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systems analysis and design

Questions and Answers of Systems Analysis And Design

(a) Formulate node-voltage equations for the circuit in Figure P3–9.(b) UseMATLAB to find symbolic expressions for the node voltages in terms of the parameters in the circuit.(c) Find numeric
(a) Choose a ground wisely and formulate node-voltage equations for the circuit in Figure P3–8.(b) Solve for vx and ix.AppendixLO1 2.2 ww 15 V ix 1 w - Vx+ 1 1 k10 mA - 3.3 FIGURE P3-8
The following are a set of node-voltage equations; draw the circuit they represent.AppendixLO1 VA = VS VB VA | VB VC + R R VC VA VC- VB + + R3 R -is=0 VC R4 0 VD = 0
(a) Choose a ground wisely and formulate node-voltage equations for the circuit in Figure P3–6.(b) Solve for vx and ix when R1 ¼ R2 ¼ R3 ¼ R4 ¼ 10 kV, vs ¼25 V, and is ¼ 1 mA.AppendixLO1 is
(a) Formulate node-voltage equations for the circuit in Figure P3–5. Arrange the results in matrix form Ax ¼ b.(b) Solve these equations for vA and vC.(c) Use these results to find vx and
(a) Formulate node-voltage equations for the circuit in Figure P3–4.(b) Solve these equations for vA and vB.(c) Use these results to find vx and ix.AppendixLO1 3 A 8 VA VB www 1 A. + 3200 310 4 Vx
(a) Formulate node-voltage equations for the circuit in Figure P3–3. Arrange the results in matrix form Ax ¼ b.(b) Solve these equations for vA and vB.(c) Use these results to find vx and
(a) Formulate node-voltage equations for the circuit in Figure P3–2. Arrange the results in matrix form Ax ¼ b.(b) Solve these equations for vA and vB.(c) Use these results to find vx and
(a) Formulate node-voltage equations for the circuit in Figure P3–1. Arrange the results in matrix from Ax ¼ b.AppendixLO1 www R5 ww R R3 VC VA VB www www is R www RA FIGURE P3-1
Finding an Equivalent Resistance using OrCAD Use OrCAD to find the equivalent resistance at terminals A and B of the resistor mesh shown in Figure P2–91. (Hint: use a 1-V dc source and measure the
MATLAB Function for Parallel Equivalent Resistors Create a MATLAB function to compute the equivalent resistance of a set of resistors connected in parallel. The function has a single input, which is
Analog Voltmeter Design Figure P2–89(a) shows a voltmeter circuit consisting of a D’Arsonval meter, two series resistors, and a two-position selector switch.Acurrent of IFS ¼ 400 mAproduces
Programmable Voltage Divider Figure P2–88 shows a programmable voltage divider in which digital inputs b0 and b1 control complementary analog switches connecting a multitap voltage divider to the
Interface Circuit Choice You have a practical voltage source that can be modeled as a 5-V ideal source in series with a 1-kV source resistor. You need to use your source to drive a 1-kV load that
Active Transducer Figure P2–86 shows an active transducer whose resistance R(VT) varies with the transducer voltage VT as RðVTÞ ¼0:5V2 Tþ 1. The transducer supplies a current to a 12–V
Center Tapped Voltage Divider Figure P2–85 shows a voltage divider with the center tap connected to ground. Derive equations relating vA and vB to vS, R1, and R2.AppendixLO1 VS 1+ R R1 (A) VA www
Transistor Biasing The circuit shown in Figure P2–84 is a typical biasing arrangement for a BJT-type transistor. The actual transistor for this problem can be modeled as 0.7-V battery in series
The circuit of Figure P2–82 is called a ‘‘bridge-T’’ circuit.Use OrCAD to find all of the voltages and currents in the circuit.(a) Plot the i-v characteristic of the parallel
Consider the circuit of Figure P2–80 again. Use OrCAD to find all of the voltages, currents and power provided used or provided. Verify that the sum of all power in the circuit is zero.AppendixLO1
Consider the circuit of Figure P2–80. Use MATLAB to find all of the voltages and currents in the circuit and find the power provided by the source.AppendixLO1 120 V 150 www 220 ww 68 www ww 47
A circuit is found to have the following element and connection equations:v1 ¼ 24 V v2 ¼ 8k i2 v3 ¼ 5k i3 v4 ¼ 4k i4 v5 ¼ 16k i5v1 þ v2 þ v3 ¼ 0v3 þ v4 þ v5 ¼ 0 i1 þ i2 ¼ 0i2 þ i3 þ
The box in the circuit in Figure P2–78 is a resistor whose value can be anywhere between 8 kV and 80 kV. Use circuit reduction to find the range of values of vx.AppendixLO1 50 V + 10 w 10 10 +
Select Rx so that 50 V are across it in Figure P2–77.AppendixLO1 200 V 1 + 500 www 1 ww Rx www +50 V- www 800 www 1 200 FIGURE P2-77
The current through RL in Figure P2–76 is 100 mA. Use source transformations to find RL. Validate your answer using OrCAD.AppendixLO1 100 V +1 100 100 iL=100 mA 100 M RL www FIGURE P2-76
Use source transformations in Figure P2–75 to relate vO to v1, v2, and v3.AppendixLO1 R V1 ww + 1 R V2 www +1 R V3 FIGURE P2-75 | + Q+ Vo
Select a value for Rx so that ix ¼ 0 A in Figure P2–74.AppendixLO1 -24 V + 30 w Rx www 20 + 1 FIGURE P2-74 12 V
Use source transformation to find ix in Figure P2–73.AppendixLO1 15 V ix 1 + 1 150 220 100 mA FIGURE P2-73
Use circuit reduction to find vx and ix in Figure P2–72.AppendixLO1 24 V 18 w 8 w + 12 k 4 kVx 11ix FIGURE P2-72
Use circuit reduction to find vx, ix, and px in Figure P2–71.AppendixLO1 2 1.5 w Px 100 V 3 FIGURE P2-71 + Vx
Use circuit reduction to find vx and ix in Figure P2–70.AppendixLO1 2R VS ww + + Vx R 2R FIGURE P2-70 R 2R
Use circuit reduction to find vx, ix, and px in Figure P2–69.Repeat using OrCAD.AppendixLO1 Px 500 mA (1 2.2 W +Vx 3.3 - 1 ww 2 1 FIGURE P2-69
Use circuit reduction to find vx and ix in Figure P2–68.AppendixLO1 2.2 w + 300 mA( 3.3 Vx 1 FIGURE P2-68
Select a value of RX in Figure P2–67 so that vL ¼ 2 V.Repeat for 4 V and 6 V. Caution: Rx must be positive.AppendixLO1 12 V + | 100 ww Rx + 50 VL FIGURE P2-67
Select a value of Rx in Figure P2–66 so that vL ¼ 2V.AppendixLO1 12 V 1 + 1 Rx www 1 k 1 k + VL FIGURE P2-66
Select values for R1, R2, and R3 in Figure P2–65 so the voltage divider produces the two output voltages shown.AppendixLO1 R 5V R2 R3 + 3.3 V + 1 V FIGURE P2-65
Ideally, a voltmeter has infinite internal resistance and can be placed across any device to read the voltage without affecting the result. A particular digital multimeter(DMM), a common laboratory
Figure P2–63 shows a voltage bridge circuit, that is, two voltage dividers in parallel with a source vS. One resistor RX is variable. The goal is often to ‘‘balance’’ the bridge by making
Use current division in the circuit of Figure P2–62 to find Rx so that the voltage out is 3 V.AppendixLO1 1 A 10 Rx ww FIGURE P2-62 + 1023V -
Find the range of values of vO in Figure P2–61.AppendixLO1 50 V + | 1 w + 1.5 1.5 kvo FIGURE P2-61
The l-kV load in Figure P2–60 needs 5 V across it to operate correctly. Where should the wiper on the potentiometer be set (Rx) to obtain the desired output voltage?AppendixLO1 24 V ( 5 + Rx 5V1 k
Find vO in the circuit of Figure P2–59.AppendixLO1 5V( + 1 w 5 5 25% FIGURE P2-59
Find ix, iy, and iz in Figure P2–58.AppendixLO1 200 mA 15 20 w 502 ww iy FIGURE P2-58 iz 6 N
Use current division in Figure P2–57 to find an expression for vL in terms of R, RL and iS.AppendixLO1 R w + is R RLVL FIGURE P2-57
Use current division in Figure P2–56 to find ix and vx.AppendixLO1 500 w 3 A 1.5 : Vx 2 FIGURE P2-56
Use voltage division in Figure P2–55 to obtain an expression for vL in terms of R, RL, and vS.AppendixLO1 VS + R ww R ww + RLVL FIGURE P2-55
Use voltage division in Figure P2–54 to find vx.AppendixLO1 12 V( + 2 8 ww + 4 FIGURE P2-54
Find the equivalent resistance between terminalsAand B in Figure P2–53.AppendixLO1 R A ww R ww R www B FIGURE P2-53
What is the range of REQ in Figure P2–52?AppendixLO1 REQ 5.6 10 10 FIGURE P2-52
Select the value of R in Figure P2–51 so that RAB ¼ RL.AppendixLO1 (A) R ww B 4R R ww RL FIGURE P2-51
Two 10-kV potentiometers (a variable resistor whose value between the two ends is 10 kV and between one end and the wiper — the third terminal — can range from 0 V to 10 k V) are connected as
Select the value of Rx in Figure P2–49 so that REQ ¼ 75 kV.AppendixLO1 ww w 15 47 Rx 22 10 REQ FIGURE P2-49
In Figure P2–48 the i-v characteristic of network N is v þ50i ¼ 5 V. Find the equivalent practical current source for the network.AppendixLO1 i + (A) N V FIGURE P2-48 (B)
Find the equivalent practical voltage source at terminals A and B in Figure P2–47.AppendixLO1 502 (A) o w 10 15 A Bo FIGURE P2-47
Do a source transformation at terminals A and B for each practical source in Figure P2–46.AppendixLO1 (A) B 100 A (a) www 5 + B (b) FIGURE P2-46 5 mA 5 V
Using no more than four 1-kV resistors, show how the following equivalent resistors can be constructed: 2 kV, 500 V, 1.5 kV, 333 V, 200 V, and 400 V.AppendixLO1
Select a value of RL in Figure P2–44 so that REQ ¼ 6 kV.Repeat for REQ ¼ 5 kV.AppendixLO1 REQ - 10 FIGURE P2-44 10 ww RL
In Figure P2–43 find the equivalent resistance between terminals A-B, A-C, A-D, B-C, B-D, and C-D.AppendixLO1 (A) 33 W B 100 w (C) D 100 FIGURE P2-43
In Figure P2–42 find the equivalent resistance between terminals A-B, A-C, A-D, B-C, B-D, and C-D.AppendixLO1 A 100 60 20 ww ww (c) B ww w 30 40 10 D FIGURE P2-42
Show how the circuit in Figure P2–41 could be connected to achieve a resistance of 100 V, 200 V, 150 V, 50 V, 25 V, 33.3 V, and 133.3 V.AppendixLO1 (A B C ww 100 ww 100 www 50 (D) FIGURE P2-41
Find REQ between nodes A and B for each of the circuits in Figure P2–40. What conclusion can you draw about resistors of the same value connected in parallel?AppendixLO1 w R A ww B W R w R (a) W R
Find REQ in Figure P2–39 when the switch is open. Repeat when the switch is closed.AppendixLO1 REQ W 100 ww 50 50 100 FIGURE P2-39
Equivalent resistance is defined at a particular pair of terminals. In the following figure the same circuit is looked at from two different terminal pairs. Find the equivalent resistances REQ1 and
Find the equivalent resistance if REQ in Figure P2–37.AppendixLO1 REQ 33 w 56 k15 k 10 FIGURE P2-37
Find the equivalent resistance REQ in Figure P2–36.AppendixLO1 REQ w 68 100 w 33 FIGURE P2-36 47
Find the equivalent resistance REQ in Figure P2–35.AppendixLO1 REQ w 7.5 30 w 10 FIGURE P2-35
Figure P2–34 shows a resistor with one terminal connected to ground and the other connected to an arrow. The arrow symbol is used to indicate a connection to one terminal of a voltage source whose
In Figure P2–33 ix ¼ 0.5 mA. Find the value of R.AppendixLO1 ww 10 -w- 10 + 4 V R 15 V Rest of the circuit FIGURE P2-33
Figure P2–32 shows a subcircuit connected to the rest of the circuit at four points.(a) Use element and connection constraints to find vx and ix.(b) Show that the sum of the currents into the rest
Find the power provided by the source in Figure P2–31.AppendixLO1 PS. 500 W 5 mA 1 1.5 FIGURE P2-31
In Figure P2–30:(a) Assign a voltage and current variable to every element.(b) Use KVL to find the voltage across each resistor.(c) Use Ohm’s law to find the current through each resistor.(d) Use
Find vx and ix in Figure P2–29.AppendixLO1 ww Rest of + 0.5 A the Vx 10 circuit FIGURE P2-29
A modeler wants to light his model building using miniature grain-of-wheat light bulbs connected in parallel as shown in Figure P2–28. He uses two 1.5-V ‘‘C-cells’’ to power his lights. He
Find vx and ix in Figure P2–27. Compare the results of your answers with those in problem 2–26. What effect did adding the 33-kV resistor have on the overall circuit? Why isn’t iy
Find vx and ix in Figure P2–26.AppendixLO1 18 V 1 + 22 www 68 FIGURE P2-26 ix + Vx
Find vx and ix in Figure P2–25.AppendixLO1 500 22 www 68 FIGURE P2-25 ix + Vx
The KCL equations for a three-node circuit are:Node A i1 þ i2 i4 ¼ 0 Node B i1 i3 þ i5 ¼ 0 Node C i1 þ i3 þ i4 i5 ¼ 0 Draw the circuit diagram and indicate the reference directions
(a) Use the passive sign convention to assign voltage variables consistent with the currents in Figure P2-22. Write three KVL connection equations using these voltage variables.(b) If v4 ¼ 0 V, what
In Figure P2–22 i1 ¼ 25 mA, i2 ¼ 10 mA, and i3 ¼ 15 mA. Find i4 and i5.AppendixLO1 (A 3 4 i4 FIGURE P2-22 B C 5 i5
In Figure P2–21 v2 ¼ 10 V, v4 ¼ 5 V, and v5 ¼ 15 V. Find v1, v3, and v6.AppendixLO1 + 2 2 + V6 6 - + V4 - 4 + + 3 5 V3 V5 FIGURE P2-21
The circuit in Figure P2–20 is organized around the three signal lines A, B, and C.(a) Identify the nodes and at least three loops in the circuit.(b) Write KCL connection equations for the
In many circuits the ground is often the metal case that houses the circuit. Occasionally a failure occurs whereby a wire connected to a particular node touches the case causing that node to become
In Figure P2-17 v2 ¼ 10V, v3 ¼ 10V, and v4 ¼ 3V. Find v1, v5, and v6.AppendixLO1
For the circuit in Figure P2–17:(a) Identify the nodes and at least three loops in the circuit.(b) Identify any elements connected in series or in parallel.(c) Write KCL and KVL connection
In Figure P2–15 i2 ¼ 20 mA and i4 ¼ 10 mA. Find i1, and i3.AppendixLO1
For the circuit in Figure P2–15:(a) Identify the nodes and at least two loops.(b) Identify any elements connected in series or in parallel.(c) Write KCL and KVL connection equations for the
In Figure P2–14 v1 ¼ 3 Vand v3 ¼ 5 V. Find v2, v4 and v5.AppendixLO1 V1 V4 + V2 + + V + V5 FIGURE P2-14
In Figure P2–13 i2 ¼ 5 A and i3 ¼ 2 A. Find i1 and i4.AppendixLO1 (A) B i1 iz FIGURE P2-13 (c)
A thermistor is a temperature-sensing element composed of a semiconductor material that exhibits a large change in resistance proportional to a small change in temperature. A particular thermistor
Figure P2-11 shows the circuit symbol for a class of twoterminal devices called diodes. The i-v relationship for a specific pn junction diode is i ¼ 2 1016 (e40v 1) A(a) Use this equation to find i
A certain type of film resistor is available with resistance values between 10 V and 100 MV. The maximum ratings for all resistors of this type are 500 Vand 0.25 W. Show that the voltage rating is
A 100-kV resistor has a power rating of 0.125 W. Find the maximum voltage that can be applied to the resistor.AppendixLO1
The i-v characteristic of a nonlinear resistor is v ¼ 82i þ0.18i3.(a) Calculate v and p for i ¼ 0.5, 1, 2, 5, and 10 A.(b) Find the maximum error in v when the device is treated as an 82–V
A resistor found in the lab has three orange stripes followed by a gold stripe. An ohmmeter measures its resistance as 34.9 kV. Is the resistor properly color coded? (See inside back cover for color
In Figure P2–6 find Rx and the power delivered to the resistor.AppendixLO1 10 mA + 100 VRx FIGURE P2-6
In Figure P2–5 the resistor dissipates 25 mW. Find Rx.AppendixLO1 15 V + | Px = 25 mW Rx FIGURE P2-5
The conductance of a particular resistor is 0.5 mS. Find the current through the resistor when connected across a 5-V source.AppendixLO1
A 100-kV resistor dissipates 100 mW. Find the current through the resistor.AppendixLO1
The voltage across a particular resistor is 6.23 V and the current is 2.75 mA. What is the actual resistance of the resistor? Using the inside back cover, what is the likely standard value of the
The current through a 56-kV resistor is 2.2 mA. Find the voltage across the resistor.AppendixLO1
Computer Data Sheet ( )A manufacturer’s data sheet for a notebook computer lists the power supply requirements as 7.5A @ 5 V, 2A @ 15 V, 2.5 A @15 V, 2.25 A @ 5 V and 0.5 A @ 12 V. The data sheet

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