A mixture of methane and air is capable of being ignited only if the mole percent of methane is between 5% and 15%. A mixture containing 9.0 mole% methane in air flowing at a rate of 700kg/h is to be...

Consider a system where free space is kept in a free-space list. a. Suppose that the pointer to the free-space list is lost. Can the system reconstruct the free-space list? Explain your answer. b....

Perform the following estimations without using ca calculator. (a) Estimate the mass of water (kg) in an Olympic-size swimming pool. (b) A drinking glass is being filled from a pitcher. Estimate the...

The figure is a schematic drawing of a countershaft that supports two V-belt pulleys. The countershaft runs at 1200 rev/min and the bearings are to have a life of 60 kh at a combined reliability of...

Estimation of void fraction of a packed column, a tube of 146 sq. in. cross section and 73 in. height is packed with spherical particles of diameter 2 mm. When a pressure difference of 158 psi is...

Determine the magnitude and coordinate direction angles of F3 so that the resultant of the three forces is zero. Given: F1 = 180 lb α 1 = 30 deg F2 = 300 lb α 2 = 40 deg F2

Determine the force members BC, FC, and FE, and state if the members are in tension or compression. Units Used: kN = 103 N Given: F1 = 6kN F2 = 6kN a = 3 m b = 3 m ET

The arm ABC rotates with an angular velocity of 4 rad/s counterclockwise. Knowing that the angular velocity of the intermediate gear B is 8 rad/s counterclockwise, determine(a) The instantaneous...

Give the approximate minimum temperature at which it is possible to austenitize each of the following ironcarbon alloys during a normalizing heat treatment: (a) 0.20 wt% C, (b) 0.76 wt% C, and (c)...

A tile-iron consists of a massive plate maintained at 150C by an imbedded electrical heater. The iron is placed in contact with a tile to soften the adhesive, allowing the tile to be easily lifted...

For an irrotational flow, show that Bernoulli's equation holds between any points in the flow, not just along a streamline.

Thermal energy storage systems commonly involve a packed bed of solid spheres, through which a hot gas flows if the system is being charged, or a cold gas if it is being discharged. In a charging...

A drug (D) is produced in a three-stage extraction from the leaves of a tropical plant. About 1000 kg of leaf is required to produce 1 kg of the drug. The extraction solvent (S) is a mixture...

Refrigerant-134a enters the condenser of a residential heat pump at 800 kPa and 55°C at a rate of 0.018 kg/s and leaves at 750 kPa sub cooled by 3°C. The refrigerant enters the compressor at...

A mixture of n-heptane (H) and toluene (T) is separated by extractive distillation with phenol (P). Distillation is then used to recover the phenol for recycle as shown in Figure 7.44a, where the...

Consider the plane wall of Figure 3.1, separating hot and cold fluids at temperatures T ,1 and T ,2 ' respectively. Using surface energy balances as boundary conditions at x = 0 and x = L (see...

A steam radiator is used to heat a 60-m 3 room. Saturated steam at 3.0bar condenses in the radiator, and emerges as a liquid at the saturation temperature. Heat is lost from the room to the outside...

The absolute pressure within a 35.0-liter gas cylinder should not exceed 51.0 atm. Suppose the cylinder contains 50.0 mol of a gas. Use the SRK equation of state to calculate the maximum permissible...

Estimate the wavelength corresponding to maximum emission from each of the following surfaces: the sun, a tungsten filament at 2500 K, a heated metal at 1500 K, human skin at 305 K. and a...

Cables AB and AC can sustain a maximum tension Tmax, and the pole can support a maximum compression Pmax. Determine the maximum weight of the lamp that can be supported in the position shown. The...

A 1.2 2.4-Ã m sheet of plywood is temporarily held by nails at D and E and by two wooden braces nailed at A, B, and C. Wind is blowing on the hidden face of the plywood sheet, and it is...

A 1-kg sphere is at rest relative to a parabolic dish which rotates at a constant rate about a vertical axis. Neglecting friction and knowing that r = 1 m, determine(a) The speed v of the sphere,(b)...

A helical compression spring is made of hard-drawn spring steel wire 0.080-in in diameter and has an outside diameter of 0.880 in. The ends are plain and ground, and there are 8 total coils. (a) The...

A piston - cylinder device initially contains 0.35-kg steam at 3.5 MPa, superheated by 7.4oC. Now the steam loses heat to the surroundings and the piston moves down, hitting a set of stops at which...

(a) In the analysis of a barrel of powder, the standard deviation of the sampling operation is 4% and the standard deviation of the analytical procedure is 3%. What is the overall standard...

A round solid cylinder made of a plastic material ( a = 6 x 10 -7 m 2 /s) is initially at a uniform temperature of 20 o C and is well insulated along its lateral surface and at one end. At time t =...

A thin electrical heating element provides a uniform heat flux q;' to the outer surface of a duct through which air flows. The duct wall has a thickness of 10 mm and a thermal conductivity of 20 W/m...

Butane is burned with air, No carbon monoxide is present in the combustion products. (a) Use a degree-of-freedom analysis to prove that if the percentage excess air and the percentage conversion of...

A cooling coil consists of a bank of aluminum (k = 237 W/m K) finned tubes having the core configuration of figure and an inner diameter of 13.8 mm. The tubes are installed in a plenum whose square...

In a manufacturing operation, three holes are drilled simultaneously in a work piece. Knowing that the holes are perpendicular to the surfaces of the work piece, replace the couples applied to the...

The spectral absorptivity ?? and spectral reflectivity p? for a spectrally selective, diffuse material are as shown. (a) Sketch the spectral transmissivity ??. (b) If solar irradiation with GS = 750...

Consider steady-state conditions for one-dimensional conduction in a plane wall having a thermal conductivity k = 50 W/m K and a thickness L = 0.25 m, with no internal heat generation. Determine the...

Air at 50C with a dew point of 4C enters a textile dryer at a rate of 11.3m3/min and leaves saturated. The dryer operates adiabatically. Use the psychometric chart to determine the absolute humidity...

The Y-type structure is used to support the high voltage transmission cables. If the supporting cables each exert a force F on the structure at B, determine the moment of each force about point A....

Find the bubble-point and dew-point temperatures of a mixture of 0.4 mole fraction toluene (1) and 0.6 mole fraction n-butanol (2) at 101.3kPa. The K-values can be calculated from (2-72), the...

A 300-kg counterweight, with center of mass at G, is mounted on the pitman crank AB of the oil-pumping unit. If the motor supplies a torque of M = 2500 N ? m, determine the force F developed in the...

Two automobiles A and B, of mass ss mA and mB, respectively, are traveling in opposite directions when they collide head on. The impact is assumed perfectly plastic, and it is further assumed that...

A plate-fin heat exchanger is used to condense a saturated refrigerant vapor in an air-conditioning system. The vapor has a saturation temperature of 45?C and a condensation rate of 0.015 kg/s is...

Gold nanoparticles (Figure 16-29) can be titrated with the oxidizing agent TCNQ in the presence of excess of Br to oxidize Au(0) to AuBr in deaerated toluene. Gold atoms in the interior of the...

A long roll of 2-m-wide and 0.5-cm-thick 1-Mn manganese steel plate (r = 7854 kg/m3 and cp = 0.434 kJ/kg ¢ °C) coming off a furnace at 820°C is to be quenched in an oil bath at 45°C...

The horizontal beam is supported by springs at its ends. If the stiffness of the spring at A is kA , determine the required stiffness of the spring at B so that if the beam is loaded with the force...

Thickness of a falling film, water at 20 o C is flowing down a vertical wall with Re = 10. Calculate (a) The flow rate, in gallons per hour per foot of wall length, and (b) The film thickness in...

Force on a U-bend (Fig. 7A.5). Water at 68F ( p = 62.4lb m /ft 3 , = 1 cp) is flowing in turbulent flow in a U-shaped pipe bend at 3 ft3/s. What is the horizontal force exerted by the water on the...

A thermal energy storage unit consists of a large rectangular channel, which is well insulated on its outer surface and encloses alternating layers of the storage material and the flow passage. Each...

Determine the force in members OE, LE, and LK of the Baltimore truss and state if the members are in tension or compression. Units Used: kN = 103 N Given: F1 = 2kN a = 2 m F2 = 2kN b = 2 m F3 = 5kN...

The fern is defined as the unit of force required to accelerate a unit of mass, called the bung, with the gravitational acceleration on the surface of the moon, which is one-sixth of the normal...

Calculate the heat of vaporization of water (kJ/mol) at 50C and low pressures from the tabulated heat of vaporization in Table B.1 and data in Table B.2 and Table B.8. Show clearly the process path...

Consider the three-reservoir system of Fig. P6.121 with the following data: L1 = 95 m L2 = 125 m L3 = 160 m z1 = 25 m z2 = 115 m z3 = 85 m All pipes are 28-cm-diameter unfinished concrete (ε...

What is the physical significance of hfg? Can it be obtained from a knowledge of hf and hg? How?

A geothermal power plant uses geothermal water extracted at 160C at a rate of 440 kg/s as the heat source and produces 22 MW of net power. If the environment temperature is 25C, determine (a) The...

The hatch door has a weight W and center of gravity at G. If the force F applied to the handle at C has coordinate direction angles of , and , determine the magnitude of F needed to hold the door...

A welded connection is in equilibrium under the action of the four forces shown. Knowing that t FA = 5kN and FD = 6kN, determine the magnitudes of the other two forces. Fc Yp

A finned-tube, cross-flow heat exchanger is to use the exhaust of a gas turbine to heat pressurized water. Laboratory measurements are performed on a prototype version of the exchanger, which has a...

Derive the nodal finite-difference equations for the following configurations. (a) Node m, n on a diagonal boundary subjected to convection with a fluid at T and a heat transfer coefficient h. Assume...

A Howe scissors roof truss is loaded as shown. Determine the force in members DF, DG, and EG. 2AN KN 2kN F! 1AN L5 m

What point defects are possible for Al2O3 as an impurity in MgO? How many Al3+ ions must be added to form each of these defects?

A force F1 acts vertically downward on the Z-bracket. Determine the moment of this force about the bolt axis (z axis), which is directed at angle θ from the vertical. Given: F1 = 80 N a = 100...

Determine the force in each member of the space truss and state if the members are in tension or compression. The truss is supported by a ball-and-socket joints at A, B, and E. Hint: The support...

An open pan of diameter 0.2 m and height 80 mm (above water at 27C) is exposed to ambient air at 27C and 25% relative humidity. Determine the evaporation rate, assuming that only mass diffusion...

The sack has weight W and is supported by the six cords tied together as shown. Determine the tension in each cord and the angle θ for equilibrium. Cord BC is horizontal. Given: W = 15 lb...

A circular sea wall is made of concrete. Determine the total weight of the wall if the concrete has a specific weight c. Given: c = 150lb/ft3 a = 60 ft b = 15 ft c = 8 ft d = 30 ft = 50 deg a

From Problem 1.71 consider the wire leads connecting the transistor to the circuit board. The leads are of thermal conductivity k, thickness t. width w, and length L. One end of a lead is maintained...

The 4-m by 4-m horizontal roof of an uninsulated aluminum melting furnace is comprised of a 0.08-m-thick fireclay brick refractory covered by a 5-mm-thick steel (AISI 1010) plate. The refractory...

A 90-N force is applied to the control rod AB as shown. Knowing that the length of the rod is 225 mm, determine the moment of the force about point B by resolving the force into horizontal and...

Steam enters a two-stage adiabatic turbine at 8 MPa and 500°C. It expands in the first stage to a state of 2 MPa and 350°C. Steam is then reheated at constant pressure to a temperature of...

In Fig P6.115 all pipes are 8-cm-diameter cast iron. Determine the flow rate from reservoir (1) if valve C is (a) closed; and (b) open, with Kvalve = 0.5. Oz-25 m 2) Z=0m Water at 20C 10 m L=100 m 30...

If the magnitude of the resultant couple moment is M, determine the magnitude F of the forces applied to the wrenches. Given: M = 15 N mc = 200 mm a = 300 mm d = 200 mm b = 150 mm = 60 deg A F

Biomass combustion-burning of forests, grasslands, agricultural wastes, and other biological matter-is recognized as a serious threat to the environment.8 The table below shows the distribution of...

The 70-N force acts on the end of the pipe at B. Determine (a) The moment of this force about point A, and (b) The magnitude and direction of a horizontal force, applied at C, which produces the same...

The pipe flow in Fig P6.52 is driven by pressurized air in the tank. What gage pressure p1 is needed to provide a 20°C water flow rate Q = 60 m3/h? 30 m 0 Smooth pipeI d#5cm Open je 80 m 10 m In...

Methanol vapor is burned with excess air in a catalytic combustion chamber. Liquid methanol initially at 25C is vaporized at 1.1 atm and heated to 100C; the vapor is mixed with air that has been...

A vessel of 2-m3 capacity contains 0.02 m3 of liquid water and 1.98 m3 of water vapor at 101.33 kPa. How much heat must be added to the contents of the vessel so that the liquid water is just...

A gaseous fuel with a volumetric analysis of 60 percent CH4, 30 percent H2, and 10 percent N2 is burned to completion with 130 percent theoretical air. Determine (a) The airfuel ratio and (b) The...

A full journal bearing has a journal diameter of 1.250 in, with a unilateral tolerance of 0.001 in. The bushing bore has a diameter of 1.252 in and a unilateral tolerance of 0.003 in. The bearing is...

Liquid water enters a 25-kW pump at 100-kPa pressure at a rate of 5 kg/s. Determine the highest pressure the liquid water can have at the exit of the pump. Neglect the kinetic and potential energy...

For most gases at standard or near standard conditions, the relationship among pressure, density, and temperature is given by the perfect gas equation of state: p = pRT, where R is the specific gas...

For the wire form shown use Castiglianos method to determine the vertical deflection of point A. Consider bending only and assume Eq. (428) applies for the curved part.

Steam enters an adiabatic turbine at 7 MPa, 600C, and 80 m/s and leaves at 50 kPa, 150C, and 140 m/s. If the power output of the turbine is 6 MW, determine (a) the mass flow rate of the steam flowing...

Pressure distribution in incompressible fluids, Penelope is staring at a beaker filled with a liquid, which for all practical purposes can be considered as incompressible; let its density be P0. She...

Current-carrying capacity of wire, a copper wire of 0.040 in. diameter is insulated uniformly with plastic to an outer diameter of 0.12 in. and is exposed to surroundings at 100F. The heat transfer...

The water tank in Fig P3.58 stands on a frictionless cart and feeds a jet of diameter 4 cm and velocity 8 m/s, which is deflected 60° by a vane. Compute the tension in the supporting cable. 8 m/s...

The average atmospheric pressure in Spokane, Washington (elevation =2350 ft), is 13.5 psia, and the average winter temperature is 36.5F. The pressurization test of a 9-ft-high, 3000-ft2 older home...

An instrumentation diagram for a fired heater control system is shown in Fig. E. Identify advanced control strategies based on material from Chapters 15 and 16. Discuss the rationale for each...

Temperature distribution in an embedded sphere, a sphere of radius R and thermal conductivity k 1 is embedded in an infinite solid of thermal conductivity k 0 . The center of the sphere is located at...

Determine the magnitude and direction of the resultant force FR. Express the result in terms of the magnitudes of the components F1 and F2 and the angle φ. gb Fi

A uniform plate girder weighing 6000 lb is held in a horizontal position by two crane cables. Determine the angle α and the tension in each cable. 30 6 ft 20 ft 60 ft

A horizontal circular plate weighing 62 lb is suspended as shown from three wires that are attached to a support D and that form 30° angles with the vertical. Determine the tension in each wire....

Knowing that the coefficient of static friction between the tires and the road is 0.80 for the automobile shown, determine the maximum possible acceleration on a level road, assuming (a) Four-wheel...

Aqueous solutions of the amino acid L-isoleucine (Ile) are prepared by putting 100.0 grams of pure water into each of six flasks and adding different precisely weighed quantities of Ile to each...

Porosity developed in the boss of a casting is illustrated in the accompanying figure. Show that by simply repositioning the parting line of this casting, this problem can be eliminated. Boss Riser...

Determine the horizontal and vertical components of force which the pins exert on member ABC. Given: W = 80 lb a = 6 ft b = 9 ft c = 3 ft r = 0.5 ft A, W A,

The portion of truss shown represents the upper part of a power transmission line tower. For the given loading, determine the force in each of the members located above member HJ. State whether each...

In a game of billiards, ball A is given an initial velocity v0 along the longitudinal axis of the table. It hits ball B and then ball C, which are both at rest. Balls A and C are observed to hit the...

In the manufacture of nitric acid, ammonia and preheated air are mixed to form a gas containing 10.0 mole% NH3 at 600C. The ammonia is then catalytically oxidized to form NO2, which is absorbed in...

A 10.0 wt% aqueous solution of sodium chloride is fed to an evaporative crystallizer operated under a partial vacuum. Evaporation of water concentrates the remaining solution beyond its saturation...

A 4.97-g petroleum specimen was decomposed by wet ashing and subsequently diluted to 500 mL in a volumetric flask. Cobalt was determined by treating 25.00-mL aliquots of this diluted solution as...

Two forces of magnitude TA = 6 kips and TC = 9 kips are applied as shown to a welded connection. Knowing that the connection is in equilibrium, determine the magnitudes of the forces TB and TD. Te

A surge tank in Figure is designed with a slotted weir so that the outflow rate, w, is proportional to the liquid level to the 1.5 power that is, w = Rh1.5 where R is a constant. If a single stream...

Determine the tensions in the cables and the components of reaction acting on the smooth collar at A necessary to hold the sign of weight W in equilibrium. The center of gravity for the sign is at G....

Determine the distance xc to the centroid of the beam's cross-sectional area: then find the moment of inertia about the y' axis. Given: a = 40 mm b = 120 mm c = 40 mm d = 40 mm a