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mathematics
elementary statistics picturing

Questions and Answers of Elementary Statistics Picturing

a. Develop a simulation for finding the probability that when 50 people are randomly selected, at least 2 of them have the same birth date. Describe the simulation and estimate the probability.b.
If four of the test subjects are randomly selected without replacement, find the probability that, in each case, the polygraph indicated that the subject lied. Is such an event unusual?
The probability of randomly selecting an adult who recognizes the brand name of McDonald’s is 0.95 (based on data from Franchise Advantage). Describe a procedure for using software or a TI-83/84
Refer to Data Set 13 in Appendix B. Compare the means and medians from the three different sets of measured voltage levels. Refer to the indicated data set in Appendix B. Use computer software or a
Listed below are the numbers of bankruptcy filings in Dutchess County, New York State. The numbers are listed in order for each month of a recent year (based on data from the Poughkeepsie Journal ).
Find the IQ score separating the top 37% from the others.Assume that adults have IQ scores that are normally distributed with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15 (as on the Wechsler test).
A genetics experiment involves a population of fruit flies consisting of 1 male named Mike and 3 females named Anna, Barbara, and Chris. Assume that two fruit flies are randomly selected with
Testing a claim about the mean weight of M&Ms: Right-tailed test with n = 25 and test statistic t = 0.430. Either use technology to find the P-value or use Table A-3 to find a range of values for
A simple random sample of 40 men results in a standard deviation of 11.3 beats per minute (based on Data Set 1 in Appendix B). The normal range of pulse rates of adults is typically given as 60 to
A simple random sample of 32 cars yields a mean weight of 3605.3 lb, a standard deviation of 501.7 lb, and the sample weights appear to be from a normally distributed population (based on Data Set 16
Listed below is a simple random sample of sitting eye heights (in mm) of men (based on anthropometric survey data from Gordon, Churchill, Clauser). Determine whether these sample heights appear to
Find the critical values and that correspond to the given confidence level X2L and X2R sample size.95%; n = 9
Scores on the ACT test are normally distributed with a mean of 21.1 and a standard deviation of 4.8.a. If one ACT score is randomly selected, find the probability that it is greater than 20.0.b. If
Find the critical value zα/2 that corresponds to a 98% confidence level.Find the indicated critical value zα/2.
Mars, Inc., claims that 24% of its M&M plain candies are blue. A sample of 100 M&Ms is randomly selected.a. Find the mean and standard deviation for the numbers of blue M&Ms in such
Researchers conducted a study to determine whether there were significant differences in graduation rates between medical students admitted through special programs (such as affirmative action) and
The author purchased a slot machine configured so that there is a 1/2000 probability of winning the jackpot on any individual trial. Although no one would seriously consider tricking the author,
A day bed is 75 in. long.a. Find the percentage of men with heights that exceed the length of a day bed.b. Find the percentage of women with heights that exceed the length of a day bed.c. Based on
Find the first quartile Q1, which is the IQ score separating the bottom 25% from the top 75%.Assume that adults have IQ scores that are normally distributed with a mean of 100 and a standard
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is made of nucleotides. Each nucleotide can contain any one of these nitrogenous bases: A (adenine), G (guanine), C (cytosine), T (thymine). If one of those four bases (A,
Refer to Table 4-1 (included with the Chapter Problem) and assume that 1 of the 98 test subjects is randomly selected. Find the probability of selecting a subject with a positive test result, given
People with blood that is group O and type Rh are considered to be universal donors, because they can give blood to anyone. If 4 of the 100 subjects are randomly selected, find the probability that
The Bureau of Fisheries once asked for help in finding the shortest route for getting samples from locations in the Gulf of Mexico. How many routes are possible if samples must be taken at 6
A classical probability problem involves a king who wanted to increase the proportion of women by decreeing that after a mother gives birth to a son, she is prohibited from having any more children.
According to FBI data, 24.9% of robberies are cleared with arrests. A new detective is assigned to 10 different robberies.a. What is the probability that at least one of them is cleared with an
If 3 of the 100 subjects are randomly selected, find the probability that they are all group B and type Rh . a. Assume that the selections are made with replacement. b. Assume that the selections are
Refer to the sample data in Table 4-1. a. How many responses were actually lies? b. If one of the responses is randomly selected, what is the probability that it is a lie? (Express the answer as a
Based on data from the U.S. Center for Health Statistics, the death rate for males in the 15–24 age bracket is 114.4 per 100,000 population, and the death rate for females in that same age bracket
If 2 of the 100 subjects are randomly selected, find the probability that they are both group O and type Rh . a. Assume that the selections are made with replacement. b. Assume that the selections
When considering events resulting from a single trial, if one event is the complement of another event, must those two events be disjoint? Why or why not?
Refer to the sample data in Table 4-1, which is included with the Chapter Problem. a. How many responses are summarized in the table? b. How many times did the polygraph provide a negative test
A pollster for the Gosset Survey Company claims that 30 voters were randomly selected from a population of 2,800,000 eligible voters in New York City (85% of whom are Democrats), and all 30 were
Identity theft often begins by someone discovering your nine-digit social security number or your credit card number. Answer each of the following. Express probabilities as fractions.a. What is the
Answer each of the following.a. Find the probability of selecting the five winning numbers from 1, 2, ... , 31.b. The Wisconsin Badger 5 lottery is won by selecting the correct five numbers from 1,
A problem that once attracted much attention is the Monty Hall problem, based on the old television game show Let’s Make a Deal, hosted by Monty Hall. Suppose you are a contestant who has selected
In China, the probability of a baby being a boy is 0.5845. Couples are allowed to have only one child. If relatives give birth to five babies, what is the probability that there is at least one girl?
In Example 4 we noted that a study involved equally likely genotypes represented as AA, Aa, aA, and aa. If one of these genotypes is randomly selected as in Example 4, what is the probability that
If four of the test subjects are randomly selected without replacement, find the probability that they all had incorrect test results (either false positive or false negative). Is such an event
Nasonex is a nasal spray used to treat allergies. In clinical trials, 1671 subjects were given a placebo, and 2 of them developed upper respiratory tract infections. Another 2103 patients were
The probability of a randomly selected car crashing during a year is 0.0480 (based on data from the Statistical Abstract of the United States). If a family has four cars, find the probability that at
A Pew Research Center poll showed that 79% of Americans believe that it is morally wrong to not report all income on tax returns. What is the probability that an American does not have that belief?
Refer to the list of the eight outcomes that are possible when a couple has three children. (See Example 7.) Find the probability of each event.a. There is exactly one girl.b. There are exactly two
Select the five winning numbers from 1, 2, ... , 36.Find the probability of winning the indicated lottery by buying one ticket. In each case, numbers selected are different and order does not matter.
As of this writing, the latest results available from the Microsort YSORT method of gender selection consist of 127 boys in 152 births. That is, among 152 sets of parents using the YSORT method for
The FICO (Fair Isaac & Company) score is commonly used as a credit rating. There is a 1% delinquency rate among consumers who have a FICO score above 800. If four consumers with FICO scores above
If 3 of the 98 test subjects are randomly selected without replacement, find the probability that they all had false positive results. Is it unusual to randomly select 3 subjects without replacement
a. What is the probability of an event that is certain to occur?b. What is the probability of an impossible event?c. A sample space consists of 10 separate events that are equally likely. What is the
Women have a 0.25% rate of red/green color blindness. If a woman is randomly selected, what is the probability that she does not have red/green color blindness?
Use a simulation approach to find the probability that when six consecutive babies are born, there is a run of at least four babies of the same sex. Describe the simulation procedure used, and
Select the six winning numbers from 1, 2, ... , 53.Find the probability of winning the indicated lottery by buying one ticket. In each case, numbers selected are different and order does not matter.
Based on a recent survey of STATDISK users, it is found that P(M) = 0.05, where M is the event of getting a Macintosh user when a STATDISK user is randomly selected. If a STATDISK user is randomly
Find the probability of a couple having a baby girl when their fourth child is born, given that the first three children were all girls. Is the result the same as the probability of getting four
If 2 of the 98 test subjects are randomly selected without replacement, find the probability that they both had false positive results. Is it unusual to randomly select 2 subjects without replacement
Which of the following values cannot be probabilities?3:1 2/5 5/2 -0.5 0.5 123/321 321/123 0 1
Use a simulation approach to find the probability that when five consecutive babies are born, there is a run of at least three babies of the same sex. Describe the simulation procedure used, and
Select the six winning numbers from 1, 2, ... , 54.Find the probability of winning the indicated lottery by buying one ticket. In each case, numbers selected are different and order does not matter.
A statistics student plans to use a TI-84 Plus calculator on her final exam. From past experience, she estimates that there is a 0.96 probability that the calculator will work on any given day.
Randomly selecting a consumer who owns a computerRandomly selecting a consumer who uses the InternetFor each given pair of events, classify the two events as independent or dependent. (If two events
When randomly selecting a day of the week, you are certain to select a day containing the letter y.
Randomly selecting a college graduateRandomly selecting someone who is homelessDetermine whether the two events are disjoint for a single trial.
Refer to Exercise 8, which required a description of a hybridization simulation.a. Conduct the simulation and record the number of yellow peas. If possible, obtain a printed copy of the results. Is
Refer to Exercise 3. Find the number of different possible trifecta bets in a race with ten horses by evaluating 10P3.Evaluate the given expressions and express all results using the usual format for
If you make guesses for four multiple-choice test questions (each with five possible answers), what is the probability of getting at least one correct? If a very lenient instructor says that passing
Randomly selecting a consumer from CaliforniaRandomly selecting a consumer who owns a televisionFor each given pair of events, classify the two events as independent or dependent. (If two events are
Randomly selecting a movie with a rating of RRandomly selecting a movie with a rating of four starsDetermine whether the two events are disjoint for a single trial.
It is impossible to get five aces when selecting cards from a shuffled deck.
The Virginia Win for Life lottery game requires that you select the correct 6 numbers between 1 and 42. Find the number of possible combinations by evaluating 42C6.Evaluate the given expressions and
Refer to Exercise 7, which required a description of a simulated free throw by basketball player Shaquille O’Neal.a. Repeat the simulation five times and record the number of times that the free
If a couple plans to have 8 children (it could happen), what is the probability that there will be at least one girl? If the couple eventually has 8 children and they are all boys, what can the
Randomly selecting someone treated with the cholesterol-reducing drug LipitorRandomly selecting someone in a control group given no medicationDetermine whether the two events are disjoint for a
When playing roulette in the Mirage Casino, you have 18 chances out of 38 of winning if you bet that the outcome is an odd number.
Refer to Exercise 6, which required a description of a simulation.a. Conduct the simulation and record the number of left-handed people. Is the percentage of left-handed people from the simulation
A political strategist must visit state capitols, but she has time to visit only 3 of them. Find the number of different possible routes by evaluating 50P3.Evaluate the given expressions and express
If a couple plans to have six children, what is the probability that they will have at least one girl? Is that probability high enough for the couple to be very confident that they will get at least
Finding that your television worksFinding that your refrigerator worksFor each given pair of events, classify the two events as independent or dependent. (If two events are technically dependent but
Receiving a phone call from a volunteer survey subject who believes that there is solid evidence of global warmingReceiving a phone call from a volunteer survey subject who is opposed to stem cell
When Mendel conducted his famous hybridization experiments, he used peas with green pods and yellow pods. One experiment involved crossing peas in such a way that 75% of the offspring peas were
When playing roulette at the Bellagio casino in Las Vegas, a gambler is trying to decide whether to bet $5 on the number 13 or to bet $5 that the outcome is any one of these five possibilities: 0 or
America Online conducted a poll by asking its Internet subscribers if they would like to participate in a Sudoku tournament. Among the 4467 Internet users who chose to respond, 40% said
Can the events described in Exercise 3 be treated as independent? Explain.
One student conducted the simulation described in Example 3 and stated that the probability of getting a sequence of six 0s or six 1s is 0.977. What is wrong with that statement?
When rolling two dice at the Venetian Casino in Las Vegas, there are 6 chances in 36 that the outcome is a 7.
A manager must select 5 delivery locations from 9 that are available. Find the number of different possible routes by evaluating 9P5.Evaluate the given expressions and express all results using the
Refer to Exercise 5, which required a description of a simulation.a. Conduct the simulation and record the number of consumers who recognize the brand name of McDonald’s. If possible, obtain a
When Brutus asks five different women for a date, at least one of them accepts.Provide a written description of the complement of the given event.
For each given pair of events, classify the two events as independent or dependent. (If two events are technically dependent but can be treated as if they are independent according to the 5%
Determine whether the two events are disjoint for a single trial.Randomly selecting a fruit fly with red eyesRandomly selecting a fruit fly with sepian (dark brown) eyes
When a baby is born, there is approximately a 50-50 chance that the baby is a girl.
Find the number of different possible five-card poker hands by evaluating 52C5.Evaluate the given expressions and express all results using the usual format for writing numbers (instead of scientific
When four males are tested for a particular X-linked recessive gene, none of them are found to have the gene.Provide a written description of the complement of the given event.
For each given pair of events, classify the two events as independent or dependent. (If two events are technically dependent but can be treated as if they are independent according to the 5%
Randomly selecting a Corvette from the Chevrolet assembly line and getting one that is free of defects Randomly selecting a Corvette from the Chevrolet assembly line and getting one with a dead
In the game of blackjack played with one deck, a player is initially dealt two cards. Find the number of different two-card initial hands by evaluating 52C2.Evaluate the given expressions and express
Shaquille O’Neal is a professional basketball star who had a reputation for being a poor free throw shooter. As of this writing, he made 5155 of the 9762 free throws that he attempted, for a
When six defibrillators are purchased by the New York University School of Medicine, all of them are free of defects.Provide a written description of the complement of the given event.
Finding that your car radio worksFinding that your car headlights workFor each given pair of events, classify the two events as independent or dependent. (If two events are technically dependent but
Conducting a Pew Research Center poll and randomly selecting a subject who is a RepublicanConducting a Pew Research Center poll and randomly selecting a subject who is a DemocratDetermine whether the
A WeatherBug forecast for the author’s home was stated as: “Chance of rain: 80%.”
Find the number of different ways that the nine players on a baseball team can line up for the National Anthem by evaluating 9!.Evaluate the given expressions and express all results using the usual
Ten percent of people are left-handed. In a study of dexterity, 15 people are randomly selected. Describe a procedure for using software or a TI-83/84 Plus calculator to simulate the random selection

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