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industrial organizational psychology understanding the workplace

Questions and Answers of Industrial Organizational Psychology Understanding The Workplace

1. Which of the following infants is most likely to have the fewest neural connections?a. A 1-month-oldb. A 4-month-oldc. A 1-year-oldd. A 2-year-old
3. Which of the following is most characteristic of the germinal stage of prenatal development?a. Cell divisionb. Viabilityc. Birth defectsd. Formation of major body systems
2. Loretta is in her 5th month of pregnancy. What stage of development is her unborn child in?a. Germinalb. Zygotec. Embryonicd. Fetal
1. Dr. Newhart is investigating if mental stimulation in infancy can impact childhood intelligence and behavior. Dr. Newhart’s research emphasizes _______.a. nature’s influence on developmentb.
9.8 Describe and apply the three phases of grief.
9.8 Describe and apply the emotional reactions that characterize dying people, according to Kübler-Ross. (APA 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 5.1)
9.7 Explain the predictable changes people experience in career development. (APA 1.1, 1.3)
9.7 Describe the varieties of social relations in adolescence and adulthood. (APA 1.1, 1.3, 2.2, 2.5, 4.1)
9.7 Define and describe the transitional phase of development referred to as emerging adulthood.(APA 1.1, 2.5)
9.6 Describe changes in mental abilities in adulthood.(APA 1.1, 1.3, 2.2, 4.1)
9.6 Compare and contrast formal operations and postformal thought in adolescence and adulthood, and apply them to behavior. (APA 1.1, 1.2)
9.4 Explain gender-schema theory, and describe how nature and nurture influence gender-role behavior and gender identity. (APA 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 5.1)
9.7 development, and indicate the possible positive and negative outcomes at each stage. (APA 1.1. 1.2)
9.4 & Detail Erikson’s theory of psychosocial
9.7 that Baumrind documented, and explain the new roles and responsibilities of being a parent. (APA 1.1, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 4.1)
9.4 & Describe and apply the parenting styles
9.4 Describe behaviors that indicate that an attachment has been formed, and distinguish among different attachment patterns. (APA 1.1, 1.3, 2.1, 2.4, 2.5, 5.1)
9.4 Define temperament, and distinguish among the three infant temperamental styles. (APA 1.1)
9.3 Compare and contrast Kohlberg’s and Gilligan’s theories of moral reasoning, and apply these theories to moral decisions. (APA 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.5)
9.3 Compare and contrast Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s theories of cognitive development, and apply these theories to children’s behavior. (APA 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.5, 5.1)
9.3 Describe the development of infant perceptual abilities, and explain how it relates to cognitive development. (APA 1.1, 1.3)
9.2 Describe major physical changes across the life span and how they impact cognitive and psychosocial development. (APA 1.1, 1.3, 5.1)
9.1 Identify and describe the three stages of prenatal development, and explain the importance of a positive prenatal environment. (APA 1.1, 1.3, 2.2, 5.1)
9.1 Explain the nature-nurture issue and how it leads to diversity in behavior. (APA 1.2, 2.1)
5. How could cultural bias in intelligence testing facilitate the development or maintenance of racial prejudices(Chapter 10)?
4. Damage to which areas of the brain (Chapter 2) would be most likely to impair a person’s ability to use language?Would this damage also affect the person’s problem-solving skills? Explain.
3. Given what you have learned about language, intelligence, and psychology in general, what advice would you give a first-time parent who is concerned about raising the best child he or she can?
2. Presume that someday we finally do provide conclusive evidence that animals have linguistic abilities.How do you think this would change research in psychology and other sciences?
1. How could Lev Vygotsky’s idea (see Chapter 9) of the zone of proximal development be useful to child caregivers who wish to improve a child’s language development?
5. Examine the theories of multiple intelligences that you read about in this chapter. Are there any types of intelligence that you feel were overlooked in these theories? Why or why not?
4. Describe the stages that children go through as they develop language and give an example of each. If you wanted to raise a bilingual child, how do you think you could best accomplish this?
3. Give an original example of an ill-structured and a well-structured problem.
2. Make a case for why one would want to use heuristics for solving problems and making decisions and judgments.
1. What abilities define our concept of an intelligent person in the United States? What abilities do you think would define the concept of an intelligent person in rural Africa?
20. Your specific level of intelligence is due to your.a. genotypeb. genotype and nurture influencesc. genotype and nature influencesd. nature influences
19. As we age, intelligence tends to decline, but intelligence tends to increase.a. fluid; crystallizedb. crystallized; fluidc. practical; analyticald. analytical; practical
18. An intelligence test must be to be of use to psychologists.a. reliableb. validc. culturally biasedd. a and b
17. David Wechsler did which of the following?a. He developed the first intelligence test.b. He moved psychologists away from using the concept of mental age to calculate IQ scores.c. He introduced
16. Six-year-old Tasha scores as well as the average 10-year-old on an intelligence test. Tasha’s IQ score is approximately .a. 100b. 134c. 167d. 182
15. is credited with being the father of the modern intelligence test.a. Francis Galtonb. Alfred Binetc. Robert Sternbergd. Lewis Terman
14. According to the text, which of the following species have not been shown to possibly possess linguistic skills?a. Parrotsc. Chimpanzeesb. Horsesd. Dolphins
13. Who would most agree with the statement “A Spanish-speaking person and an English-speaking person will necessarily have different perceptions of the world”?a. Lewis Termanb. Noam Chomskyc.
12. Lamond is 5 months old. At which stage of language development would you most expect him to be?a. Cooingb. Babblingc. One-word speechd. Telegraphic speech
11. The English prefix pro- is an example of a(n) .a. phonemeb. morphemec. pragmaticd. overextension
10. After watching a show on global warming, Mitch overestimates the average yearly temperature for his hometown. Mitch’s error is most likely due to .a. the availability heuristicb. the
9. Reasoning that because many larger cars and trucks get poorer gas mileage, a Hummer must get very poor mileage is an example of .a. inductive reasoningb. deductive reasoningc. dialectical
8. Which of the following is not an aid to problem solving?a. A mental setb. Incubationc. Creativityd. Insight
7. Determining the best location for the family vacation is most likely an example of a(n) .a. well-structured problemb. ill-structured problemc. judgmentd. insight
6. Using a formula to calculate the gas mileage on your car is an example of a(n) .a. algorithmb. heuristicc. exemplard. judgment
5. Which of the following is most likely an example of a natural concept?a. Furnitureb. Sofac. Wing-back chaird. Housewares
4. Given the concepts crab, seafood, King crab, and Opilio crab, which one represents the basic level category?a. Crabb. Seafoodc. Opilio crabd. King crab
3. The available evidence most strongly suggests that we store mental representations of stimuli that are of what we see.a. exact visual copiesb. only verbal descriptionsc. both verbal descriptions
2. The idea of what a giraffe is, is an example of a(n).a. mental representationb. judgmentc. imaged. heuristic
1. is the information we have stored in our longterm memory about the world.a. Thinkingb. Memoryc. Cognitiond. Knowledge
5. Janelle is a 14 year-old African American female.Jonah is a 14 year-old White male. Based on this information, we can assume that .a. Janelle will have a lower IQ than Jonahb. Janelle will be
4. On which of Sternberg’s types of intelligence would Kim Peek likely have scored highly?a. Analyticalb. Practicalc. Creatived. None of the above
3. One day, Sabrina’s front door started squeaking at the hinges. She was out of the spray lubricant that she would normally use for this purpose, so she went to her kitchen and got a bottle of
2. Gilbert recently developed a new intelligence test that he plans to administer to second-grade children, but when he wrote the questions, he used an adultlevel vocabulary. Based on your
1. Which psychologist would be most likely to agree with the following statements: “Intelligence is not a single ability. We do not possess intelligence. We possess many intelligences.”a. Robert
3. One’s language can influence one’s .a. speechb. memoryc. perceptiond. All of the above
2. Which of the following people would be the most likely to agree with the statement “Language facilitates the development of culture”?a. Lev Vygotskyb. Benjamin Whorfc. Sue Savage-Rumbaughd.
1. Babies begin when they begin to make sounds.a. cooing; consonantb. babbling; vowelc. cooing; vowel and consonantd. babbling; vowel and consonant
5. Based on his observations of the world, Dr. Ali develops the hypothesis that older people are more difficult to persuade than younger people are. In formulating hypotheses such as this one,
4. Which of the following is an example of deductive reasoning?a. Because Jared received a traffic ticket, he must have broken a traffic law.b. Because your psychology professor is friendly,
3. Of the 100 people in Harry’s psychology class, 60 are education majors and 40 are psychology majors.Yet when Harry first met a classmate named Sally, he guessed that there was a 90% chance that
2. Jonas is hesitant to invest in real estate because he believes that he can make more money in the stock market than he can in the housing market. Jonas is exhibiting .a. loss aversionb. risk
1. It has been unseasonably hot and dry for the last month. Today, you are asked to predict the probability that prolonged heat and drought will occur in the next century. You are likely to this
4. Based on what you know about Kim Peek, which of the following cognitive tasks would likely be easiest for him to accomplish?a. Using creativity to solve a problemb. Solving a well-structured
3. Sue used a chair with wheels to carry a big load of books to her car. She piled the books in the seat of the chair and pushed it to her car. Trina made several trips carrying books by hand, even
2. Incubation sometimes aids problem solving because it .a. reduces fatigueb. improves deductive reasoningc. allows us to forget unproductive strategiesd. improves inductive reasoning
1. Which of the following is the best example of an illstructured problem?a. Balancing your monthly checking account statementb. Losing weightc. Reducing crime in your neighborhoodd. Solving a
4. In an experiment, Dr. Bay presents participants with category members such as dog, Lassie, German Shepherd, etc., and measures the time it takes participants to determine whether or not the word
3. In an experiment, Dr. Kelly asks participants to name the first example of an “animal” that comes to mind. Based on what you know about concepts, which of the following would the average
2. Which of the following would be a superordinate concept for the category car?a. Priusb. Truckc. Vehicled. Red sports car
1. Which of the following is evidence indicating that our visual images contain all the properties of the actual stimulus?a. Memory for images is near perfect in children.b. The time it takes to
8.5 Describe the diversity seen in intelligence and discuss potential reasons for this diversity.
8.5 Describe the various ways that psychologists have conceptualized intelligence. (APA 1.1, 1.2)
8.5 Describe historical and modern attempts to measure intelligence, and explain some of the advantages and disadvantages of these methods. (APA 1.1, 1.2)
8.4 Describe current research on the issue of nonhuman language. (APA 1.1, 1.2)
8.4 Describe the concept of linguistic relativity.(APA 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 3.3)
8.4 Explain how children acquire language. (APA 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1)
8.3 Describe the process of judgment and heuristics that affect our judgments. (APA 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 3.3)
8.3 Describe the factors that affect decision making.(APA 1.1, 1.2, 1.3)
8.3 Describe the processes of deductive and inductive reasoning. (APA 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1)
8.2 Describe common obstacles to problem solving.(APA 1.1, 1.2, 1.3)
8.2 Describe the different types of problems we face in life and the ways in which we may try to solve them.(APA 1.1, 1.2, 1.3)
8.1 Describe how we organize knowledge in our memory. (APA 1.1, 1.2, 1.3)
8.1 Describe how we represent knowledge in our memory. (APA 1.1, 1.2, 1.3)
4. Use what you have learned about learning in Chapter 6 and what you have learned about memory in this chapter to design a plan to make yourself a more motivated, successful student.
3. What types of questions would a developmental psychologist(Chapter 1) ask about memory?
2. How does getting a good night’s sleep (Chapter 4) relate to memory?
1. Explain the evolutionary value (Chapter 1) of implicit memory.
4. Your grandmother thinks she is having some problems with her memory. However, her doctor has assured her that her forgetting is normal and that she does not have Alzheimer’s disease. How would
3. Assume that you are a psychologist who is called to testify in court. The defense attorney asks you to describe for the jury how humans store memories for everyday events. What would your
2. Your best friend tells you about a very detailed memory she has for her first day of kindergarten 16 years ago. She claims to recall all of the details of that special day—everything from what
1. If you were going to design a computer that “thinks” like a human does, what would you have your computer do?
20. Research suggests that athletes who experience concussions may be predisposed to later experiencing .a. schizophreniab. depressionc. brain hemorrhagesd. b & c
19. The phrase “Please excuse my dear aunt Sally,”used as a tool to help people recall the order of mathematical operations, is an example of.a. an acronymb. a mnemonicc. massed practiced. All of
18. Recalling the actual details of your first day in college in an accurate manner would be an example of memory.a. reconstructivec. semanticb. constructived. procedural
17. According to the available research, which of the following is not a true statement about flashbulb memories?a. They are emotionally charged memories.b. They are in part a function of the stress

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