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physics
physics scientists and engineers
Questions and Answers of
Physics Scientists and Engineers
Starting from rest, a 2500 kg helicopter accelerates straight up at a constant 2.0 m/s2. What is the helicopter’s height at the moment its blades are providing an upward force of 26 kN? The
The 2.0 kg wood box in FIGURE P6.56 slides down a vertical wood wall while you push on it at a 45º angle. What magnitude of force should you apply to cause the box to slide down at a constant
The 2.0 kg wood box in FIGURE P6.56 slides down a vertical wood wall while you push on it at a 45º angle. What magnitude of force should you apply to cause the box to slide down at a constant
You’re driving along at 25 m/s with your aunt’s valuable antiques in the back of your pickup truck when suddenly you see a giant hole in the road 55 m ahead of you. Fortunately, your foot is
A large box of mass M is moving on a horizontal surface at speed v0. A small box of mass m sits on top of the large box. The coefficients of static and kinetic friction between the two boxes are μs
A large box of mass M is pulled across a horizontal, frictionless surface by a horizontal rope with tension T. A small box of mass m sits on top of the large box. The coefficients of static and
An object of mass m is at rest at the top of a smooth slope of height h and length L. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the object and the surface, μk, is small enough that the object will
A truck with a heavy load has a total mass of 7500 kg. It is climbing a 15º incline at a steady 15 m/s when, unfortunately, the poorly secured load falls off! Immediately after losing the load, the
Henry, whose mass is 95 kg, stands on a bathroom scale in an elevator. The scale reads 830 N for the first 3.0 s after the elevator starts moving, then 930 N for the next 3.0 s. What is the
The 1000 kg steel beam in FIGURE P6.39 is supported by two ropes. What is the tension in each?FIGURE P6.39:
A 6.5-cm-diameter ball has a terminal speed of 26 m/s. What is the ball’s mass?
A medium-sized jet has a 3.8-m-diameter fuselage and a loaded mass of 85,000 kg. The drag on an airplane is primarily due to the cylindrical fuselage, and aerodynamic shaping gives it a drag
A 1500 kg car skids to a halt on a wet road where μk = 0.50. How fast was the car traveling if it leaves 65-m-long skid marks?
A rubber-wheeled 50 kg cart rolls down a 15º concrete incline. What is the cart’s acceleration if rolling friction is (a) neglected and (b) included?
The earth is 1.50 × 1011 m from the sun. The earth’s mass is 5.98 × 1024 kg, while the mass of the sun is 1.99 × 1030 kg. What is earth’s acceleration toward the sun?
FIGURE EX6.20 shows the velocity graph of a 75 kg passenger in an elevator. What is the passenger’s weight at t = 1 s? At 5 s? At 9 s?FIGURE EX6.20:
Zach, whose mass is 80 kg, is in an elevator descending at 10 m/s. The elevator takes 3.0 s to brake to a stop at the first floor.a. What is Zach’s weight before the elevator starts braking?b. What
A 8.0 × 104 kg spaceship is at rest in deep space. Its thrusters provide a force of 1200 kN. The spaceship fires its thrusters for 20 s, then coasts for 12 km. How long does it take the spaceship to
A 2.0 × 107 kg train applies its brakes with the intent of slowing down at a 1.2 m/s2 rate. What magnitude force must its brakes provide?
FIGURE EX6.11 shows the force acting on a 2.0 kg object as it moves along the x-axis. The object is at rest at the origin at t = 0 s. What are its acceleration and velocity at t = 6 s?FIGURE
FIGURE EX6.10 shows the velocity graph of a 2.0 kg object as it moves along the x-axis. What is the net force acting on this object at t = 1 s? At 4 s? At 7 s?FIGURE EX6.10:
The forces in FIGURE EX6.9 act on a 2.0 kg object. What are the values of ax and ay, the x- and y-components of the object’s acceleration?FIGURE EX6.9:
The forces in FIGURE EX6.8 act on a 2.0 kg object. What are the values of ax and ay, the x- and y-components of the object’s acceleration?FIGURE EX6.8:
A 65 kg gymnast wedges himself between two closely spaced vertical walls by pressing his hands and feet against the walls. What is the magnitude of the friction force on each hand and foot? Assume
Boxes A and B in FIGURE Q6.13 both remain at rest. Is the friction force on A larger than, smaller than, or equal to the friction force on B? Explain.FIGURE Q6.13:
A hand presses down on the book in FIGURE Q6.12. Is the normal force of the table on the book larger than, smaller than, or equal to mg?FIGURE Q6.12:
An astronaut takes his bathroom scale to the moon and then stands on it. Is the reading of the scale his weight? Explain.
Are the objects described here in equilibrium while at rest, in equilibrium while in motion, or not in equilibrium at all? Explain.a. A 200 pound barbell is held over your head.b. A girder is lifted
Draw a motion diagram, a force-identification diagram, and a free-body diagram.Your friend went for a loop-the-loop ride at the amusement park. Her car is upside down at the top of the loop.
Draw a motion diagram, a force-identification diagram, and a free-body diagram.You are bungee jumping from a high bridge. You are moving downward while the bungee cord is stretching.
Draw a motion diagram, a force-identification diagram, and a free-body diagram.You’ve jumped down from a platform. Your feet are touching the ground and your knees are flexing as you stop.
Draw a motion diagram, a force-identification diagram, and a free-body diagram.You are a rock climber going upward at a steady pace on a vertical wall.
Problems 35 through 40 show a free-body diagram. For each:a. Identify the direction of the acceleration vector au and show it as a vector next to your diagram. Or, if appropriate, write a̅ = 0̅.b.
Problems 35 through 40 show a free-body diagram. For each:a. Identify the direction of the acceleration vector au and show it as a vector next to your diagram. Or, if appropriate, write a̅ = 0̅.b.
Problems 35 through 40 show a free-body diagram. For each:a. Identify the direction of the acceleration vector au and show it as a vector next to your diagram. Or, if appropriate, write a̅ = 0̅.b.
Problems 35 through 40 show a free-body diagram. For each:a. Identify the direction of the acceleration vector au and show it as a vector next to your diagram. Or, if appropriate, write a̅ = 0̅.b.
Problems 35 through 40 show a free-body diagram. For each:a. Identify the direction of the acceleration vector au and show it as a vector next to your diagram. Or, if appropriate, write a̅ = 0̅.b.
Problems 35 through 40 show a free-body diagram. For each:a. Identify the direction of the acceleration vector au and show it as a vector next to your diagram. Or, if appropriate, write a̅ = 0̅.b.
Problems 35 through 40 show a free-body diagram. For each:a. Identify the direction of the acceleration vector au and show it as a vector next to your diagram. Or, if appropriate, write a̅ = 0̅.b.
A single force with x-component Fx acts on a 500 g object as it moves along the x-axis. A graph of Fx versus t is shown in FIGURE P5.32. Draw an acceleration graph (ax versus t) for this
A single force with x-component Fx acts on a 2.0 kg object as it moves along the x-axis. A graph of Fx versus t is shown in FIGURE P5.31. Draw an acceleration graph (ax versus t) for this
A single force with x-component Fx acts on a 500 g object as it moves along the x-axis. The object’s acceleration graph (ax versus t) is shown in FIGURE P5.30. Draw a graph of Fx versus t.FIGURE
A single force with x-component Fx acts on a 2.0 kg object as it moves along the x-axis. The object’s acceleration graph (ax versus t) is shown in FIGURE P5.29. Draw a graph of Fx versus t.FIGURE
Exercises 23 through 27 describe a situation. For each, identify all forces acting on the object and draw a free-body diagram of the object.A jet plane is accelerating down the runway during takeoff.
Exercises 23 through 27 describe a situation. For each, identify all forces acting on the object and draw a free-body diagram of the object.A steel beam, suspended by a single cable, is being lowered
Exercises 20 through 22 show a free-body diagram. For each, write a short description of a real object for which this would be the correct free-body diagram. Use Examples 5.4, 5.5, and 5.6 as
Exercises 20 through 22 show a free-body diagram. For each, write a short description of a real object for which this would be the correct free-body diagram. Use Examples 5.4, 5.5, and 5.6 as
Exercises 20 through 22 show a free-body diagram. For each, write a short description of a real object for which this would be the correct free-body diagram. Use Examples 5.4, 5.5, and 5.6 as
Exercises 17 through 19 show two of the three forces acting on an object in equilibrium. Redraw the diagram, showing all three forces. Label the third force F̅3.FIGURE EX5.19:
Exercises 17 through 19 show two of the three forces acting on an object in equilibrium. Redraw the diagram, showing all three forces. Label the third force F̅3.FIGURE EX5.18:
Exercises 17 through 19 show two of the three forces acting on an object in equilibrium. Redraw the diagram, showing all three forces. Label the third force F̅3.FIGURE EX5.17:
You’ll learn in Chapter 25 that the potential energy of two electric charges is inversely proportional to the distance between them. Two charges 30 nm apart have 1.0 J of potential energy. What is
FIGURE EX5.9 shows an acceleration-versus-force graph for three objects pulled by rubber bands. The mass of object 2 is 0.20 kg. What are the masses of objects 1 and 3? Explain your reasoning.FIGURE
An arrow has just been shot from a bow and is now traveling horizontally. Air resistance is not negligible. Identify the forces on the arrow.
A skateboarder starts up a 1.0-m-high, 30º ramp at a speed of 7.0 m/s. The skateboard wheels roll without friction. At the top she leaves the ramp and sails through the air. How far from theend of
A painted tooth on a spinning gear has angular acceleration a = (20 - t) rad/s2, where t is in s. Its initial angular velocity, at t = 0 s, is 300 rpm. What is the tooth’s angular velocity in rpm
The angular velocity of a process control motor is ω = (20 - ½t2) rad/s, where t is in seconds.a. At what time does the motor reverse direction?b. Through what angle does the motor turn between t =
Your 64-cm-diameter car tire is rotating at 3.5 rev/s when suddenly you press down hard on the accelerator. After traveling 200 m, the tire’s rotation has increased to 6.0 rev/s. What was the
A turbine is spinning at 3800 rpm. Friction in the bearings is so low that it takes 10 min to coast to a stop. How many revolutions does the turbine make while stopping?
A circular track has several concentric rings where people can run at their leisure. Phil runs on the outermost track with radius rP while Annie runs on an inner track with radius rA = 0.80rP. The
A particle moving in the xy-plane has velocity v̅0 = v0xî + v0yĵ at t = 0. It undergoes acceleration a̅ = btî - cvyĵ, where b and c are constants. Find an expression for the
A particle moving in the xy-plane has velocity v̅ = (2tî + (3 - t 2)ĵ) m/s, where t is in s. What is the particle’s acceleration vector at t = 4 s?
A rocket-powered hockey puck moves on a horizontal frictionless table. FIGURE EX4.7 shows graphs of vx and vy, the x- and y-components of the puck’s velocity. The puck starts at the origin. What is
A rocket-powered hockey puck moves on a horizontal frictionless table. FIGURE EX4.6 shows graphs of vx and vy, the x- and y-components of the puck’s velocity. The puck starts at the origin.a. In
At this instant, the particle is speeding up and curving upward. What is the direction of its acceleration?Figure EX4.4:
a. At this instant, is the particle in FIGURE Q4.2 speeding up, slowing down, or traveling at constant speed?b. Is this particle curving upward, curving downward, or traveling straight?FIGURE
a. At this instant, is the particle in FIGURE Q4.1 speeding up, slowing down, or traveling at constant speed?b. Is this particle curving to the right, curving to the left, or traveling
Four forces are exerted on the object shown in FIGURE P3.44. (Forces are measured in newtons, abbreviated N.) The net force on the object is F̅net = F̅1 + F̅2 + F̅3 + F̅4 = 4.0in N. What are (a)
The treasure map in FIGURE P3.40 gives the following directions to the buried treasure: “Start at the old oak tree, walk due north for 500 paces, then due east for 100 paces. Dig.” But when you
Ruth sets out to visit her friend Ward, who lives 50 mi north and 100 mi east of her. She starts by driving east, but after 30 mi she comes to a detour that takes her 15 mi south before going east
Find a vector that points in the same direction as the vector (î + ĵ) and whose magnitude is 1.
For the three vectors shown in FIGURE EX3.20, A̅ + B̅ + C̅ = 1ĵ.What is vector B̅?a. Write B̅ in component form.b. Write B̅ as a magnitude and a direction.FIGURE EX3.20:
LetA̅ = 4î - 2ĵ, B̅ = -3î + 5ĵ, and F̅ = A̅ - 4B̅.a. Write vector F̅ in component form.b. Draw a coordinate system and on it show vectors A̅, B̅, and F̅.c. What are the magnitude and
Let A̅ = 4î - 2ĵ, B̅ = -3î + 5ĵ, and E̅ = 2 A̅ + 3B̅.a. Write vector E̅ in component form.b. Draw a coordinate system and on it show vectors A̅ , B̅, and Eu.c. What are the magnitude
Let A̅ = 4î - 2ĵ, B̅ = -3î + 5̂ĵ, and C̅ = A̅ + B̅.a. Write vector C̅ in component form.b. Draw a coordinate system and on it show vectors A̅ , B̅, and C̅.c. What are the magnitude
Let A̅ = 2î + 3ĵ, B̅ = 2î - 4ĵ, and C̅ = A̅ + B̅.a. Write vector C̅ in component form.b. Draw a coordinate system and on it show vectors A̅, B̅ and C̅.c. What are the magnitude and
Draw each of the following vectors, label an angle that specifies the vector’s direction, and then find the vector’s magnitude and direction.a. A̅ = 3.0î + 7.0ĵb. a̅ = (-2.0î +
Draw each of the following vectors. Then find its x- and y-components.a. v̅ = (7.5 m/s, 30° clockwise from the positive y-axis)b. a̅ = (1.5 m/s2, 30° above the negative x-axis)c. F̅ = (50.0 N,
Draw each of the following vectors. Then find its x- and y-components.a. a̅ = (3.5 m/s2, negative x-direction)b. v̅ = (440 m/s, 30° below the positive x-axis)c. r̅ = (12 m, 40° above the
a. What are the x- and y-components of vector E̅ shown in FIGURE EX3.3 in terms of the angle θ and the magnitude E̅?b. For the same vector, what are the x- and y-components in terms of the angle
You are given the kinematic equation or equations that are used to solve a problem. For each of these, you are to:
You are given the kinematic equation or equations that are used to solve a problem. For each of these, you are to:
You are given the kinematic equation or equations that are used to solve a problem. For each of these, you are to:
You are given the kinematic equation or equations that are used to solve a problem. For each of these, you are to:
FIGURE EX2.4 is the position-versus-time graph of a jogger. What is the jogger’s velocity at t = 10 s, at t = 25 s, and at t = 35 s?FIGURE EX2.4:
For Questions 1 through 3, interpret the position graph given in each figure by writing a very short “story” of what is happening. Be creative! Have characters and situations! Simply saying that
For Questions 1 through 3, interpret the position graph given in each figure by writing a very short “story” of what is happening. Be creative! Have characters and situations! Simply saying that
For Questions 1 through 3, interpret the position graph given in each figure by writing a very short “story” of what is happening. Be creative! Have characters and situations! Simply saying that
Write a short description of a real object for which Figure P1.60 would be a realistic position-versus-time graph.FIGURE P1.60:
a. Complete the motion diagram by adding acceleration vectors.b. Write a physics problem for which this is the correct motion diagram. Be imaginative! Don’t forget to include enough information to
a. Complete the motion diagram by adding acceleration vectors.b. Write a physics problem for which this is the correct motion diagram. Be imaginative! Don’t forget to include enough information to
a. Complete the motion diagram by adding acceleration vectors.b. Write a physics problem for which this is the correct motion diagram. Be imaginative! Don’t forget to include enough information to
a. Complete the motion diagram by adding acceleration vectors.b. Write a physics problem for which this is the correct motion diagram. Be imaginative! Don’t forget to include enough information to
Show a motion diagram. For each of these problems, write a one or two sentence “story” about a real object that has this motion diagram. Your stories should talk about people or objects by name
A two-element bar as shown in Figure PA-12 with element lengths L, cross-sectional area A, and Young?s modulus E can be shown to have a stiffness matrix of ? Show that the det (|k|) = 0 and hence
Determine [C]-1
A large plate of stainless steel with thickness of 5 cm and thermal conductivity of k = 15W/ m-oC is subjected to an internal uniform heat generation throughout the plate at constant rate of Q = 10 ?
An aircraft cabin window of circular cross section and simple supports all around as shown in the following is made of polycarbonate with E = 0:345 ? 106 psi, n = 0:36, radius = 20 in., and thickness
For the cylindrical vessel with hemispherical ends (heads) under uniform internal pressure of intensity p ? 500 psi shown in Figure P9?21, determine the maximum von Mises stress and where it is
Write a computer program to solve plane stress problems using the LST element.
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