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business
principles of organizational behavior

Questions and Answers of Principles Of Organizational Behavior

Is it appropriate for managers to set higher goals for some associates and lower goals for others performing the same job?Why or why not? (L01)
Suppose a manager has provided what she believes is an equitable reward to an associate, but he does not believe it is fair.What are the manager’s responsibilities to the associate? (L01)
If the rewards provided are equitable, must the process used in providing them be fair? Why or why not? (L01)
Is there anything wrong with providing no pay increase to a person whose performance is average or below average? What are the implications of this action? (L01)
Considering the various theories of motivation, what integrative practices can managers use to increase motivation? (L01)
What are the basic tenets of goal-setting theory? What should a manager keep in mind when engaging in goal setting with his associates? (L01)
What do equity theory and ideas from procedural justice suggest about motivation? How do fairness judgments influence work motivation, and how can managers ensure that associates perceive judgments
What does expectancy theory suggest about people and motivation at work? When does expectancy theory best explain motivation? What implications does this theory have for managers? (L01)
What does Herzberg’s two-factor theory of motivation say about human motivation? How has it influenced current management practice? (L01)
How do need for achievement, need for affiliation, and need for power differ? How do these needs relate to work performance and motivation? How would you distinguish McClelland’s notion of needs
What assumptions does Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs make about human motivation? How can managers use this theory to motivate associates? (L01)
What do we mean by work motivation, and how does it relate to individual performance in the workplace? Why is individual work motivation important to organizational success? (L01)
Based on all major theories of work motivation, describe specific integrative practices that can be used to increase and sustain employee motivation(e.g., redesigning jobs in specific ways). (L01)
Explain how goal-setting theory can be used to motivate associates. (L01)
Understand equity theory and procedural justice, and discuss how fairness judgments influence work motivation. (L01)
Discuss the application of expectancy theory to motivation.
Explain how Herzberg’s two-factor theory of motivation has influenced current management practice. (L01)
Describe how need for achievement, need for affiliation, and need for power relate to work motivation and performance. (L01)
Discuss how managers can use Maslow’s needs hierarchy to motivate associates. (L01)
Define work motivation and explain why it is important to organizational success. (L01)
If you control resources that are critical to an organization, you have power. Are there circumstances in which it would be acceptable to use that power to garner more resources for your unit (and
You are chairman of the board and CEO of a major corporation.Is it appropriate for you to select the other board members? Why or why not?p. 408
Under what circumstances is it ethically appropriate to use coercive power? When should managers not use coercive power to deal with problems in organizations?p. 408
A manager recently hired five new associates in her unit, all of whom have excellent knowledge and skills. Each was offered a beginning annual salary of $100,000. Four of them accepted the salary
Do managers have a responsibility to ensure that conflict is functional or to eliminate dysfunctional conflict?p. 408
Why is political behavior common in organizations? How do people go about carrying out political behavior, and what makes them successful at it?p. 408
Why is the exercise of power necessary for organizations to operate effectively? What are some of the ways in which people gain power in organizations?p. 408
Describe basic negotiating strategies and the tactics most likely to accomplish those strategies. Which strategy fits your personality the best?p. 408
What is conflict escalation, and what conditions make it likely? In general, how can people respond to conflict, and under what circumstances is each type of response most effective?p. 408
Why does conflict often develop? In your opinion, which cause of conflict is the most difficult to manage?p. 408
Under what circumstances can conflict be functional? When is conflict dysfunctional? Which of the basic types of conflict are likely to be dysfunctional, and why?p. 408
Define organizational politics and the tactics used to carry out political behavior.p. 408
Explain why organizations must have power to function, and discuss how people gain power in organizations.p. 408
Describe the basic negotiation process as well as effective strategies and tactics for negotiating.p. 408
Describe conflict escalation, various outcomes of conflict, how people respond to conflict, and under what circumstances each type of response is best.p. 408
Discuss common causes of conflict, including causes related to structure, communication, cognition, individual characteristics, and history.p. 408
Explain how conflict can be either functional or dysfunctional, and distinguish among various types of conflict.p. 408
If an individual observes a group decision in which groupthink has occurred, does she have an obligation to report it to her superiors to prevent a serious error in the decision for the organization?
You are charged with the responsibility of deciding the location for the new manufacturing plant in your division. The existing facility is old. The new facility will use advanced technology, but the
What are the major factors to consider in group decision making? Related to this type of decision making, please consider the following questions:a. Compare the four primary pitfalls of group
What are the major factors to consider in individual decision making? Related to this type of decision making, please consider the following questions:a. What are the four Jungian decision styles,
Describe important decision-making factors for groups, including common pitfalls and essential group decision-making techniques.
Discuss important factors related to individual decision making, including decision-making styles, reference points for risk, cognitive biases, and moods and emotions.
“Happy employees lead to happy customers.” Explain why this statement tends to be true and identify conditions in which it might not Page 148 be true.
What can individuals, leaders, and organizations do to effectively manage diversity? What does a diversity program need to be effective? How could you determine if your diversity program was
What is globalization?
What is an organization? What are the defining characteristics of an organization?
Under what circumstances should communication messages be somewhat ambiguous? Under what conditions is ambiguous Page 357 communication dysfunctional?
Your employees are skilled and experienced customer service representatives who perform nonroutine tasks, such as solving unique customer problems. Use path–goal theory to identify the most
Find two job advertisements for management or executive positions.What leadership personal attributes are mentioned in these ads? If you were on the selection panel, what methods would you use to
How do you think emotional, cognitive, and practical intelligence influence authentic leadership?
What are the challenges for the organization and for employees who work remotely in terms of their effectiveness and well-being in this work arrangement?Provide specific examples. Several firms
What personal characteristics enable some people to work remotely better (or worse) than other people? Why are those attributes important?
How can leaders (supervisors to executives) support and maintain the performance of remote workers? Provide specific examples from your experience as a remote worker, a supervisor of remote workers,
What are the challenges for the organization and for employees who work as agency employees or contractors in terms of their effectiveness and well-being in this work arrangement? Provide specific
What personal characteristics enable some people to work as agency/contract workers better (or worse) than other people? Why are those attributes important?
How can leaders (supervisors to executives) support and maintain the performance of agency and contract workers who are not their own employees? Provide specific examples from your experience as an
The chief operating officer (COO) has noticed that production employees in the company’s Mexican manufacturing operations are unhappy with some of the production engineering decisions made by
Think of a difficult goal that you’ve set for yourself. Do you find it motivating or discouraging? Explain.
Critique the system of SMART goals. Is the concept useful? What components, if any, are missing?
What would you predict might be the most revealing type of information gathered through the 360-degree feedback?
Do you think competition helps with goal achievement under all circumstances?
Describe a situation where you have used a self-generated reward. Was it effective?
How is equity theory related to goal achievement?
Have you ever made a personal goal public in the hope that it would help you accomplish it? Explain.
What type of tracking systems have you used to help record your progress toward meeting a particular goal? Did it work?
What motivates you to accomplish difficult but important goals?
What, specifically, can a manager do to recognize employees for accomplishing a goal?
Create one personal goal statement. Make sure the goal is achievable and important.
Using the personal goal you have just set for yourself, go through as many of the steps above as possible.
How would you complete the brainstorming process if you were Dutton? Has she cataloged all options? Has she made any errors in the process so far?
How would you prioritize the list of alternatives?
Make a choice and begin to map a strategy for how to accomplish the goal.
How would you deal with some of the limitations of the alternatives?
Which limitations cause you to discard the alternative as a possibility?
Which limitations can be mitigated? What would you do?
Explain the sources of conflict.
Describe the stages in which conflict develops.
Define the three categories of conflict.
Discuss the importance of managing conflict.
Identify and define each style of conflict management.
Understand the differences between mediation and negotiation.
Describe how managers should deal with problematic behavior.
Discuss how the devil’s advocacy technique and the dialectic model encourage functional conflict.
Describe a recent interpersonal conflict you’ve experienced.
What are the specific consequences you’ve experienced of unresolved conflict?
How does emotion influence your behavior in conflict situations?
Which conflict style feels most comfortable to you? Give an example of when you have approached a conflict in each of the five ways.
Are there other ways in which managers can try to prevent or reduce potentially disruptive conflicts?
Describe what the physical situation would look like if you were responsible for creating a non-threatening environment.
Have you been involved in a negotiation situation? If so, describe the issue and the outcome. Would you do anything differently if you were to engage in this activity again?
Which of the personalities described above do you personally find most difficult to work with? Explain .
Do you often play devil’s advocate? What has been your experience with this technique in the groups in which you have participated?
Were you able to persuade your partner?
How effective were you in your persuasion?
How did you feel when you responded using supportive sentences?
What are the benefits of nonconfrontational response?
How did you feel when you switched roles and started arguing for an opposite point of view?
Discuss how the use of supportive sentences influences one person’s attitude toward the person with an opposite view.
Identify three sources of motivation.

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