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social science
forensic and legal psychology

Questions and Answers of Forensic And Legal Psychology

How is our biological sex determined, and how do sex hormones influence prenatal and adolescent development?
Summarize what research has taught us about sexual orientation.
Discuss the factors that influence teenagers’ sexual behaviors and use of contraceptives.
Discuss the factors that reduce the risk of sexually transmitted infections.
Describe some of the ways that sexual development varies.
Explain how biological sex is determined, and describe the role of sex hormones in gender development.
Discuss the characteristics of emerging adulthood.
Contrast parental and peer influences during adolescence.
Describe the social tasks and challenges of adolescence.
What are the social tasks and challenges of adolescence?
Describe adolescent cognitive and moral development, according to Piaget, Kohlberg, and later researchers.
Define adolescence, and identify the major physical changes during this period.
How is adolescence defined, and what physical changes mark this period?
Describe the ways in which parents and peers shape children’s development.
Describe how early experiences can modify the brain.
Discuss the importance of gender roles and gender typing in development.
Discuss gender similarities and differences in psychological traits.
How do parent-infant attachment bonds form?
Describe three parenting styles, and explain how children’s traits relate to them.
Trace the onset and development of children’s self-concept.
Discuss the effect of day care on children.
Discuss how childhood neglect, abuse, or family disruption affect children’s attachments.
Describe how psychologists study attachment differences, and discuss their findings about the effect of temperament and parenting.
Describe how parent-infant attachment bonds form.
Explain how autism spectrum disorder affects development.
Describe how a child’s mind develops from the perspectives of Piaget, Vygotsky, and today’s researchers.
What three issues have engaged developmental psychologists?
Describe some abilities of the newborn, noting how researchers are able to identify their mental abilities.
Discuss the course of prenatal development, and explain how teratogens affect that development.
Identify three issues that have engaged developmental psychologists.
Explain why some of us are more prone than others to coronary heart disease.
Describe how stress makes us more vulnerable to disease.
Should clinicians have a Tarasoff duty? What are the advantages and disadvantages of this potential legal liability?
Should mediation be required before parents can litigate custody disputes?
Should custody disputes between partners in a nontraditional union such as same-sex marriage be handled by the courts in the exact same way as disputes between partners in a traditional union?
Do mothers necessarily deserve more consideration in custody decisions than fathers, even when the two parents are equally caring and responsible toward the child?
In custody cases like that of Mark Painter at the beginning of this chapter, how can we ensure that a judge’s decision will truly be in the child’s best interest and not mainly a reflection of
What factors should be included in the BICS legal standard?
Does expert testimony based on CIVB avoid many of the problems associated with testimony on BWS, RTS, and PTSD?
What level of expert testimony in the five-level model of expert testimony is the most appropriate and useful for BWS? Should it be different for RTS or PTSD?
Do other psychological syndromes have a place in the courtroom?
Is SAF a better means of presenting evidence than BWS?
How would you change the selection of jury venires? Can you think of ways to improve the representativeness of the pool of people summoned and the group who show up for jury service?
What abilities should mentally ill defendants possess before they are allowed to represent themselves?Should CST be sufficient to allow a defendant to waive the right to an attorney?
After viewing numerous mug shots to see if he can identify the perpetrator of a crime, an eyewitness says,“I’m sorry. I’m just not sure I would recognize the guy from a photo.” The police
What role does confidence play in the process of eyewitness identification? What makes an eyewitness confident? How does confidence affect police and jurors?
How can we prevent mistaken identification from becoming wrongful conviction?
Does the availability of mugshots and other photos on the Internet pose a threat to accurate eyewitness identification? What might be the effect of an eyewitness searching the Internet to locate a
Why might police departments resist adopting the six guidelines for conducting eyewitness identifications?
How do the NICHD Investigative Interview Protocol and other safeguards produce more accurate reports from children?
Under what circumstances is it useful to know that a defendant fits the profile of others who commit the type of crime the defendant is accused of committing? Is it useful to know that a defendant is
When is it reasonable to rely on criminal profiling to solve a crime? When is it counterproductive?
Fingerprint evidence is admissible in court. Should it be?
What are the distinctions among advising, evaluating, and reforming?
What should be the dominant goal of prisons?
Do supermax prisons need to be humane?
Who should go to prison and for how long? Murderers? Rapists? Drug addicts? People convicted of financial crimes? All of them?
How much should the behavior of the victim matter in determining whether or not sexual harassment occurred?
How much should the behavior of the victim matter in determining whether or not sexual harassment occurred?
When (if ever) should clinical judgment be used to overrule actuarial predictions of future risk?
Are SVP laws simply punishment designed as treatment? And should we care?
If community notification laws have no effect on recidivism rates, should they be abandoned?
What should be the trade-off between false positives and false negatives?Should it depend on the legal context (e.g., death penalty versus civil commitment)?
Was the decision in the Tarasoff case a good one legally? Ethically?
What role should recidivism play in whether we allow civil commitment of sex offenders?
Should jurors be allowed to discuss evidence with each other while the trial is in progress? If so, what restrictions would you place on these discussions?
If you were on trial for a serious crime (we realize this would never happen to you) would you rather be tried by a jury or a judge or a threejudge panel? Why?
What is the right policy on jury nullification? Is it “don’t tell”? Should we tell every jury that they have the right to nullify the law to reach a just verdict? Or, should we abolish jury
What can mental health practitioners add to legal decision-making in child custody cases?
Should mediation be required before parents can litigate custody disputes?
Should PAS be admitted into court even though it has little scientific support?
What lifestyle choices by a parent should influence child custody decisions?
What role (if any) should a parent’s sexual orientation play in child custody decision-making?
What would be a better legal standard for child custody determinations?Are there any?
Is the BICS an appropriate legal standard? Scientific standard?
How do the NICHD Investigative Interview Protocol and other safeguards produce more accurate reports from children?
Is expert testimony on PTSD a better or worse solution than the continued use of expert testimony on BWS or RTS?
How would you combat existing prejudices of the jury about battered women and/or rape victims?
Are BWS and RTS necessary evils for the legal system?
What level of expert testimony in the five-level model of expert testimony is the most appropriate and useful for BWS? RTS? Other types of mental health expert testimony?
Do other psychological syndromes have any place in the courtroom?
Are women who are repeatedly and randomly abused unable to learn to leave their situation? Does learned helplessness adequately explain the later violent behavior of the victim?
What types of research need to be completed so that BWS or RTS is more effectively used by the legal system?
Should syndrome evidence be allowed in the courtroom at all (which ones)?
How should research on jury decisions in insanity cases affect the standards the courts employ?
What are the dangers of changing the law based on high-profile cases(e.g., John Hinckley)?
Which of the various insanity standards is best? Most just? Most efficient?Easiest to assess?
What role should doctors/spouses have in monitoring the well-being of new mothers and their children?
Should there be an insanity defense?
What are the strengths and weaknesses of various tests and methods of evaluating CST (is one approach better than the others)?
Is it unethical for a doctor to provide medication for a prisoner so that he or she will become competent to be executed?
Should a mentally ill defendant have to understand why he or she is going to be executed?
Should forcible medication ever be permitted in CST cases (under what conditions)?
At what age should juveniles be allowed to be tried in adult court? Should it matter how severe the crime they committed was?
What abilities should mentally ill defendants possess before they are allowed to represent themselves?
What is the appropriate tradeoff between the rights of mentally ill defendants to make trial decisions for themselves and the state’s interest in protecting the rights of the mentally ill?
Should CST be one standard or a flexible standard (what are the advantages and/or disadvantages of each approach)?
What role does confidence play in the process of eyewitness identification?How does it affect eyewitnesses? How does it affect police? How does it affect jurors?
How does human memory differ from a video recording?
How might hypnosis be misused in the legal system? Does it ever make sense to trust memories uncovered during hypnosis?

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