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business
understanding management

Questions and Answers of Understanding Management

Review the recruitment and selection processes in Table 8–2 and identify the values emphasized in each model. How would you improve these processes?AppendixLO1
Describe the concept and importance of test validation and three validation strategies. How have affirmative action and advocates of social equity and individual rights advanced the importance of
Describe the differences between political and administrative viewpoints.AppendixLO1
Describe how a market-based perspective differs from that of elected officials and public administrators.AppendixLO1
Describe the concept of the psychological contract and how it can be used to clarify relationships.AppendixLO1
Describe the basic components of equity and expectancy theory.AppendixLO1
Describe the ways in which elected officials, managers, and personnel specialists affect an employee’s motivation to perform.AppendixLO1
Discuss the meaning of “spirituality at work.”AppendixLO1
Describe the ways that elected officials, managers, and personnel specialists affect an employee’s ability to perform.AppendixLO1
Identify four innovations to enhance productivity: total quality management, job enrichment, work-life balance, and teamwork.AppendixLO1
Identify the differences between political and administrative logic and give examples of each. How important do you think these differences are when it comes to understanding the ways that elected
Describe the concept of the psychological contract and identify a situation you are familiar with where it might be employed to help clarify and resolve differences.AppendixLO1
Describe the basic components of equity and expectancy theory. How do they help to explain employee performance? Identify an example from your own life where equity theory or expectancy theory helps
Describe the ways that elected officials, managers, and personnel specialists affect an employee’s motivation to perform.AppendixLO1
Describe the ways that elected officials, managers, and personnel specialists affect an employee’s ability to perform.AppendixLO1
How do you think a public employer should regard the issue of spirituality in the workplace? Is it an asset to be explored? Or is it a topic best left undiscussed?AppendixLO1
Describe four approaches to productivity: total quality management, job enrichment, work/life balance, and teamwork. Select an organization you are familiar with. If you were responsible for charting
Select one or more jobs you are familiar with. Pick from those that you think are very satisfying and rewarding to perform and those that are not.What lessons do you take from this
Identify the relationship between training and strategic planning.AppendixLO1
Distinguish between training, education, and staff development as part of the development function.AppendixLO1
Identify issues and methods associated with developing the organization as a whole, new employees, and existing employees.AppendixLO1
Identify and briefly describe the three roles of the human resources development specialist.AppendixLO1
Briefly describe training needs assessment, design, and evaluation.AppendixLO1
Discuss the way the development function is viewed from the perspective of alternative personnel systems.AppendixLO1
Discuss the role that professional associations play in the training and development process.AppendixLO1
Identify the relationship between training and strategic planning. Can you give an example from an organization you are familiar with that illustrates how training is or should be connected to
Of the issues and methods associated with developing the organization and training new and existing employees, which should be paid more attention to in an organization you are familiar with? Why?
Distinguish between training, education, and staff development as part of the development function.AppendixLO1
Identify and briefly describe the three roles of the human resource development specialist. Which of these roles or activities do you think general managers should be able to perform?AppendixLO1
Briefly describe training needs assessment, design, and evaluation.AppendixLO1
Discuss the way the development function is viewed from the perspectives of alternative personnel systems.AppendixLO1
Briefly discuss the role and value of professional associations in the training and development of public sector employees.AppendixLO1
Clarify the goals of performance appraisal.AppendixLO1
Describe the role of appraisal in different personnel systems.AppendixLO1
Identify contemporary work trends and their challenges to the appraisal function.AppendixLO1
Differentiate between performance-based and person-based performance evaluation criteria.AppendixLO1
Distinguish among seven performance appraisal methods; and discuss the comparative validity, reliability, and cost.AppendixLO1
Discuss the tension between traditional supervisory evaluation and alternatives(self-, peer, and 360-degree evaluation).AppendixLO1
Describe the characteristics of an effective rating system.AppendixLO1
Describe the human dynamics of the appraisal process, including the supervisor’s motivation to assess the performance of subordinates.AppendixLO1
Describe the relationship of performance appraisal to the sanction function and particularly its role in creating a sense of fairness in an organization.AppendixLO1
Describe four operational functions of a performance appraisal system. Do you think all four can be accomplished with one appraisal method? Are the four functions complementary?AppendixLO1
Why is performance appraisal associated most closely with civil service systems? How has it contributed to public perceptions that civil service systems are inefficient or ineffective, in comparison
Identify the contemporary challenges to performance appraisal. How is the tension between administrative efficiency and individual rights reflected in the appraisal function?AppendixLO1
Draw up a list of pros and cons for person-based and performance-based rating systems.AppendixLO1
Identify the six characteristics of an effective rating system. Which of the six do you believe are the more difficult to implement?AppendixLO1
Utilize an expectancy theory perspective and analyze the motivation of supervisors to rate the performance of subordinates honestly and accurately.AppendixLO1
Some research shows that fairness in performance appraisal leads to positive employee behavior, commitment, and satisfaction. Fairness is associated with formality, due process, rules, and
Discuss the legal framework of safety and health protection for U.S. workers.AppendixLO1
Summarize personnel policies and programs that increase workplace health and safety.AppendixLO1
Discuss what HR managers can do to reduce or respond to workplace violence.AppendixLO1
Discuss the HR role in more disaster preparedness.AppendixLO1
Assess the impact of tobacco, alcohol, and illegal drugs on the workplace.AppendixLO1
Discuss the impact of life-threatening diseases on personnel policy.AppendixLO1
Describe the role of employee wellness programs as an organizational response to workplace health and safety issues.AppendixLO1
Show how HR managers balance employers’ concerns for productivity and cost containment with employees’ concerns for job rights, privacy, and healthcare.AppendixLO1
What is the relationship between employee health and productivity?AppendixLO1
What is the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)? What does it require of employers?AppendixLO1
What can personnel directors do to improve workplace health and safety?AppendixLO1
What can employers do to reduce or respond to workplace violence, and to more generalized dangers such as natural disasters or terrorist incidents?AppendixLO1
How does employee substance abuse affect productivity, liability, and risk management?AppendixLO1
What policies and programs have employers adopted to combat workplace substance abuse?AppendixLO1
Why is AIDS a workplace health issue for public agencies? For healthcare employers?AppendixLO1
What are employee wellness programs (EAPs)?AppendixLO1
What dilemmas do public personnel directors face in designing selection, development, and disciplinary action policies and procedures that balance agency concerns for productivity with employee
Define the sanction function.AppendixLO1
Identify the ways an organization establishes and maintains the terms of the employment relationship between employee and employer.AppendixLO1
Describe the ways different personnel systems view the sanction function.AppendixLO1
Discuss the balance the Court examines when deciding whether a public employer has violated an employee’s constitutional rights to free speech, freedom of association, or privacy rights.AppendixLO1
Describe the role of property rights and due process in establishing and maintaining the terms of the employment relationship.AppendixLO1
Define the concept of organizational citizenship and relate it to employee perceptions of fairness.AppendixLO1
Discuss how discipline and grievance procedures are connected to the sanction function.AppendixLO1
Diagram a typical disciplinary procedure and describe various steps in a grievance procedure.AppendixLO1
Define the terms reasonable accommodation and undue hardship in the Americans with Disabilities Act and show the value conflict implied in these terms.AppendixLO1
Describe how modern technology raises privacy concerns.AppendixLO1
Describe the rights of employees who have been sexually harassed or who are considered whistleblowers.AppendixLO1
Discuss the transition from sovereign immunity to qualified immunity for public employees.AppendixLO1
Define the sanction function, and identify the ways an organization establishes and maintains the terms of the employment relationship between employee and employer.AppendixLO1
Public employees are granted more rights than private sector employees.Why is this so? Give some examples of rights public employees have that employees in other sectors might not have. Do you think
How does the sanction function differ in alternate personnel systems?AppendixLO1
Discuss the balance the Supreme Court examines when deciding whether a public employer has violated an employee’s First Amendment right to free speech. Why do public employees have a right to free
Do you agree with all the provisions of the Fourth Amendment? Do you agree that public employers ought to be able to conduct drug screens of their employees? If you answer “yes” to both
Why do you think the Supreme Court considers a person’s job as property? Describe the role of property rights and due process in establishing and maintaining the terms of the employment
Is it useful to consider employees as organizational citizens? If so, what expectations might they hold of their employer? What expectations might the employer have of them in return? Today, it is
Some have argued that democratic values must be practiced in order to be learned. If democratic values were practiced in organizations, how would the relationship between employee and employer
Discuss how discipline and grievance procedures are connected to the sanction function.AppendixLO1
Diagram a typical disciplinary procedure.AppendixLO1
Are the interests of employee and employer the same in establishing a grievance procedure? Construct a model grievance procedure from the employee’s standpoint. Construct it now from the
What rights does the ADA give to employees, and how does it balance those rights with the employer’s interests?AppendixLO1
How has modern technology in the workplace raised new privacy concerns? What do you think is a reasonable approach to an employer having access to an employee’s e-mail? To Internet sites visited?
Describe the rights of employees who have been sexually harassed or who are considered whistleblowers.AppendixLO1
What relationship do you see between organizational justice, productivity, and workforce diversity?AppendixLO1
Use the various court cases described in the chapter to show how the courts reach a balance among the four values. How does an administrator’s understanding of legal reasoning regarding the four
Discuss the history and legal basis of collective bargaining, focusing on differences between the public and private sectors, and between the United States and other countries.AppendixLO1
Explain the connection between public agencies’ legal obligation to protect employees’ constitutional rights in the United States, and unions’ in their members’ individual rights as
Describe collective bargaining practices: unit determination, recognition and certification, preparation for negotiation, contract negotiation, contract ratification, and contract
Discuss the future of public sector labor relations in terms of partnerships, gain sharing, and alternative dispute resolution.AppendixLO1
Identify how the value issues underlying contemporary human resources management might affect the future of the field.AppendixLO1
Identify contemporary and future issues regarding the PADS functions.AppendixLO1
Why is the history of collective bargaining in the public sector different from that in the private sector?AppendixLO1

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