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management and organisational behaviour
Questions and Answers of
Management And Organisational Behaviour
1. Think about a possible job that represents what you consider to be your ideal or “fantasy”job. For discussion purposes, try to envision it as a job you would hold within a year of finishing
1. Form groups of five to seven members. Each group is assigned one of the following categories:1. Bank teller 2. Retail sales clerk 3. Manager, fast-food service (e.g., McDonald’s)4. Wait person
1. Read the following job descriptions and decide on a percentage pay increase for each of the eight employees.2. Make salary increase recommendations for each of the eight managers that you
The objective of this exercise is to experience what it is like being on the boundary of your team or organization and to experience the boundary person’s divided loyalties.1. As a full class,
Materials Needed 1 raw egg per group 6 plastic straws per group 1 yard of plastic tape 1 large plastic jar 1. Form into equal groups of five to seven people.2. The task is to drop an egg from the
Think about what it means to be a part of a team—a successful team. What makes one team more successful than another? What does each team member need to do in order for their team to be successful?
Think about your course work team, a work team you are involved in for another course, or any other team suggested by the instructor. Indicate how often each of the following statements accurately
1. Choose an organization you know quite a bit about.2. Complete the questionnaire below, indicating your responses using one of the following:If an employee in this organization were to . . . Most
The bipolar scales on this instrument can be used to evaluate a group’s process in a number of useful ways.Use it to measure where you see the group to be at present.To do this, circle the number
1. Form into groups as assigned by your instructor.2. Read the following situation.A number of years ago, Professor Stevens was asked to attend a departmental meeting at a university. He had been on
Procedure 1. Make an appointment to interview a leader. It can be a leader working in a business or nonprofit organization, such as a government agency, school, and so on. Base the interview on the
1. Look over the skills listed below and ask your instructor to clarify those you do not understand.2. Complete each category by checking either the “Strong” or “Needs Development”category in
1. For the 10 situations described here, decide which of the three styles you would use for that unique situation. Place the letter A, P, or L on the line before each situation’s
1. Refer to the list of qualities—or profiles—the class generated earlier in the course for the “Best Manager.”2. Looking first at your Typical Managers profile, suppose you took this list to
1. Review active listening skills and behaviors as described in the textbook and in class.2. Form into groups of three. Each group will have a listener, a talker, and an observer (if the number of
Procedure 1. Form workgroups as assigned by your instructor.2. The instructor will leave the room.3. Convene in your assigned workgroups for a period of 10 minutes. Create a list of comments,
The time of performance reviews is often a time of genuine anxiety for many organizational members. On the one hand, it is an important organizational ritual and a key part of the Human Resource
A role is the set of various behaviors people expect from a person (or group) in a particular position. These role expectations occur in all types of organizations, such as one’s place of work,
Consider this situation. You are adrift on a private yacht in the South Pacific when a fire of unknown origin destroys the yacht and most of its contents. You and a small group of survivors are now
Procedure 1. Form into groups of four or five members. In each group spend a few minutes reflecting on members’ typical entry behaviors in new situations and their behaviors when they are in
Procedure Can you solve this puzzle? Give it a try and then compare your answers with those of classmates. Remember your communicative skills!Puzzle Khalili, McCain, Middleton, Porter, and Quintaro
In most work settings, people need other people to do their job, benefit the organization, and forward their career. Getting things done in organizations requires us to work together in cooperation,
1. Think of a conflict situation at work or at school and try to re-create a segment of the dialogue that gets to the heart of the conflict.2. Write notes on the conflict dialogue using the following
1. Choose a situation in which you have high personal stakes (for example, how to get a better grade in course X; how to get a promotion; how to obtain a position).2. Using a version of the Sample
1. Find a copy of the following items from actual organizations. These items can be obtained from the company where you now work, a parent’s workplace, or the university.Universities have mission
A critical first step in improving or changing any organization is diagnosing or analyzing its present functioning.Many change and organization development efforts fall short of their objectives
This is an exercise in organizational culture. You will be assigned to a team (if you are not already in one) and instructed to visit an organization by your instructor.1. Visit the assigned site as
This exercise is designed to examine power and influence in the classroom setting.Specifically, it allows you to identify the combination of power bases used by your instructor in accomplishing his
Contrast the nature of management in (i) service and production industries; and (ii) private enterprise and public sector organisations.
Distinguish between different sets of attitudes and assumptions about people at work that might be held by managers. Give examples, preferably from your own experience, of how these different
Using the Blake and Mouton Managerial Grid (now the Leadership Grid), identify your likely dominant style of behaviour in dealing with subordinate staff. In what situations might you need to adopt a
Discuss what you see as the most important considerations in adopting a people-centred approach to management. What do you understand by the culture of management?
Explain your understanding of the process of perception. Why is the study of perception important in the study of management and organisational behaviour?
What do you understand by frustration-induced behaviour? Give a practical example, preferably from your own work experience, of each of the main forms of this behaviour.
Critically assess the practical value of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs model to improving the motivation of people at work. Give examples of the extent to which the theory could meaningfully be
Discuss critically the validity of the contention that the motivation for staff to work well depends on more than a high salary and good working conditions.
Explain your understanding of expectancy-based theories of motivation. Use a simple diagram to help explain an expectancy theory of your choice. What implications do expectancy theories of motivation
Give practical examples of situations in which each of the following theories of motivation might be appropriate: (i) achievement motivation; (ii) equity theory; (iii) goal theory.
Why do you think that increasing attention is being given to the work/life debate? As a manager, detail the main areas in which you could take action in order to improve the quality of working life
Evaluate critically the relationship between job satisfaction and effective work performance.Give reasons in support of your views.
What is meant by the terms ‘group’ and ‘team’? Explain the importance and influence of group values and norms, and give practical examples from within your own organisation.
What is meant by the role structure of an organisation? Construct a diagram which shows your own role-set within a work situation. Give examples of informal role expectations to which you are, or
Explain what is meant by: (a) ‘groupthink’; (b) the risky-shift phenomenon; and (c) brainstorming.Assess critically the likely standard of individual, compared with group or team, performance.
What do you understand by leader–situation models of leadership? Assess the practical value to the manager of: (i) Fiedler’s contingency model of leadership effectiveness; and (ii)Hersey and
Discuss the main sources of power and leadership influence. Give a practical example of each of these main sources of power and influence within your own organisation.
Explain clearly the nature and main features of transformational leadership. Give your own examples, with supporting reasons, of people you would regard as transformational leaders.Discuss critically
If you were a consultant on leadership, what areas of needs would you include in designing a leadership training programme for managers in a large work organisation? Justify your ideas.
What do you see as the importance of organisational ideology or philosophy? Explain the extent to which there is a clear ideology and/or set of principles which govern the overall conduct of your own
Discuss critically the extent to which profit maximisation is a sufficient criterion for the effective management of a business organisation. What other indicators might be applied in terms of
What is the importance of good structure? How does structure relate to the overall effectiveness of an organisation? Discuss critically the continuing importance of the hierarchy.
Debate critically how the ‘realities’ of organisational behaviour influence organisation structure and design. Give your own examples.
Discuss what you see as the likely consequences of a manager exercising close personal supervision as a means of maintaining control and power over the work of subordinate staff.
Discuss the importance of organisational culture for effective organisational performance.Give practical examples from your own organisation.
Explain the concept of employee commitment and suggest how it might actually be created.Give examples of factors which have contributed to your own strength of commitment in a work situation.
To what extent do you accept the view that conflict is an inevitable feature of management and organisational behaviour? Suggest how management can attempt to avoid the harmful effects of conflict.
Explain fully what you believe are the most important features in the successful implementation of organisational change.
Suggest main headings under which interrelated factors that influence behaviour in work organisations can best be identified. Where possible, give practical examples based on your experience.
Discuss how organisations may be viewed in terms of contrasting metaphors. Explain how you would apply these metaphors to an understanding of your own organisation.
Discuss with supporting examples the changing nature of the psychological contract. List (i) the personal expectations you have of your own organisation and (ii) what you believe to be the
Debate fully the importance of national culture to the study of management and organisational behaviour.Where possible, give your own actual examples.
To what extent is there anything positive to be said for bureaucratic structures? Select a large-scale organisation of your choice and suggest ways in which it displays characteristics of a
What are the main conclusions that can be drawn from the Hawthorne experiments? Discuss critically the relevance of these experiments for management and organisational behaviour today.
What is an organisation and why do organisations exist? What are the common factors in any organisation?
Why do you think increasing attention is being given to the work/life debate? As a senior manager, what steps would you take to help improve the quality of working life for staff?
What do you see as the main issues relating to the effective management of relationships at work?
You are required to interview one person from your work or study group to produce an assessment of their personality. What questions will you ask and how accurate do you feel your assessment will be?
To what extent do you see a clear differentiation between equal opportunities and the effective management of diversity?
Prepare a discussion document on organisational behaviour, gender and experiences at work.
Explain fully what you understand by the meaning and nature of learning.
Discuss how personalising learning is enhanced by new technologies.
What do you understand by the term ‘communities of practice’? Critically evaluate their importance in securing competitive advantage for organisations.
Illustrate the following learning concepts with examples from work or college:a reward b punishment c shaping.
Explain fully the meaning and nature of the learning cycle and its links with organisational behaviour.
Why is coaching and mentoring becoming a more common form of management learning in organisations?Discuss the implications.
Discuss those factors that affect selection and attention in the process of perception. Give your own examples of the importance of language and cultural differences.
Explain the most significant principles that influence the organisation and arrangement of stimuli. Provide your own example of each of these principles.
What do you understand by the dynamics of interpersonal perception? Explain the main distortions or errors that can occur in perceiving other people and support your answer with practical examples.
Discuss the importance of effective interpersonal communications and perception. What do you see as the practical benefits of Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) and Transactional Analysis (TA)?
What do you believe are the main causes and implications of perceptual distortions and errors?
What do you understand by frustration-induced behaviour? Give a practical example, preferably from your work experience, of each of the main forms of this behaviour.
Critically assess the practical value of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs model to improving the motivation of people at work. Give examples of the extent to which the theory could meaningfully be
Discuss critically the validity of the contention that the motivation for staff to work well depends on more than a high salary and good working conditions.
Explain your understanding of expectancy-based theories of motivation. Use a simple diagram to help explain an expectancy theory of your choice. What implications do expectancy theories of motivation
Give practical examples of situations in which each of the following theories of motivation might be appropriate: (i) achievement motivation; (ii) equity theory; (iii) goal theory.
Evaluate critically the relationship between motivation, job satisfaction and effective work performance. Give reasons in support of your views.
Distinguish between formal and informal groups and provide your own supporting examples. What functions do groups serve in an organisation?
Discuss critically the advantages and disadvantages of virtual teams and how you believe they are likely to develop in the future.
Explain what is meant by (a) ‘groupthink’, (b) the risky-shift phenomenon, and (c) brainstorming (or thought showers). Assess critically the likely standard of individual compared with group or
Using the Tannenbaum and Schmidt continuum, identify, with reasons, your preferred style of leadership. Give an example of a situation in which you might need to adopt an alternative style of
What do you understand by leader–situation models of leadership? Assess the practical value to the manager of: (i) Fiedler’s contingency model of leadership effectiveness, and (ii) Hersey and
Discuss the main sources of power and leadership influence. Give a practical example of each of these main sources of power and influence within your own organisation.
Explain clearly the nature and main features of transformational leadership. Give your own examples of people you would regard as transformational leaders. Discuss critically the relevance of
Discuss the main situational variables that are likely to influence the most appropriate form of managerial leadership behaviour. Detail three work situations in which a different style of leadership
What are the important differences between the Classical School of Management(including Taylorism) and the Human Relations School? Why are these important for how we work and manage in organisations?
How would you organise the preparation of food and service within a fast food outlet? In what ways do these practices reflect Frederick Taylor’s approach?
How is a manager’s work influenced by how he or she ‘sees’ the organisation?For example, if they view it as needing to be a ‘well-oiled machine’ how would they manage? If they saw their
Identify three leading characters who have been in the news during the last two weeks and identify their behavioural characteristics and personality traits, drawing on material from the chapter. What
‘Personality tests have no value in terms of contributing to the recruitment process.’ Discuss.
Given that perceptual impressions are usually made in the first two minutes of meeting someone, evaluate the extent to which these perceptions might be altered. What are the implications of this
Try and identify three key decisions that you made this week and relate these to theories on decision making discussed in the text. To what extent do you feel you are a rational decision maker and
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