual being struck by lightning in a year in the
Construct a Venn diagram representing the eventa. (not E).b. (A or B).
Construct a Venn diagram representing the eventa. (A & B).b. (A & B & C).
Construct a Venn diagram representing the eventa. (A or B or C).b. ((not A) & B).
Construct a Venn diagram representing the eventa. (not (A & B)).b. (A or (not B)) & (not (A & B)).
Consider the set consisting of the first 20 positive whole numbers (i.e., 1−20). Determine explicitly the numbers in the set that satisfy each of the following conditions:a. at least 11b. at most
What does it mean for two events to be mutually exclusive?
What does it mean for three events to be mutually exclusive?
Answer true or false to the following statement and justify your answer: If event A and event B are not mutually exclusive, neither are events A, B, and C for every event C.
Answer true or false to the following statement and justify your answer: If event A and event B are mutually exclusive, so are events A, B, and C for every event C.
Draw a Venn diagram portraying four mutually exclusive events.Applying the Concepts and Skills
Dice. When one die is rolled, the following six outcomes are possible:List the outcomes constituting A = event the die comes up even, B = event the die comes up 4 or more, C = event the die comes up
Colorful Candies. A single packet of candies contains 6 candy colors within it. The distribution of the colors in a packet of 100 candies is as given in the following table.Color Red Yellow Blue
A committee consists of five executives, three women and two men. Their names are Sarah (S), Robert (R), Francisca (F), Gary (G), and Holly (H). The committee needs to select a chairperson and a
Coin Tossing. When a dime is tossed four times, there are the following 16 possible outcomes.HHHH HTHH THHH TTHH HHHT HTHT THHT TTHT HHTH HTTH THTH TTTH HHTT HTTT THTT TTTT Here, for example, HTTH
Refer to Exercise 4.53. List the outcomes that constitute each of the following events where A = event the die comes up even B = event the die comes up 5 or more C = event the die comes up at most
Horse Racing. Refer to Exercise 4.54. For each of the following events, list the outcomes that constitute the event and describe the event in words.a. (not C)b. (C & D)c. (A or C)
Committee Selection. Refer to Exercise 4.55. For each of the following events, list the outcomes that constitute the event, and describe the event in words.a. (not A)b. (B & D)c. (B or C)
Coin Tossing. Refer to Exercise 4.56. For each of the following events, list the outcomes that constitute the event, and describe the event in words.a. (not B)b. (A & B)c. (C or D)
The following frequency distribution provides a certain condition prevalence frequency distribution for 63 regions.Condition (%) Frequency 4–under 5 8 5–under 6 10 6–under 7 18 7–under 8 13
Water Consumption. In the 2008 report entitled “Water Poverty in Urban India: A Study of Major Cities” by Abdul Shaban, water consumption in domestic households of major Indian cities has been
World Series. The World Series in baseball is won by the first team to win four games (ignoring the 1903 and 1919–1921 World Series, when it was a best of nine). Thus it takes at least four games
NBA Finals. The NBA Finals of basketball is played in a best of seven series. The number of games necessary to decide a winner can range from four to seven. Wikipedia lists the NBA Finals winners and
The following table provides a frequency distribution for the number of rooms in this country’s housing units. The frequencies are in thousands.Rooms No. of units 1 570 2 1,424 3 10,949 4 23,362 5
Protecting the Environment. A survey was conducted in Canada to ascertain public opinion about a major national park region in the Banff-Bow Valley. One question asked the amount that respondents
Dice. Refer to Exercise 4.53.a. Are events A and B mutually exclusive?b. Are events B and C mutually exclusive?c. Are events A, C, and D mutually exclusive?d. Are there three mutually exclusive
Colorful Candies. Each part of this exercise contains events from Exercise 4.54. In each case, decide whether the events are mutually exclusive.a. A and Bb. B and Cc. A, B, and Cd. A, B, and De. A,
Housing Units. Refer to Exercise 4.65. Among the events A, B, C, and D, identify the collections of events that are mutually exclusive.
Protecting the Environment. Refer to Exercise 4.66. Among the events A, B, C, and D, identify the collections of events that are mutually exclusive.
Let A, B, and C be events of a sample space. Complete the following table.Event Description(A & B) Both A and B occur At least one of A and B occurs(A & (not B))Neither A nor B occur(A or B or C)All
Playing Cards. An ordinary deck of playing cards has 52 cards. There are four suits—spades, hearts, diamonds, and clubs—with 13 cards in each suit. Spades and clubs are black; hearts and diamonds
Poker Chips. A bowl contains 12 poker chips—3 red, 4 white, and 5 blue. One of these poker chips is selected at random from the bowl. Let B denote the event that the chip selected is blue. Find the
Suppose that A and B are events such that P(A) = 1/6, P(A or B) = 1/4, and P(A & B) = 1/15.a. Find P(B).b. Are events A and B mutually exclusive? Explain your answer.
Suppose that A and B are events such that P(A) = 1/4, P(B) = 1/3, and P(A or B) = 1/2.a. Are events A and B mutually exclusive? Explain your answer.b. Find P(A & B).Applying the Concepts and Skills
Ages of Senators. According to the Congressional Directory, the official directory of the U.S. Congress, prepared by the Joint Committee on Printing, the age distribution for senators in the U.S.
Labor Force Participation. The Government of Sri Lanka issues a report every year on the basis of its labor force survey. These surveys are available on their official Website statistics.gov.lk.
Murder Weapons. The following probability model shows the distribution of murders by type of weapon for murder cases in a particular country over the past 12 years.Weapon Probability Gun 0.667 Knife
Internet Access. From the document “Computer and Internet Use in the United States: Population Characteristics” (Current Population Survey) by T. File, we obtained the following percentage
Religion in a country. According to a national survey in a certain country, the distribution of religious affiliation among adults in that country is as shown in the accompanying table.Affiliation
Ages of Senators. Refer to Exercise 4.87. Use the complementation rule to find the probability that a randomly selected U.S. senator isa. 50 years old or older.b. under 70 years old.
Sales Tax Receipts. Refer to Exercise 4.88. Use the complementation rule to find the probability that one of these Type 4A development corporations selected at random has receiptsa. of at least
Student Debt. The Association of American Universities published a report titled “Looking More Closely at Student Debt.” This report explores the issue about the cost of a college education and
Naturalization. The U.S. Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services collects and reports information about naturalized persons in Statistical Yearbook. Following is an age distribution for
Gender and Divorce. According to America’s Families and Living Arrangements, published by the U.S. Census Bureau, 51.5%of U.S. adults are female, 10.4% of U.S. adults are divorced, and 6.0% of U.S.
School Enrollment. The National Center for Education Statistics publishes information about school enrollment in Digest of Education Statistics. According to that document, 85.3% of students attend
Smart Phones. A survey in a certain city revealed that people have smart phones of three major companies, Apple, HTC and Nokia. Circulation information indicates that 56.0% of people have Apple
General Addition Rule Extended. The general addition rule for two events is presented in Formula 4.3 on page 197 and that for three events is displayed on page 199.a. Verify the general addition rule
Give an example ofa. univariate data.b. bivariate data.In each of Exercises 4.107–4.110,a. fill in the missing entries in the contingency table.b. determine P(C1), P(R2), and P(C1 & R2).c.
New England Patriots. From the National Football League (NFL) Web site, in the New England Patriots Roster, we obtained information on the weights and years of experience for the players on that
Motor Vehicle Use. The Federal Highway Administration compiles information on motor vehicle use around the globe and publishes its findings in Highway Statistics. Following is a contingency table for
Naval Classifications. The U.S. Department of Defense collects various data on military personnel. The following contingency table provides a joint frequency distribution for marital status and pay
Farms. The U.S. Department of Agriculture publishes information about U.S. farms in Census of Agriculture. A joint frequency distribution for number of farms, by acreage and tenure of operator, is
Field Trips. P. Li et al. analyzed existing problems in teaching geography in rural counties in the article “Geography Education in Rural Tennessee Counties” (Geography, Vol. 88, No. 1, pp.
Fear of Gangs. In the article “Growing Pains and Fear of Gangs” (Applied Psychology in Criminal Justice, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 139–164), B. Brown and W. Benedict examined the relationship between
New England Patriots. Refer to Exercise 4.111.a. For a randomly selected player on the New England Patriots, describe the events Y3, W2, and (W1 & Y2) in words.b. Compute the probability of each
Motor Vehicle Use. Refer to Exercise 4.112.a. For a randomly selected vehicle, describe the events C1, V3, and (C1 & V3) in words.b. Compute the probability of each event in part (a).c. Compute P(C1
Naval Classifications. Refer to Exercise 4.113. An active Naval military personnel during the year in question is selected at random.a. Use the letters in the margins of the contingency table to
Farms. Refer to Exercise 4.114. A U.S. farm is selected at random.a. Use the letters in the margins of the contingency table to represent each of the following three events: The farm obtained (i) has
What does the general addition rule (Formula 4.3 on page 197)mean in the context of the probabilities in a joint probability distribution?
In this exercise, you are asked to verify that the sum of the joint probabilities in a row or column of a joint probability distribution equals the marginal probability in that row or column.
Give an example of the conditional probability of an event being the same as the unconditional probability of the event. (Hint: Consider the experiment of tossing a coin twice.)
Suppose that A and B are events such that P(A) = 2/11 and P(A & B) = 7/52. Determine P(B | A).In each of Exercises 4.130–4.133, we have presented either a contingency table or a joint probability
Binary Digit. Any value entered in the computer is converted first to it binary equivalent. The four possible equally likely outcomes for a two binary digit are 00, 01, 10, 11. Let A = event the
Playing Cards. One card is selected at random from an ordinary deck of 52 playing cards. Let A = event a face card is selected, B = event a king is selected, and C = event a heart is selected.Find
State Populations. From Infoplease, we obtained data on state population from which we constructed the following frequency distribution.Population size(millions) Frequency Under 1 6 1–under 2 8
Housing Units. A government bureau in a certain country publishes data on housing units in a survey. The accompanying table provides a frequency distribution for the number of rooms in housing units.
Unemployment. In the Sri Lankan Government’s 2013 Labor Force Survey report, found on statistics.gov.lk, the percentage distribution of economically inactive population in Sri Lanka has been
New England Patriots. From the National Football League(NFL) Web site, in the New England Patriots Roster, we obtained information on the weights and years of experience for the players on that team,
Acclaim or Attack. In the article “A Functional Analysis Comparison of Web-Only Advertisements and Traditional Television Advertisements from the 2004 and 2008 Presidential Campaigns”(Journalism
Self-Concept and Sightedness. Self-concept can be defined as the general view of oneself in terms of personal value and capabilities. A study of whether visual impairment affects self-concept was
Living Arrangements. As reported by the U.S. Census Bureau in America’s Families and Living Arrangements, the living arrangements by age of U.S. citizens 15 years of age and older are as shown in
Smartphone Ownership. From the document Smartphone Ownership by the Pew Research Center and the document Current Population Survey by the U.S. Census Bureau, we constructed the following joint
HPV Vaccine. In the article “Correlates for Completion of 3-dose Regimen of HPV Vaccine in Female Members of a Managed Care Organization” (Mayo Clinical Proceedings, Vol. 84. pp. 864–870), C.
Dentist Visits. The National Center for Health Statistics publishes information about visits to the dentist in National Health Interview Survey. Here is a joint probability distribution for the
Scientists and Engineers. The U.S. National Science Foundation collects data on science and engineering (S&E) degrees awarded and publishes the results in Science and Engineering Degrees. During one
S&E Degrees. A national science foundation in a certain country collects data on science and engineering (S&E) degrees awarded and publishes the results in a journal. During one year, 77.4% of S&E
National Guard. The U.S. Department of Defense collects data on active members in the National Guard. Results are published in Selected Manpower Statistics. According to that document, 77.0%of
Physician Characteristics. The Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) compiles data on active U.S. physicians and publishes its results in the Physician Specialty Data Book.From that
Dice. Three balanced dice are thrown. What is the probability that one die comes up with 1, given that thea. remaining two dice come up 3 and 5?b. sum of the dice is 7?c. sum of the dice is 15?
Colorful Candies. A single packet of candies contains 100 candies of 4 colors each, yellow, blue, red and green, all in equal numbers. Assuming that 1 candy is picked at a time and the first picked
New England Patriots. Refer to Exercise 4.139.a. Construct a joint probability distribution.b. Determine the probability distribution of weight for rookies; that is, construct a table showing the
Drugs and Car Accidents. Suppose that it has been determined that “one-fourth of drivers at fault in a car accident use a certain drug.”a. Explain in words what it means to say that being the
Suppose P(A) = 0.6 and P(B | A) = 0.4. Find P(A & B).
Suppose P(C) = 0.3 and P(D |C) = 0.8. Find P(C & D).
Suppose P(C) = 1/4 and P(D |C) = 4/5. Find P(C & D).
Suppose P(A) = 7/8 and P(B | A) = 5/7. Find P(A & B).
Suppose that A, B, and C are independent events such that P(A) = 0.9, P(B) = 0.3, and P(C) = 0.7. Find P(A & B & C).
Suppose that C, D, and E are independent events such that P(C) = 3/7, P(D) = 5/11, and P(E) = 5/7. Find P(C & D & E).Applying the Concepts and Skills
Holiday Depression. According to the Opinion Research Corporation, 44% of U.S. women suffer from holiday depression, and, from the U.S. Census Bureau’s Current Population Reports, 52% of U.S.
Addiction Medicine. The report “Addiction Medicine: Closing the Gap between Science and Practice” from the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University reveals that
ESP experiment. A person has agreed to participate in an extrasensory perception (ESP) experiment. He is asked to randomly pick two numbers between 0 and 9, inclusive. The second number must be
Colorful Candies. A single packet of candies contains 100 candies of 4 colors each, yellow, blue, red and green, all equal in number. A blindfolded person selects two successive candies without
Class Levels. A frequency distribution for the class level of students in Professor Weiss’s introductory statistics course is as follows.Class Frequency Freshman 6 Sophomore 15 Junior 12 Senior 7
Gender. The Indian Ministry of Labor & Employment publishes data on the national employment-unemployment scenario among different social groups. Based on that document for 2013−2014, we obtained
Medical School Faculty. The Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) compiles data on medical school faculty and publishes the results in AAMC Faculty Roster. The following contingency table
Injured Americans. The National Center for Health Statistics compiles data on injuries and publishes the information in Vital and Health Statistics. A contingency table for injuries in the United
U.S. Congress. The U.S. Congress, Joint Committee on Printing, provides information on the composition of Congress in Congressional Directory. Here is a joint probability distribution for the members
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