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business
management and organisational behaviour

Questions and Answers of Management And Organisational Behaviour

Students of organisational behaviour often express a strong preference for working within an organic organisation. But then many express concerns about possible lack of superior competence, clear
Discuss critically questions raised by increased demands for flexibility and greater freedom of choice for individuals at work.
According to the contingency approach, different situational variables may have some relevance for certain types of organisations at certain times given a particular set of circumstances. This it all
To what extent would you agree with the contention that a logical structure for organisation is better for efficiency and morale than a structure allowed to develop around personalities? What are the
Remote working, telecommuting and homeworking are clearly the way forward and should be the main feature of organisation design. attention to traditional views on formal structure, and managerial
The wider adoption of mobile devices, social networking, the internet, artificial intelligence and robotics have the potential to create mass unemployment in the near future. What are the main
Outline and comment upon ways in which users can participate in the adoption and introduction of new technology.
Technology is the tool that enables people to perform. Managers must have the understanding and skills of how to make the best use of technology, and knowledge of likely new technologies that could
It is not unusual for the outcomes of technical change to fail to match up to expectations. What can cause this gap and how might it be prevented?
Technology in itself does not reduce the need for the exercise of human skill and decision-making. it is the way in which technology is actually applied within organisations that can cause this to
What objectives should managers set for the introduction of technological change? draw upon case study research to support your answer.
Just because you are required to use iT equipment to do your job, it does not make you a ‘knowledge worker’. What do you understand by the concept of a ‘knowledge worker’? How useful is it as
To what extent do you agree with the contention that ‘decision-making with respect to technical change is an inherently political process’?
The use of ICT as a means of increased managerial surveillance should be strictly limited by serious concerns for the social and ethical issues that arise from monitoring workers’ activities and
New technology has resolved the control question. Managers can now draw back from a Tayloristic approach to the supervision of employees.’ discuss.
A manager who tries to ban the use of social media sites in the workplace is like King canute trying to turn back the tides. To what extent do you agree? What restrictions, if any, do you believe
Discuss the contention that a theoretical or practical perspective that sees technology as having independent effects upon people and organisations is misguided.
Publicly available online reviews of organisational performance provide the only quick and effective way for prospective customers to judge the likely quality of that organisation’s employees in
In what ways can ICT lead to the intensification of work? To what extent do you think that such developments are inevitable?
To make the best use of technology we must use it to support and develop the effectiveness of organisations, and not be tempted to adapt business activities to the technology. The tail must not be
How useful do you believe is Foucault’s ‘panopticon’ metaphor for understanding the surveillance potential of ICTs?
Critically consider what, if any, new issues social media and social networking raise for the study of technology and organisational behaviour.
Criticisms of control are totally misplaced. although they may not always openly admit it, most members of staff want to know exactly what is expected of them, be given clear lines of direction and
Give your own views on the controversial nature of management control. what do you see as the purpose and operation of control in work organisations?
The controversial nature of control means that some writers avoid the word and use alternative terms such as ‘monitoring’ or ‘evaluating’. But whatever wording is used, the process of
Detail, with supporting examples, the essential elements of a management control system.
Technology is the ultimate determinant of an effective control system, whether for mass-production systems, virtual teams or remote working, personal surveillance or working from home. There is not
Explain fully the main factors that are likely to affect resistance to, and the successful implementation of, management control systems.
Control systems would avoid all criticisms and negative reactions if the choice of strategy and essential characteristics were compatible with the nature and culture of the particular organisation.
Discuss critically the use of technology as a determinant of an effective control system, including any legal or social considerations.
Power is often associated with coercive and repressive features of social life but it is an inherent and necessary part of work organisations. what is important is the motivation for the use of power
Debate the extent to which you believe too much attention is given to financial and accounting systems of control at the expense of behavioural considerations.
Lack of power and influence is a potential source of frustration and stress. in reality, most people in the work organisation actively seek power. it is a natural characteristic of human behaviour
Explain fully the importance of the concept of power to management and organisational behaviour.
It is a poor manager who relies on the exercise of formal power and position within the hierarchical structure of control. personal power is the only way to achieve effective leadership influence and
Discuss critically the nature of pluralistic approaches to power and give your own practical examples.
The idea of empowerment and delegation is fine in theory. But if managers are still held accountable for performance of staff and any adverse consequences of their actions, it is only right that they
How would you explain the organisational and personal relationships between a manager and subordinate staff created by the process of empowerment?
Reasons for lack of effective delegation are easy to understand. it is faster and easier to do the work yourself and there is a reluctance to trust other people. The main problem is that few people
As a departmental manager, explain fully how you would attempt to realise the full advantages of delegation without loss of control over subordinate staff.
Discuss critically what you see as the likely consequences of a manager exercising close personal supervision as a means of maintaining control and power over the work of subordinate staff.
The most successful and enduring organisations are also those that give the greatest attention to the well-being of their staff and to their broader social and ethical responsibilities. To what
Explain fully the nature, purpose and importance of corporate strategy.
Understandably, much attention is given to the importance of corporate strategy but not enough attention is normally given to the human factor or how the strategy impacts on people in the
Identify examples of objectives and policy in your own university or organisation. to what extent do you agree with dryburgh’s assertion that SMART objectives are really dumb?
Successful and enduring organisations may well have a clear ideology and idealistic motivation but members of staff are more likely to be committed to the goals and performance of the organisation by
To what extent do you believe profit maximisation is a realistic criterion for the effective management of a business organisation? What other indicators might be applied in terms of organisational
The single, most important objective for the business organisation is profit maximisation, ideally combined with high monetary rewards for members of staff. this is the bottom line and the only
Discuss critically the practical worth of value or mission statements and the extent to which they are likely to inspire members of staff. Support your answer with actual examples.
An NHS trust chairperson was heavily criticised for maintaining that the primary loyalty of doctors was owed to their employers and that their duty to patients came third, after themselves. What is
Explain fully the concept and ramifications of corporate social responsibility (CSR).
In George bernard Shaw’s play Pygmalion (which later became the basis for the very successful musical My Fair Lady ), eliza doolittle’s father complains that he is too poor to afford
How would you attempt to explain the meaning and significance of organisational values and business ethics?
Of course guidelines on values and business ethics are important, but in times of economic recession organisation survival and obligations to the workforce should take precedence. it is
Compare and contrast the shareholder-centred and stakeholder approaches to social responsibilities for business. Which perspective do you tend to favour?
The stakeholder view of a business may appear ethically attractive but is too idealistic. the shareholder-centred view consistent with maximising owner wealth makes more sense. Without this wealth
Comment critically on the code of ethics (or code of professional conduct) for your university or organisation; or if one does not exist, draw up your own suggested code.
Provided companies comply fully with the laws of the land it is unfair to criticise them for behaving in a manner that benefits them most, even if this might be regarded as a breach of their social
Debate the extent to which you believe government legislation brings about a genuine advancement in the social responsibilities of organisations.
The harsh truth is that without EU intervention, government legislation and the threat of adverse press or television reports, the majority of organisations would give little regard to their social
Give your own views on the importance of, and amount of attention you believe should be given to, corporate social responsibilities and ethical behaviour.
The socialisation of new members into an organisation’s culture and climate is no more than a management control system and manipulation of the individual. it is therefore unethical and should be
Explain how you would attempt to explain the concept of organisational culture. What factors do you believe influence the development of culture?
It seems generally accepted that any organisational change will affect culture and that one of the main hurdles to effective adaption to change is the culture of the organisation. culture and change
Discuss critically how you view the relationships between organisational culture and change.
Attempting to analyse culture in terms of different levels or generic typologies is too simplistic and prescriptive. it serves no useful purpose in evaluating applications of management and
To what extent do you believe the culture of an organisation can be likened to the personality of an individual?
The idea that culture is a form of management control over the behaviour and identities of individuals is far too nebulous. it all depends on the personality and actions of immediate supervisors
What value do you place on different typologies of organisational culture?
The extent to which an individual’s needs and expectations at work are compatible with the culture of an organisation is probably the most important determinant of motivation and job satisfaction.
Discuss critically the extent to which the climate within your own university has influenced the enjoyment of, and motivation towards, your course of study.
The proliferation of definitions and explanations of culture, its anthropological origins and lack of clarity undermine its value to our understanding of organisational behaviour. it is too ambiguous
Explain fully how you see the main subject and focus of change.
Continuing organisational change is inevitable. it is Nothing new and a simple fact of life. there is no point in dwelling on the subject. it is easier just to accept the need to adapt to change as
Give specific examples of major change confronting management today and probable implications for your university and/or an organisation of your choice.
Some people actively thrive on new challenges and constant change, while others prefer the comfort of the status quo and strongly resist any change. it is all down to the personality of the
Explain fully why you think many people appear to exhibit a strong resistance to change. Where possible support your answer with actual examples.
The biggest difficulty with change is the associated fear and uncertainty. this is a natural reaction for most people. however, a participative style of management with full and open continuous
An organisation cannot develop, or change. it is the people comprising the organisation who determine the culture of the organisation, and who develop and change. the study of organisational culture
Explain fully what you believe are the most important features in the successful implementation and management of organisational change.
Given a forced-choice situation most people would prefer to work for an effective organisation that offers long-term job security and consistent high wages rather than an organisation that is more
Give your own views on the importance and contribution of managers to organisational effectiveness. support your answer with reference to your own university.
Technical competence can easily be learned and not all managers require conceptual ability, but someone with poor social and human skills can never become an effective manager. these attributes are
Explain what you see as the essential attributes, qualities and skills for a successful manager today.
Octavius Black, as above, draws attention to the emotional side of work and claims that a degree in psychology would be a better training ground for managers. What do you think? How well is your
What specific criteria and measures would you use to judge managerial effectiveness in any organisation of your choice?
The philosophy and actions of successful managers should include acknowledgement of mea culpa, the admission of responsibility for their failings and a clear open apology for their mistakes. Do YOU
Explain in your own words your understanding of what is meant by the learning organisation. to what extent is your own organisation a learning organisation?
Organisations have no separate identity of their own and do not exist without their members. the idea of a systematic, hierarchical and structured organisational learning approach is contrary to the
Discuss the practical applications of total quality management and related concepts.
Give your views on the relevance of: (i). Investors in people;(ii). The EFQM model for improved organisational effectiveness.
Explain fully those factors that have contributed to and/or detracted from your strength of engagement with and commitment to your university and/or any work situation.
Discuss the extent to which you believe there is a responsibility for your own continuous professional development and self-development.
Give your own views on how you see the future of management and the nature of successful organisations.
Detail the questions you would ask, and the specific criteria you would apply, in attempting to evaluate the performance and effectiveness of your own university.
Managers do not really have much influence. they follow where the organisation appears to be going, and avoid upsetting other people or making serious errors. People regarded as good managers are
How would you summarise the essential nature of managerial work? in what ways does the job of a manager differ from any other job in a work organisation?
According to Foppen, management is of pivotal importance for modern society and thinking about management at university level is of great relevance to management practice. To what extent is your
Give detailed reasons for whether you believe: (i) Managers are born or made;(ii) Management is an art or a science.
Despite criticisms of the prescriptive nature of activities and principles of management, they do provide important guidelines for establishing a framework within which the work of an organisation is

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