Questions and Answers of Fox And McDonald S Introduction To Fluid Mechanics

The wheel is mounted on a shaft in bearings with very low frictional resistance to rotation. At one end of the shaft and on the outboard side of the bearings is connected a rod with a weight, Wb,
The gear is suspended on a knife edge at the rim and caused to oscillate as a pendulum. The period of oscillation is observed to be 1.08 s. Assume that the center of mass and the axis of rotation are
The connecting rod weighs 7.90 lb and is pivoted on a knife edge and caused to oscillate as a pendulum. The rod is observed to complete 64.5 oscillations in 1 min. Determine the mass moment of
Solve Problem 12.38 when the angle between the two throws is reduced from 90◦ to 0◦.
The two-throw crankshaft is mounted in bearings at A and F, with the cranks spaced 90◦ apart. Each crank may be considered to have an eccentric weight of 6 lb at the center of the throw and 2 in
The two-throw opposed-crank crankshaft is mounted in bearings at A and G. Each crank has an eccentric weight of 6 lb, which may be considered located at a radius of 2 in from the axis of rotation and
For the mechanism in the posture shown, the first- and second-order kinematic coefficients of links 3 and 4 are θ3 = −0.125 rad/rad, R4 =1.299 m/rad, θ3 = 0, and R4 = 0.094 m/rad2. The
For the mechanism in the posture shown, massless link 4 is rolling on the ground link. The firstand second-order kinematic coefficients of links 3 and 4 are θ3 = 0, θ4 = −1.0 rad/m, θ3 =1.0
For the slider-crank linkage in the posture whenθ2 = 45◦, the angular velocity and acceleration of the input link 2 are ω2 = 100kˆ rad/s and α2 =10kˆ rad/s2, respectively. The postures,
For the mechanism in the posture shown, the distance ROG3 = 2.5 m and the velocity and acceleration of input link 2 are VG2 = −10ˆi m/s and AG2 = 10ˆi m/s2, respectively. The first- and
For the parallelogram four-bar linkage in the posture shown, the angular velocity and acceleration of input link 2 are ω2 = 2 rad/s ccw and α2 =1 rad/s2 ccw, respectively. The first- and
For the Scotch-yoke linkage in the posture shown, the angle ϕ = 30◦, and the angular velocity and acceleration of input link 2 areω2 = 15kˆ rad/s and α2 = 2 kˆ rad/s2, respectively.The
The input crank of the four-bar linkage is rotating with the constant angular velocity ω2 = 10 rad/s ccw. The angular acceleration of link 3 and the acceleration of the mass center of link 3 are α3
The kinematic coefficients for the elliptic trammel linkage are θ3 = −2 rad/m, θ3 = −6.928 rad/m2, R4 = −1.732 m/m, and R4 = −8 m/m2. A linear spring is attached between O and A with
The length of link 4 is 0.20 m, symmetric about O4, and the ground bearing is midway between E and G2. Link 2 is in translation with velocity VG2 = 0.114 8ˆj m/s and acceleration AG2 =−0.35ˆj
A rotating drum is pivoted at O2 and is decelerated by the double-shoe brake mechanism. The weight and radius of gyration of the drum are 230 lb and 5.66 in, respectively. The brake is actuated by
Repeat Problem 12.25 with the constant shaft speed ω2 = 40 rad/s ccw.
The disk cam of Problem 11.31 is driven at the constant input shaft speed ω2 = 20 rad/s ccw.Both the cam and the follower have been balanced so that the centers of mass of each are located at their
The motor is geared to a shaft on which a flywheel is mounted. The mass moments of inertia of the parts are flywheel, I = 2.73 in · lb · s2; flywheel Figure P12.23 RAO2 = 16 in, RO4O2 = RBA = 40
Make a kinematic and dynamic analysis of the linkage for a complete rotation of the crank with the constant angular velocity ω2 = 10 rad/s ccw.The external force at point C is FC = −500ˆi +886ˆj
Using the same force, FC, as in Problem 12.20, compute the crank torque and the reaction forces at the joints in the posture when θ2 =210◦. For the constant angular velocity ω2 =10 rad/s ccw, the
Find the driving torque and the reaction forces at the joints for Problem 12.20 under the same dynamic conditions but with crank 4 as the driver of the linkage.
Find the driving torque and the reaction forces at the joints for the crossed linkage in the posture shown. For the constant angular velocityω2 = 10 rad/s ccw, the known kinematics areω3 = 1.43
Make a complete kinematic and dynamic analysis of the offset slider-crank linkage in the posture when θ2 = 120◦ and the constant angular velocityω2 = 6 rad/s ccw and α2 = 0. The external forces
Repeat Problem 12.17 in the posture where θ2 =240◦. The known kinematics are θ3 =11.1◦, RB =0.392 m, α3 = 112 rad/s2 cw, AB = 35.2ˆi m/s2, and AG3 = 31.6ˆi−27.7ˆj m/s2.
Make a complete dynamic analysis of the slider-crank linkage in the posture when θ2 =120◦. For the constant angular velocity ω2 =24 rad/s cw, the known kinematics are θ3 = −9◦, RB = 0.374 m,
Perform a kinematic and dynamic analysis of the offset slider-crank linkage of Problem 12.15 for a complete rotation of the crank. The forces are FB = −1 000Nˆ and FC = 0 when the velocity of link
Make a complete kinematic and dynamic analysis of the offset slider-crank linkage in the posture when θ2 =120◦, and the constant angular velocity is ω2 = 18 rad/s cw. The masses and mass moments
Make a complete kinematic and dynamic analysis of the four-bar linkage in Problem 12.12 but in the posture when θ2 = 300◦.
Make a complete kinematic and dynamic analysis of the four-bar linkage in Problem 12.12 but in the posture when θ2 = 260◦.
Make a complete dynamic analysis of the four-bar linkage in the posture when θ2 = 90◦,θ3 = 23.9◦, and θ4 = 91.7◦. For the constant angular velocity ω2 = 32 rad/s ccw, the known kinematics
Make a complete dynamic analysis of the four-bar linkage of Problem 12.7, but in the posture whenθ2 = 270◦. The constant angular velocity of input link 2 is ω2 = 18 rad/s ccw, and the external
Repeat Problem 12.9 in the posture when θ2 =200◦. The constant angular velocity of input link 2 is ω2 = 12 rad/s ccw, the external force at point C is Fc = 8.49 kN∠45◦, and there is no
Make a complete kinematic and dynamic analysis of the four-bar linkage of Problem 12.7 using the data in the figure caption but in the posture whenθ2 = 170◦. The constant angular velocity of input
Solve Problem 12.7 with external force FD =12ˆi kN acting at point D.
Determine the reaction forces at the joints and the torque applied to input link 2 of the four-bar linkage in the posture when θ2 = 53◦. For the constant angular velocity ω2 = 12kˆ rad/s ccw,
Determine the reaction forces at the joints and the crank torque of the slider-crank linkage in the posture shown if the external force acting through pin B of the piston is FB = −800ˆi lb. For
Determine the reaction forces at the joints and the crank torque of the slider-crank linkage in the posture shown. For the constant angular velocityω2 = 210kˆ rad/s, the known kinematics are: α3
Determine the reaction forces at the joints and the external torque applied to input link 2 of the four-bar linkage in the posture shown. For the constant angular velocity ω2 = 200kˆ rad/s, the
Determine the reaction forces at the joints and the external torque applied to input link 2 of the four-bar linkage in the posture shown. For the constant angular velocity ω2 = 180kˆ rad/s, the
A 5-mm-by-50-mm-by-300-mm steel bar has two round steel disks, each 50 mm in diameter and 20 mm long, welded to one end. A small hole is drilled 25 mm from the other end. Using 7.80 Mg/m3 for the
The steel bell crank is used as an oscillating cam follower. Using 0.282 lb/in3 for the density of steel, find the mass moment of inertia of the lever about an axis through O.Figure P12.1
Vertical link 2 is rigidly fixed to the ground (at A) and pinned to horizontal link 3 at B. Link 4 is pinned to link 3 at H, and the mass of link 4 is 200 kg. Vertical link 5 is pinned to link 3 at D
The single-cylinder engine is in static equilibrium due to external force F = −15ˆikN acting at point D. The cross section of the connecting rod (link 3) is rectangular with width 4t and thickness
For the four-bar linkage in the posture shown, the torque acting on link 2 at crankshaft O2 is T12 = −6 700kˆ ft · lb. There is also a torque, T14, acting on link 4 at crankshaft O4 to hold the
A force, F, is acting at C perpendicular to link 2, end A is pinned to the ground, and supporting link 3 is pinned to link 2 at B and pinned to the ground at D. The lengths are AC = 200 mm and AD
A vertically upward force, F, is applied at C of horizontal link 4, which is pinned to the ground at B and pinned to vertical links 2 and 3 at A. Lengths AB = 2 ft and AC = 5 ft and the three links
Link BC = 1.2 m and 25 mm square cross section is fixed in the vertical wall at C and pinned at B to a circular steel cable, AB, with diameter d = 20 mm. Distance AC = 0.7 m. The mass, m, of a
Horizontal link 2 is pinned to the vertical wall at A and pinned to link 3 at B. The opposite end of link 3 is pinned to the wall at C. A vertical force, P = 25 kN is acting on link 2 at B.Link 2 has
Horizontal link 2 is subjected to load P = 5 000 N and is supported by vertical link 3, which has a constant circular cross section. The lengths are AC = 5 AB = 4m, and DB = L3 = 5m. For vertical
Load PA is acting at A, and load PB is acting at B of horizontal link 3. Link 3 is pinned to vertical link 2 at O, and link 2 is fixed in ground link 1 at D. The lengths are AO = 4 ft, OB = 2 ft, and
The horizontal link 2 is subjected to the inclined load F = 8 000 N at C as shown. The link is supported by a solid circular cross section link 3 whose length L3 = BD = 5 m. End D of vertical link 3
Horizontal link 2 is subjected to load F = 150 kN at C as shown. The link is supported by the solid circular aluminum link 3. The lengths of the links are L2 = RCA = 5 m, RBA = 3 m, and L3 = RBD =3
Links 2 and 3 are pinned together at B, and a constant vertical load P = 800 kN is applied at B. Link 2 is fixed in the ground at A, and link 3 is pinned to the ground at C. The length of link 2 is 8
For the linkage in the posture shown, force P =10 lb is applied on link 4. A torque T12 is acting on link 2 at the crankshaft O2 to hold the linkage in static equilibrium. Gravity is acting into the
For the linkage in the posture shown, a torque T12 = 0.24kˆ N·m is acting on link 2 at crankshaft O2. A force P is applied to point D on link 4 at an angle of 45◦ to hold the linkage in static
For the linkage in the posture shown, a constant external torque T12 = 180kˆ in·lb is acting on link 2 about shaft O2, and a horizontal external force P is acting on link 5 to hold the linkage in
A horizontal force FC = 25 N is acting at point C on link 4 and an external torque T2 is acting on link 2. The coefficient of friction between link 4 and the ground link is μ = 0.3, and the
For the linkage in the posture shown, an external torque T14 = −50kˆ in · lb is acting on link 4 about O4, and a horizontal force FC is acting at point C on link 3 to hold the linkage in static
Disk 3 of radius R is being slowly rolled under pivoted bar 2 driven by an applied torque, T.Assume a coefficient of static friction of μbetween the disk and ground and that all other joints are
Repeat Prob. 11.31 for the entire lift portion of the cycle, finding T12 as a function of θ2.
The low-speed disk cam with oscillating flat-faced follower is driven at a constant shaft speed. The displacement curve for the cam has a full-rise cycloidal motion, defined by Eq. (6.13)with
Repeat Prob. 11.29, assuming that the car has rear-wheel drive rather than front-wheel drive.
A car (link 2) that weighs 2 000 lb is slowly backing a 1 000 lb trailer (link 3) up a 30◦inclined ramp. The car wheels are of 13-in radius, and the trailer wheels have 10-in radius; the center of
Use the method of virtual work to solve the four-bar linkage of Prob. 11.10.
Use the method of virtual work to analyze the crank-shaper linkage of Prob. 11.7. Given that the load remains constant at P = 100ˆi lb, find and plot a graph of the crank torque, T12, for all
Use the method of virtual work to solve the four-bar linkage of Prob. 11.5.
Use the method of virtual work to solve the slider-crank linkage of Prob. 11.2.
Using the data of Prob. 11.23, find the forces exerted by bearings C and D onto shaft 3. Which of these bearings should take the thrust load if the shaft is to be loaded in compression?
The figure shows a gear train composed of a pair of helical gears and a pair of straight-tooth bevel gears. Shaft 4 is the output of the train and delivers 6 hp to the load at a speed of 370
In each of the bevel gear drives shown, bearing A takes both thrust load and radial load, whereas bearing B takes only radial load. The teeth are cut with a 20◦ pressure angle. For (a) T2
Analyze the gear shaft of Example 11.8, and find the bearing reactions FC and FD.
Solve Prob. 11.17 if each pinion has right-hand helical teeth with a 30◦ helix angle and a 20◦pressure angle. All gears in the train are helical, and the normal diametral pitch is 6 teeth/in for
A 16-tooth pinion on shaft 2 rotates at 1 720 rev/min and transmits 5 hp to the double-reduction gear train. All gears have 20◦pressure angle. Find the magnitude and direction of the radial force
A 15-tooth spur pinion has a diametral pitch of 5 and 20◦ pressure angle, rotates at 600 rev/min, and drives a 60-tooth gear. The drive transmits 25 hp. Construct a free-body diagram of each gear
In each case shown, pinion 2 is the driver, gear 3 is an idler, and the gears have diametral pitch of 6 and 20◦ pressure angle. For each case, sketch the free-body diagram of gear 3 and show all
Repeat Prob. 11.12 assuming a coefficient of static friction μ = 0.15 between links 1 and 4.Determine the torque, T12, necessary to overcome friction.
Repeat Prob. 11.7 assuming coefficients of Coulomb friction μc = 0.20 between links 1 and 6 and μc = 0.10 between links 3 and 4. Determine the torque, T12, necessary to drive the system, including
Figure P11.13a shows a Figee floating crane with a lemniscate boom configuration, and Fig. P11.13b shows a schematic diagram of the crane with dimensions given in the legend. The lifting capacity is
Determine the magnitude and direction of the torque that must be applied to link 2 to maintain static equilibrium at the posture shown.PC = 100 lb PB = 50 lb 3 4 2 AO2 B 90° C Figure P11.12 RAO2 = 3
Draw a free-body diagram of each member of the linkage, and find the magnitudes and the directions of all forces and moments. Compute the magnitude and direction of the torque that must be applied to
The figure shows a four-bar linkage with external forces applied at points B and C. Draw a free-body Figure P11.9 RAO2 = 4 in, RCA = 14 in, RO4O2 = 14 in, RCO4 = 10 in, RDO4 = 7 in, RBA = 14 in, and
Sketch free-body diagrams of each link, and show all the forces acting. Find the magnitude and direction of the torque that must be applied to link 2 at the posture shown to drive the linkage against
Sketch complete free-body diagrams of each link and determine the torque, T12, that must be applied to link 2 to maintain static equilibrium at the posture shown.Figure P11.8 RAO2 = 200 mm, RBA = 400
Determine the torque, T12, required to drive slider 6 of Fig. P11.7 against a load of P = 100 lb at a crank angle of θ = 30◦, or as specified by your instructor.Figure P11.7 RAO2 = 2.5 in, RO2O4 =
Sketch a complete free-body diagram of each link and determine the force, P, to maintain static equilibrium.
What torque must be applied to link 2 of the linkage shown in Fig. P11.4b to maintain static equilibrium?
Determine the forces acting on the ground and the torque, T12, to maintain static equilibrium for the four-bar linkage shown in Fig. P11.4a.Figure P11.4 RAO2 = 3.5 in, RBA = RBO4 = 6 in, RCO4 =4 in,
If T12 = 100 N · m cw for the linkage shown in Fig. P11.2, determine the force, P, to maintain static equilibrium.
If force P = 0.9 kN, determine the torque, T12, that must be applied to crank 2 to maintain the linkage in static equilibrium.Figure P11.2 RAO2 = 75 mm and RBA = 350 mm.
The figure shows four linkages and the external forces and torques exerted on or by the linkages.Sketch the free-body diagram of each part of each linkage. Do not attempt to show the magnitudes of
As noted in Section 7.2, the drag force, F, on a smooth sphere depends on the relative speed, V, the sphere diameter, D, the fluid density, ρ, and the fluid viscosity, μ. Obtain a set of
12.27 A converging-diverging nozzle with a throat area of 2 in 2 is connected to a large tank in which air is kept at a pressure of 80 psia and a temperature of 60 F. If the nozzle is to operate at
12.28 A total-pressure probe is placed in a supersonic wind tunnel where T =530 R and M =2 0. A normal shock stands in front of the probe. Behind the shock, M2 =0 577 and p2 =5 76 psia. Find(a) the
12.23 Air flows isentropically through a converging nozzle into a receiver where the pressure is 250 kPa absolute. If the pressure is 350 kPa absolute and the speed is 150 m/s at the nozzle location
12.29 A normal shock wave exists in an airflow. The absolute pressure, velocity, and temperature just upstream from the wave are 207 kPa, 610 m s, and −17 8 C, respectively. Calculate the pressure,
12.30 Air approaches a normal shock at M1 =2 5, with T01 =1250 R and p1 =20 psia. Determine the speed and temperature of the air leaving the shock and the entropy change across the shock.
12.31 The stagnation temperature in an airflow is 149 C upstream and downstream from a normal shock wave. The absolute stagnation pressure downstream from the shock wave is 229.5 kPa. Through the
12.26 A converging nozzle is bolted to the side of a large tank. Air inside the tank is maintained at a constant 50 psia and 100 F. The inlet area of the nozzle is 10 in 2 and the exit area is 1 in 2
12.25 Air enters a converging-diverging nozzle with an area of 20 cm2 at 2 MPa absolute and 313 K. At the exit of the nozzle, the pressure is 200 kPa absolute. Determine the area at the nozzle exit

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