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Questions and Answers of
Business Statistics
The paper “Examining Communication- and Media- Based Recreational Sedentary Behaviors Among Canadian Youth: Results from the COMPASS Study” (Preventive Medicine [2015]: 74–80) estimated that
The events E and Ti are defined as E = the event that someone who is out of work and actively looking for work will find a job within the next month and Ti = the event that someone who is currently
An author has written a book and submitted it to a publisher. The publisher offers to print the book and gives the author the choice between a flat payment of $10,000 and a royalty plan. Under the
Refer to the information given in Exercise 7.39. a. Calculate the mean and variance of z 5 total number of vehicles (cars and buses) on the ferry. b. Calculate the mean and variance of w 5 total
Refer to the information given in Exercise 7.39. a. Calculate the mean and variance of the total amount of money collected in tolls from cars. b. Calculate the mean and variance of the total amount
Exercise 7.8 gave the following probability distribution for x = the number of courses for which a randomly selected student at a certain university is registered: For this probability
Referring to the previous exercise, use the result of Part (a) along with the fact that a carton contains 12 eggs to determine the mean value of z = the number of unbroken eggs. z can be written as a
Consider selecting a household in rural Thailand at random. Define the random variable x to bex = number of individuals living in the selected householdBased on information in an article that
The density curve for the random variable w (the sum of two wait times) is given in the previous exercise. What is the probability that w is between 10 and 30? It might be easier first to find the
The article “Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Infrastructure Networks Subjected to Hurricanes” (12th International Conference on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering,
The accompanying data on x = student-teacher ratio for a random sample of 25 high schools in Maine selected from a population of 85 high schools are consistent with summary values for the state of
Components coming off an assembly line are either free of defects (S, for success) or defective (F, for failure). Suppose that 70% of the components are defect-free. Components are independently
Of all airline flight requests received by a certain discount ticket broker, 70% are for domestic travel (D) and 30% are for international flights (I). Define the random variable x to be the number
Simulate the chance experiment described in the previous exercise using five slips of paper, with two marked defective and three marked not defective.Place the slips in a box, mix them well, and draw
Refer to the previous exercise. Suppose that because of the high rate of false-positives for the drug test, Mumble.com has instituted a mandatory independent second test for those who test positive
Suppose that a new Internet company Mumble .com requires all employees to take a drug test. Mumble .com can afford only the inexpensive drug test—the one with a 5% false-positive rate and a 10%
According to a study conducted by a risk assessment firm (Associated Press, December 8, 2005), drivers residing within 1 mile of a restaurant are 30% more likely to be in an accident in a given
The Cedar Rapids Gazette (November 20, 1999) reported the following information on compliance with child restraint laws for cities in Iowa: a. Use the information provided to estimate the following
The article “Doctors Misdiagnose More Women, Blacks” (San Luis Obispo Tribune, April 20, 2000) gave the following information, which is based on a large study of more than 10,000 patients treated
Two shipping services offer overnight delivery of parcels, and both promise delivery before 10 a.m. A mailorder catalog company ships 30% of its overnight packages using service 1 and 70% using
A person stands at the corner marked A of the square pictured in Exercise 7.4 and tosses a coin. If it lands heads up, the person moves one corner clockwise, to B. If the coin lands tails up, the
Beverly is building a fireplace. She is using handmade decorative 8-inch bricks for the bottom row of the fireplace. Although the bricks are advertised as 8-inch bricks, the actual length of a brick
A point is randomly selected on the surface of a lake that has a maximum depth of 100 feet. Let y be the depth of the lake at the randomly chosen point.a. What are possible values of y?b. Is y
The following quote is from USA TODAY (January 21, 2010):Most Americans think the Census is important, and the majority say they will participate in the count this spring— although Hispanics,
A point is randomly selected from the interior of the square pictured. Let x denote the distance from the lower left-hand corner A of the square to the selected point.? a. What are possible values
Suppose that a box contains 25 light bulbs, of which 20 are good and the other 5 are defective. Consider randomly selecting three bulbs without replacement.Let E denote the event that the first bulb
Refer to Exercise 6.116, but now suppose that two viewers are randomly selected (without replacement). Let R1 and R2 denote the events that the first and second individuals, respectively, watched an
A theater complex is currently showing four R-rated movies, three PG-13 movies, two PG movies, and one G movie. The following table gives the number of people at the first showing of each movie on a
The general addition rule for three events states that A new magazine publishes columns entitled ?Art? (A), ?Books? (B), and ?Cinema? (C). Suppose that 14% of all subscribers read A23% read B 37%
In a school machine shop, 60% of all machine breakdowns occur on lathes and 15% occur on drill presses. Let E denote the event that the next machine breakdown is on a lathe, and let F denote the
A study of the impact of seeking a second opinion about a medical condition is described in the paper “Evaluation of Outcomes from a National Patient-Initiated Second Opinion Program” (The
The following table summarizing data on smoking status and age group is consistent with summary quantities obtained in a Gallup Poll published in the online article ?In U.S., Young Adults? Cigarette
The article “Obesity, Smoking Damage U.S. Economy,” which appeared in the Gallup Online Business Journal (gallup.com, September 7, 2016, retrieved April 25, 2017), reported that based on a large
False positive results are not uncommon with mammograms, a test used to screen for breast cancer. For a woman who has a positive mammogram, the probability that she actually has breast cancer is less
Four students must work together on a group project. They decide that each will take responsibility for a particular part of the project, as follows: Because of the way the tasks have been divided,
On April 1, 2010, the Bureau of the Census in the United States attempted to count every U.S. resident. Suppose that the counts in the table given below are obtained for four counties in one
The report ?Airline Quality Rating 2016? (airlinequalityrating.com/reports/2016_AQR_Final .pdf, retrieved April 25, 2017) provides an overview of the complaints about airlines received by the U.S.
The paper referenced in the previous exercise also included data for a second radiologist, Radiologist 2. Based on the data from the previous exercise for Radiologist 1 and the data in the
Radiologists are often asked to predict the sex of a baby from ultrasound images made during pregnancy. The authors of the paper ?The Use of Three Dimensional Ultrasound for Fetal Gender
The article “U.S. Investors Split Between Digital and Traditional Banking” (gallup.com, August 5, 2016, retrieved April 25, 2017) summarized data from a Gallup survey of a random sample of 1019
Suppose that we define the following events:C = event that a randomly selected driver is observed to be using a cell phoneA = event that a randomly selected driver is observed driving a passenger
Refer to the information given in the previous exercise about customers of a large cable company.a. Suppose two customers are to be selected at random. Would it be reasonable to consider the events
Let F denote the event that a randomly selected registered voter in a certain city has signed a petition to recall the mayor. Also, let E denote the event that the randomly selected registered voter
A university has 10 vehicles available for use by faculty and staff. Six of these are vans and four are cars. On a particular day, only two requests for vehicles have been made. Suppose that the two
Refer to the previous exercise. Suppose now that for a probability question, 100 answers are submitted, of which 50 are correct. Calculate the probabilities in Parts (a) and (b) of the previous
The National Public Radio show Car Talk used to have a feature called “The Puzzler.” Listeners were asked to send in answers to some puzzling questions—usually about cars but sometimes about
A store sells two different brands of dishwasher soap, and each brand comes in three different sizes: small (S), medium (M), and large (L). The proportions of the two brands and of the three sizes
Consider the following events:T = event that a randomly selected adult trusts credit card companies to safeguard his or her personal dataM = event that a randomly selected adult is between the ages
In a January 2016 Harris Poll, each of 2252 American adults was asked the following question:If you had to choose, which ONE of the following sports would you say is your favorite?” (“Pro
The report “Great Jobs, Great Lives. The Relationship Between Student Debt, Experiences and Perceptions of College Worth” (Gallup-Purdue Index 2015 Report) gave information on the percentage of
The report “TV Drama/Comedy Viewers and Health Information” (cdc.gov/healthcommunication/pdf /healthstyles_2005.pdf, retrieved April 25, 2017) describes the results of a large survey that was
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration requires each U.S. state to carry out an observational study to assess the level of seat belt use in the state. The report ?2015 Utah Seat Belt Use
The report ?2015 Utah Seat Belt Use Survey? (Utah Department of Public Safety?Highway Safety Office, September 14, 2015) stated that based on observing a large number of vehicle occupants, the
The paper ?Accuracy and Reliability of Self-Reported Weight and Height in the Sister Study? (Public Health Nutrition [2012]: 989?999) investigates whether women accurately report their weight. The
The newspaper article “Folic Acid Might Reduce Risk of Down Syndrome” (USA TODAY, September 29, 1999) makes the following statement: “Older women are at a greater risk of giving birth to a baby
The article ?Americans Growing More Concerned About Head Injuries in Football? (theharrispoll.com, December 21, 2015) describes a survey of 2096 adult Americans. Survey participants were asked if
The following graphical display is similar to one that appeared in USA TODAY (January 8, 2010).? Use the information in this display to answer the following questions. Assume that the percentages
The article ?Chances Are You Know Someone with a Tattoo, and He?s Not a Sailor? (Associated Press, June 11, 2006) included results from a survey of adults aged 18 to 50. The accompanying data are
Two different airlines have a flight from Los Angeles to New York that departs each weekday morning at a certain time. Suppose that E denotes the event that the first airline’s flight is fully
The same issue of The Chronicle for Higher Education Almanac referenced in the previous exercise also reported the following information for Ph.D. degrees awarded by U.S. colleges in the 2013–2014
According to The Chronicle for Higher Education Almanac (2016), there were 1,003,329 Associate degrees awarded by U.S. community colleges in the 2013–2014 academic year. A total of 613,034 of these
The report “Teens, Social Media & Technology Overview 2015” (Pew Research Center, April 9, 2015) summarized data from a large survey of teens age 13 to 17. Of those surveyed, 71% use Facebook
Medical insurance status—covered (C) or not covered (N)—is determined for each individual arriving for treatment at a hospital’s emergency room. Consider the chance experiment in which this
Consider the chance experiment described in the previous exercise. a. For customers who purchase a single book, the estimated probabilities for the different possible outcomes are given in the cells
A bookstore sells two types of books (fiction and nonfiction) in several formats (hardcover, paperback, digital, and audio). For the chance experiment that consists of observing the type and format
Consider the chance experiment described in the previous exercise. a. What is the estimated probability that a randomly selected customer downloads five or more songs? b. What is the estimated
The manager of an online music store has kept records of the number of songs downloaded in a single transaction by customers who make a purchase at the store. Consider the chance experiment of
Consider the chance experiment described in the previous exercise. Suppose that the probability of an overnight delivery selection is 0.1, the probability of a second-day delivery selection is 0.3,
A large department store offers online ordering. When a purchase is made online, the customer can select one of four different delivery options: expedited overnight delivery, expedited second-day
Consider a Venn diagram picturing two events A and B that are not mutually exclusive.a. Shade the event (A ⋃ B)C. On a separate Venn diagram shade the event AC ⋂ BC. How are these two events
Using the outcomes for the chance experiment described in the previous exercise, identify outcomes in each of the following events:a. BCb. CCc. A ⋃ Bd. A ⋂ Be. A ⋂ CPrevious exerciseSuppose
Refer to the previous exercise and now suppose that the chance experiment terminates only when two nondefective batteries have been obtained.a. Let A denote the event that at most three batteries
Suppose that, starting at a certain time, batteries coming off an assembly line are examined one by one to see whether they are defective (let D = defective and N = not defective). The chance
A new model of laptop computer can be ordered with one of three screen sizes (10 inches, 12 inches, 15 inches) and one of four hard drive sizes (50 GB, 100 GB, 150 GB, and 200 GB). Consider the
Refer to the chance experiment described in the previous exercise. a. Head, Prince, and Wilson are U.S. companies and the others are not. Let C denote the event that the racket purchased is made by a
A tennis shop sells five different brands of rackets, each of which comes in either a midsize version or an oversize version. Consider the chance experiment in which brand and size are noted for the
Refer to the chance experiment described in the previous exercise and the sample space for that experiment.a. List the outcomes in each of the following events. Which of these events are simple
Consider the chance experiment in which the type of transmission automatic (A) or manual (M)—is recorded for each of the next two cars purchased from a certain dealer.a. What is the set of all
Define the term sample space, and then give the sample space for the chance experiment you described in Exercise 6.1.Exercise 6.1Define the term chance experiment, and give an example of a chance
Define the term chance experiment, and give an example of a chance experiment with four possible outcomes.
The following quote is from the paper “The Weight of the Bottle as a Possible Extrinsic Clue with Which to Estimate the Price (and Quality) of the Wine? Observed Correlations” (Food Quality and
The paper ?Depression, Body Mass Index, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?A Holistic Approach? (International Journal of COPD [2016]:239?249) gave data on change in body mass index (BMI in
Refer to the heart transplant data given in the previous exercise.a. Find a transformation of x and/or y that straightens the plot. Construct a scatterplot for your transformed variables.b. Using the
The following table gives the number of heart transplants performed in the Unites States each year from 2006 to 2015 (U.S. Department of Health and Human
Food intake of grazing animals is limited by the rate grass can be chewed and swallowed, as well as the rate at which food can be digested. The authors of the paper “What Constrains Daily Intake in
Use the information provided in the previous exercise to answer the following questions. a. Here are the values of x9 = log(x) and y9 = log(y): Construct a scatterplot of these transformed data,
The accompanying data are a subset of data from the report “Great Jobs, Great Lives” (Gallup-Purdue Index2015 Report, gallup.com/reports/197144/gallup-purdue-index-report-2015.aspx, retrieved
The article ?$115K! The 13 Best Paying U.S. Companies? (USA TODAY, August 11, 2015) gave the following data on median worker pay (in thousands of dollars) and the 1-year percent change in stock price
The first Batman movie was made over 50 years ago in 1966. Over the years, Batman has been played on screen by a number of actors and even by a Lego figure in the Lego Batman movies. In the original
Acrylamide is a chemical that is sometimes found in cooked starchy foods and which is thought to increase the risk of certain kinds of cancer. The paper “A Statistical Regression Model for the
The report ?Airline Quality Rating 2016? (airlinequalityrating.com/reports/2016_AQR_Final.pdf, retrieved April 22, 2017) included the data for 13 U.S. airlines given in the table below. a. With x 5
Does it pay to stay in school? The report Trends in Higher Education (The College Board, 2010) looked at the median hourly wage gain per additional year of schooling. The report states that workers
The California State Park System Statistical Report for the 2014/2015 Fiscal Year (parks.ca.gov/pages/795/files/14-15%20Statistical%20 Report%20-%20INTERNET.pdf) gave the accompanying data on x 5
The data given in the previous exercise on x = Callto-shock time (in minutes) and y = Survival rate (percent) were used to compute the equation of the least-squares line, which was ŷ = 101.33 -
Acrylamide is a chemical that is sometimes found in cooked starchy foods and which is thought to increase the risk of certain kinds of cancer. The paper “A Statistical Regression Model for the
The report ?Airline Quality Rating 2016? (airlinequalityrating.com/reports/2016_AQR_Final .pdf) included the accompanying data on the on-time arrival percentage and the number of complaints filed per
The accompanying data are a subset of data from the report “Great Jobs, Great Lives” (Gallup-PurdueIndex 2015 Report, gallup.com/reports/197144 /gallup-purdue index-report-2015.aspx). The values
The article ?$115K! The 13 Best Paying U.S. Companies? (USA TODAY, August 11, 2015) gave the following data on median worker pay (in thousands of dollars) and the 1-year percent change in stock price
Data from the U.S. Federal Reserve Board (federalreserve.gov/releases/housedebt/, retrieved April 21, 2017) on consumer debt (as a percentage of personal income) and mortgage debt (also as a
Below are the data used to construct the time series plots in the previous exercise. Calculate the value of the correlation coefficient for the amount spent on science, space, and technology and the
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