A feedlot cow is fed 12 kg of corn daily for 255 days, and grows from 200 kg to 500 kg in that time. Estimating the energy densities of corn and cow both at roughly 15 MJ/kg (a very rough estimate,...

Is tidal power a renewable resource? Assuming the rate of energy loss due to the tides remains constant at 3.9 TW, estimate the time it will take for Earth to lose 10% of its rotational energy to...

In the circuit shown, the internal resistance of the battery can be considered negligible. a. What is the equivalent resistance of the two-resistor parallel combination? b. What is the total current...

Based upon the brief descriptions provided in table 1.2, which subfield of physics would you say is involved in the explanation of rainbows? Which subfield is involved in describing how an acorn...

A cylindrical proportional chamber has a central anode wire of radius 0.02 mm and an outer cathode of radius 10mm with a voltage of 500 volts applied between them. What is the electric field at the...

Non-rigid airships known as blimps have occasionally been used for transportation. A blimp is essentially a balloon of volume V filled with helium. The blimp experiences a buoyancy force F = ( atm ...

An electron beam in a cathode-ray tube passes between two parallel plates that have a voltage difference of 300 V across them and are separated by a distance of 2 cm, as shown in the diagram. a. In...

If Earth were not spinning, in what direction would the surface winds blow where you live? In what direction do surface winds blow on Earth at 15 S latitude, and why?

The components of an electronic system dissipating 180 W are located in a 4-ft-long horizontal duct whose cross section is 6 in à 6 in. The components in the duct are cooled by forced air,...

Consider a microprocessor dissipating 50 W with dimensions 2-cm 2-cm square and 0.5-cm high (see figure). In order to cool the microprocessor, it is necessary to mount it to a device called a heat...

A soap film has an index of refraction (see synthesis problem 1) of n = 1.333. This implies that the wavelength of light in the film is shorter than in air by a factor of 1/n. The index of refraction...

If all land area in the US that is used for growing corn for ethanol were used for solar thermal electric plants operating at a gross conversion efficiency of 3%, estimate the total electrical energy...

(a) Consider the sequence 011 101 010 111. Deferentially encode it and assume that the deferentially encoded sequence is used to biphase modulate a sinusoidal carrier of arbitrary phase. Prove that...

In your physics lab you release a small glider from rest at various points on a long, frictionless air track that is inclined at an angle θ above the horizontal. With an electronic...

Which of the graphs in Fig. Q25.12 best illustrates the current I in a real resistor as a function of the potential difference V across it? Explain. Figure Q25.12 (a) (b) (c) (d)

Show that the energy density on a string u(x, t), defined in eq.? obeys the conservation law?u/?t +?S/?x = 0, where S (x, t) = ??y?y? is the energy flux, the energy per unit time passing a point x....

Consider the transfer function What is y(t ) for the following inputs: (a) Step input of height M (b) Unit impulse input δ(t) (c) Sin t (d) Unit rectangular pulse (Eq. 3-13, h = 1) Y(s)...

If the area of the transistor in Problem 1.11 is effectively doubled by connecting two transistors in parallel, which model parameters in the small-signal equivalent circuit of the composite...

Determine the input resistance, transconductance, and output resistance of the CE amplifier of Fig. 3.7 if R C = 20 k and I C = 250μ A. Assume that r b = 0. Figure 3.7 VDD = 5 V V; Vo...

A stirred-tank blending system can be described by a first-order transfer function between the exit composition x and the inlet composition x 1 (both are mass fractions of solute): X(s) / X i (s) = K...

Show that Doppler broadening will dominate over pressure broadening of a spectral line for a gas at temperature T and pressure p provided that the wavelength of the spectral line is less than kT/p,...

The dynamic behavior of a pressure sensor / transmitter can be expressed as a first-order transfer function (in deviation variables) that relates the measured value P m to the actual pressure, P: P m...

If junction curvature causes the maximum field at a practical junction to be 1.5 times the theoretical value, calculate the doping density required to give a breakdown voltage of 150 V with an abrupt...

Run Down Rural District needs to resurface a section of its roads this spring. The district council is considering using one of two technologies. The first involves putting down stone and gravel the...

Vector A is 2.80 cm long and is 60.0 o above the x-axis in the first quadrant. Vector is 1.90 cm long and is below the x-axis in the fourth quadrant (Fig. E1.39). Use components to find the magnitude...

Consider that a binary mixture of 5.0 mole% ethanol vapor in 95 mole% carbon dioxide carrier gas is diffusing through a randomly porous adsorbent material with void fraction of 0.50. The system...

An inverted 3-m-high conical container shown in Fig. P1493 is initially filled with 2-m-high water. At time t = 0, a faucet is opened to supply water into the container at a rate of 3 L/s. At the...

In the text we introduced electron spin states with spin 1/2 in the z-direction, |, and states with spin 1/2 in the x-direction, | x = (|+ |)/2. Measuring the z-component of spin in the state | x ...

What impurity concentration corresponds to a 1 -cm resistivity in p-type silicon? In n-type silicon?

A 1-in.-OD steel tube has its outside wall surface maintained at 250F. It is proposed to increase the rate of heat transfer by adding fins of 3/32-in. thickness and 3/4-in. long to the outside tube...

Air is flowing through a smooth thin-walled 4-indiameter copper tube that is submerged in water. The water maintains a constant temperature of 60°F and a convection heat transfer coefficient of...

Why do the passengers in high-altitude jet planes feel the sensation of weight, while passengers in the International Space Station do not?

A quantum particle is restricted to a one dimensional box 0 ? x ? L. It experiences no forces within the box, but cannot escape. At time t = 0, the particle is in the state ? where ? i (x) are the...

The Local Town Health Center has been a long-time customer of Medical Supplies R Us. Typically Local Town purchases 500 cartons of tongue depressors for $3.46 per carton, at terms of 2/15 N/30. Local...

The absorption cross-section at 20 GHz of a water droplet with a radius of 48 m is about 2 10 -11 m 2 . Hence calculate the absorption coefficient of a cloud consisting of droplets of radius 48 m...

Find the difference in pressure between tanks A and B, if d 1 = 2 ft, d 2 = 6 in., d 3 = 2.4 in., and d 4 = 4 in. Air. B da 45 H20 Hg dz A d1 d2

A wetted wall tower is used to aerate water using air at 2.0 atm total system pressure and 20C. The molar composition of air is 21% O 2 , 78% N 2 , and 1% other gases. Let solute A = O 2 . At 20C,...

A 3-m-diameter tank is initially filled with water 2 m above the center of a sharp-edged 10-cm-diameter orifice. The tank water surface is open to the atmosphere, and the orifice drains to the...

An object of mass m is held near the origin by a spring, F = kx. What is its potential energy? Show that x(t) = (x 0 , y 0 , z 0 ) cos t is a possible classical motion for the mass. What is the...

A particle with spin S has magnetic moment m = qgS/2Mc (see Example 7.3). Solving for the classical motion of S in a constant magnetic field B, we found that S precesses around B with angular...

In your physics lab, an oscillator is attached to one end of a horizontal string. The other end of the string passes over a frictionless pulley. You suspend a mass M from the free end of the string,...

Consider a refrigeration truck traveling at 55 mph at a location where the air temperature is 80°F. The refrigerated compartment of the truck can be considered to be a 9-ft-wide, 8-ft-high, and...

A wave satisfying ? eq. passes from one medium in which the phase velocity for all wavelengths is v 1 to another medium in which the phase velocity is v 2 . The incident wave gives rise to a...

Consider a system of two independent harmonic oscillators, each with natural angular frequency . We denote states of this system by |nm where the nonnegative integers n,m denote the excitation levels...

If scattering is insignificant, show that the radiative transfer equation may be written as and if hf = kT this can be rewritten as By comparing these two equations, show that Explain its...

Sunlight is incident on a rough surface at an angle of 45 0 to the normal. Calculate the brightness temperature of the surface at wavelengths of 4 m and 10 m, assuming that the surface is a perfect...

Assume that the atmospheric absorption coefficient γ varies with height h as and use the simple model of limb-sounding geometry derived in Section 6.7.4 to show that the reduction in...

We are interested analyzing the diffusion processes associated with the treatment of cancer cells. Consider the experimental system shown in the figure on page 524. A hemispherical clump of cancer...

What are the strength and direction of the electric field at the position indicated by the dot in FIGURE EX23.2? Specify the direction as an angle above or below horizontal. (+ 3.0 nC 5.0 cm |10 cm +...

Show that a charged particle moving in the xy-plane in the presence of a magnetic field B = Bz will move in a circle. Compute the radius of the circle and frequency of rotation in terms of the speed...

Show that the solution to Schr?dinger?s equation for a three-dimensional harmonic oscillator is? where ? n (x) is a solution to the one-dimensional oscillator with energy (n + 1/2)??. Show that the...

Find the ground state of the quantum harmonic oscillator. Start by showing that the Hamiltonian from eq can be ?factorized? similar to (a 2 ? b 2 ) = (a ? b)(a + b) in the form Where? Show that the...

The attenuation coefficient of a typical tropospheric aerosol is 0.1 km -1 at sea level, and the total optical thickness of the aerosol for a vertical path through the atmosphere is 0.2. By assuming...

A two-look TIR radiometer views the same point on the Earths surface at nadir and at 60 degrees from nadir. The brightness temperature of the detected radiation is T 1 and T 2 respectively. By...

Derive Equations (6.12) and (6.13). Equation 6.12 Equation 6.13 F = Fo cos(ot zVoCp/2K) exp(-zVoCp/2K) Fo |T = cos(ot zV/2K /4) xp(-?Vp/2K).

Calculate the small-signal model parameters g m , r o , C gs , and C gd for a NMOS transistor. Also calculate the gate-leakage current I G . Assume the transistor operates in the active region with I...

A 70-kg person walks at a steady pace of 5.0 km/h on a treadmill at a 5.0% grade. (That is, the vertical distance covered is 5.0% of the horizontal distance covered.) If we assume the metabolic power...

Referring to the figure, assume the flow to be friction less in the siphon. Find the rate of discharge in cubic feet per second, and the pressure head at B if the pipe has a uniform diameter of 1 in....

Micro channel technology is touted as means for process intensification, which in simple terms means shrinking the size of process equipment (heat ex-changers, chemical reactors, chemical separation...

A 6-m-high, 5-m-wide rectangular plate blocks the end of a 5-m-deep freshwater channel, as shown in Fig. P11??16. The plate is hinged about a horizontal axis along its upper edge through a point A...

Verify the assertion (see example 2.3) that E kin =?1/2 V for the Moon in a circular orbit around Earth. [The magnitude of the centripetal acceleration for circular motion? can be rewritten a = v 2...

Use the magnetic force law and the definition of work? to show that magnetic forces do no work.? W = - dx F la

Derive eq. (3.52) from eq. (3.43) and eq. (3.50). Make sure you get the both the direction and magnitude. dF (x) = 1 dx x B(x),

The Gupta Center for Excellence in Government is considering the purchase of new equipment that will cost $1.3 million if purchased today and will generate the following cash disbursements and...

Assuming that the temperature T of the troposphere is given by the expression T = 288 - 0.0065z, where T is measured in kelvin and z is the altitude in meters, and that the pressure p in kPa is given...

A tank used to dampen liquid flow rate surges is known to exhibit second-order dynamics. The input flow rate changes suddenly from 180 to 210 gal/min. An operator notes that the tank level changes as...

Write a computer program to evaluate the coefficients of the complex exponential Fourier series of a signal by using the fast Fourier transform (FFT). Check it by evaluating the Fourier series...

Repeat Problem 9.18 if PMOS transistors replace Q 1 and Q 2 (with no degeneration resistors). Assume that the PMOS transistors are biased to 300 µA each (I EE = 600 µA), at which bias...

A long, closed cylindrical tank contains a diatomic gas that is maintained at a uniform temperature that can be varied. When you measure the speed of sound v in the gas as a function of the...

The pump shown in the figure delivers water at 59°F at a rate of 550 gal/min. The inlet pipe has an inside diameter of 5.95 in. and it is 10 ft long. The inlet pipe is submerged 6 ft into the...

Drug formulations contain an active drug dissolved in a nontoxic solution to facilitate its delivery into the body. They are often packaged into sterile syringes so that the patient can inject the...

A gasliquid convective mass-transfer process involves the transfer of the industrial contaminant methylene chloride (solute A) between air and water at 20C and 2.20 atm total system pressure. Air is...

The three identical loudspeakers in FIGURE P17.71 play a 170 Hz tone in a room where the speed of sound is 340 m/s. You are standing 4.0 m in front of the middle speaker. At this point, the amplitude...

How would you use the same approach as in Computer Exercise 2.3 to evaluate the Fourier transform of a pulse-type signal. How do the two outputs differ? Compute an approximation to the Fourier...

In Section 6.2.4 we used (6.36) to derive the masses of the Πand Σ baryons in Table 6.9. Derive the mass formulas for the remaining baryons listed in this table. 25 These analyses...

Prove Gausss law from Coulombs law for static charge distributions by showing that the electric field of a single charge satisfies the integral form of Gaussslaw and then invoking linearity.

Suppose that a capacitor with capacitance C is charged to some voltage V and then allowed to discharge through a resistance R. Write an equation governing the rate at which energy in the capacitor...

Suppose an electron, constrained to move only in the vertical direction, sits on an impenetrable table in Earths gravitational field. Write down the (one dimensional) Schrdinger equation that...

Consider a parabolic dish concentrator built from a dish with radius 3 m, height equal to the focal length, and an absorber at the focus with spherical shape and radius 0.1 m. Compute the...

(a) Suppose you have two arrows of equal length on a tabletop. If you can move them to point in any direction but they must remain on the tabletop, how many distinct patterns are possible such that...

Consider the fourth-order plus time delay system represented below: Assume that a step change is applied in the system input U(s). Will the time required for the output Y(s) to reach steady state...

A surface shows daily temperature fluctuations with amplitude 23 K, lagging 2.3 hours behind the fluctuations in incoming solar radiation. Use the model of thermal inertia developed in this chapter...

An audio signal has a bandwidth of 15 kHz. The maximum value of |m(t)| is 10 V. This signal frequency modulates a carrier. Estimate the peak deviation and the bandwidth of the modulator output,...

A stainless steel plate 1.6 cm thick rests on top of a hot plate, which is maintained at 250°C. Air flows over the top surface of the plate to provide a convective heat-transfer coefficient of h...

A porous water vapor barrier is placed over the tissue implant shown in the figure in the next column. The purpose of the porous water vapor barrier is to allow O 2 gas direct access to the tissue...

At a particular location in a counter current gas absorber, the mole fraction of the transferring species (solute A) in the gas phase is 0.030, and the mole fraction of this species in the liquid...

The cylinder in FIGURE Q18.4 is divided into two compartments by a frictionless piston that can slide back and forth. If the piston is in equilibrium, is the pressure on the left side greater than,...

Elastic lepton scattering (8.1) can be regarded as a special case of inelastic scattering (8.26) in which the final hadronic state X is a single proton. Find the corresponding value of the scaling...

A string of length L begins in the configuration y(x) = A[ 1/3 sin k 1 x + 2/3 sin k 2 x] with no initial velocity. Write the exact time-dependent solution of the string y(x, t). Compute the...

Show that the usual relation E = p 2 /2m arises as the leading momentum dependence of the energy in an expansion of the relativistic p relation? for small p ? mc. Vmc + p?c E 24 C* + pc2

On a hot summer day in Houston, Texas, the day time temperature is 35 C with relative humidity =50%. An air conditioning system cools the indoor air to 25 C. How much water (kg/m 3 ) must be...

The net reaction that accounts for the Suns power takes four neutral hydrogen atoms and fuses them to make a neutral helium atom, 4 1 1 H 4 2 He . Compute the energy released per hydrogen atom. The...

Prove Equation 3.29. vvg = c 2 ,

According to the Minnaert model of surface scattering, the BRDF R is given by where A and a are constants; θ 0 and θ 1 are the angles between the incident and scattered...

The cross-section of a glass prism is an equilateral triangle. The refractive index of the glass is 1.601 at a free-space wavelength of 0.4 m and 1.569 at 0.7 m. Show that if white light is incident...

The sun radiates a total power of about 3.86 1026 watts (W). If we imagine the suns surface to be marked off in latitude and longitude and assume uniform radiation, (a) what power is radiated by the...

A household iron has a stainless steel sole plate that weights 3 lb and has a surface area of 0.5 ft 2 . The iron is rated at 500 W. If the surroundings are at a temperature of 80F, and the...

Radioactive waste is stored in a cylindrical stainless steel container with inner and outer diameters of 1 m and 1.2 m, respectively, so that R 0 = 0.5 m and R 1 = 0.6 m. Thermal energy is generated...

An electrically heated square plate measuring 200 cm on a side is immersed vertically in water at atmospheric pressure. As the electrical energy supplied to the plate is increased, its surface...

A drug patch is designed to slowly deliver a drug (species A) through the body tissue to an infected zone of tissue beneath the skin. The drug patch consists of a sealed reservoir containing the drug...