Highly reflective aluminum coatings may be formed on the surface of a substrate by impacting the surface with molten drops of aluminum. The droplets are discharged from an injector, proceed through...

The volume of a dry box (a closed chamber with dry nitrogen flowing through it) is 2.0 m3. The dry box is maintained at a slight positive gauge pressure of 10 cm H2O and room temperature (25C). If...

A mixture of methanol and methyl acetate contains 15.0 wt% methanols (a) Using a single dimensional equation, determine the g-moles of methanol in 200.0kg of the mixture. (b) The flow rate of methyl...

Seawater containing 3.50 wt % salts passes through a series of 10 evaporators. Roughly equal quantities of water are vaporized in each of the 10 units and then condensed and combined to obtain a...

The member is supported by a square rod which fits loosely through a smooth square hole of the attached collar at A and by a roller at B. Determine the x, y, z components of reaction at these...

The two blocks shown are originally at rest. Neglecting the masses of the pulleys and the effect of friction in the pulleys and between the blocks and the incline, determine (a) The acceleration of...

Steady-state, one-dimensional conduction occurs in a rod of constant thermal conductivity k and variable cross-sectional area As(x) = Aoe ax, where Ao and a are constants. The lateral surface of the...

A drying oven consists of a long semicircular duct of diameter D = 1 m. Materials to be dried cover the base of the oven while the wall is maintained at 1200 K. What is the drying rate per unit...

Three loads are applied as shown to a light beam supported by cables attached at B and D. Neglecting the weight of the beam, determine the range of values of Q for which neither cable becomes slack...

Steam enters the condenser of a steam power plant at 20 kPa and a quality of 95 percent with a mass flow rate of 20,000 kg/h. It is to be cooled by water from a nearby river by circulating the water...

A cylindrical specimen of aluminum having a diameter of 0.505 in. (12.8 mm) and a gauge length of 2.000 in. (50.800 mm) is pulled in tension. Use the load?elongation characteristics tabulated below...

Two cables BG and BH are attached to the frame ACD as shown. Knowing that the tension in cable BG is 450 N, determine the components of the force exerted by cable BG on the frame at B. 0.7 m 15 m...

A fireboat draws seawater (SG =1.025) from a submerged pipe and discharges it through a nozzle, as in Fig. P3.137. The total head loss is 6.5 ft. If the pump efficiency is 75 percent, what horsepower...

A steam power plant operates on an ideal reheat regenerative Rankine cycle with one reheater and two feedwater heaters, one open and one closed. Steam enters the high-pressure turbine at 15 MPa and...

The vapor pressure of 1-chlorotetradecane at several temperatures is tabulated here. (a) Use two-point linear interpolation to estimate the value of p* at T = 185 o C. (b) Write a computer subroutine...

A cast-iron piston ring has a mean diameter of 81 mm, a radial height h = 6 mm, and a thickness b = 4 mm. The ring is assembled using an expansion tool that separates the split ends a distance...

The rear window of an automobile is defogged by passing warm air over its inner surface. (a) If the warm air is at T ,i = 40C and the corresponding convection coefficient is hi = 30 W/m 2 K, what...

Suppose you have a solution that might contain any or all of the following cations: Ni2+, Ag+, Sr2+, and Mn2+. Addition of HCl solution causes a precipitate to form. After filtering off the...

Derive the Rayleigh Pitot tube formula, Eq. (8.80).

Compute the mass fractions of liquid in the following refractory materials at 1600C (2910F): (a) 6 wt% Al2O3-94 wt% SiO2 (b) 10 wt% Al2O3-90 wt% SiO2 (c) 30 wt% Al2O3-70 wt% SiO2 (d) 80 wt% Al2O3-20...

Repeat Prob. 384 for a brittle material, requiring the inclusion of stress concentration in the fillet radius. Repeat Prob. 384, The cantilevered bar in the figure is made from a ductile material and...

Molecular weight data for some polymer are tabulated here. Compute (a) The number-average molecular weight, and (b) The weight-average molecular weight. (c) If it is known that this material's degree...

Three blocks A, B, and C and a grooved block D have dimension a, b, c, and d as follows: a = 1.500 ± 0.001 in b = 2.000 ± 0.003 in c = 3.000 ± 0.004 in d = 6.520 ± 0.010...

A uniform glass rod having a length L is placed in the smooth hemispherical bowl having a radius r. Determine the angle of inclination for equilibrium. 2rcoso

Cold water (cp = 4.18 kJ/kg ¢ °C) leading to a shower enters a well-insulated, thin-walled, double-pipe, counter-flow heat exchanger at 15°C at a rate of 0.25 kg/s and is heated to...

Retention factors for three solutes separated on a C8 nonpolar stationary phase are listed in the table on the next page. Eluent was a 70:30 (vol/vol) mixture of 50 mM citrate buffer (adjusted to pH...

Determine the stretch in each spring for equilibrium of the block of mass M. The springs are shown in the equilibrium position. Given: M = 2 kg a = 3 m b = 3 m c = 4 m kAB = 30 N/m kAC = 20 N/m kAD =...

One-dimensional, steady-state conduction with uniform internal energy generation occurs in a plane wall with a thickness of 50 mm and a constant thermal conductivity of 5 W/m K. For these...

The three stone blocks have weights of W A = 600 lb, W B = 150 lb, and W C = 500 lb. Determine the smallest horizontal force P that must be applied to block C in order to move this block. The...

The shaft shown in the figure is driven by a gear at the right keyway, drives a fan at the left keyway, and is supported by two deep-groove ball bearings. The shaft is made from AISI 1020 cold-drawn...

Your company manufactures plastic wrap for food storage. The tear resistance of the wrap, denoted by X, must be controlled so that the wrap can be torn off the roll without too much effort but it...

The heat capacity at constant volume of hydrogen sulfide at low pressures is C v [kJ/ (mol??C)] = 0.0252 + 1.547 x 10 ?5? T ? 3.012 X 10 ?9 T 2? where T is in ?C. A quantity of H 2 S is kept in a...

A turbine blade 6.3 cm long (see sketch on p. 156), with cross-sectional area A = 4.6 10??4 m2 and perimeter P = 0.12 m, is made of stainless steel (k = 18 W/(m K). The temperature of the root, Ts,...

Viscosity determination with a rotating-cylinder viscometer, it is desired to measure the viscosities of sucrose solutions of about 60% concentration by weight at about 20C with a rotating-cylinder...

(a) For the solidification of iron, calculate the critical radius r* and the activation free energy ?G* if nucleation is homogeneous. Values for the latent heat of fusion and surface free energy are...

Figure shows an x-ray diffraction pattern for a-iron taken using a diffract meter and monochromatic x-radiation having a wavelength of 0.1542 nm; each diffraction peak on the pattern has been...

Use tabulated heats of formation (Table B.1) to determine the standard heats of the following reactions in kJ/mol, letting the stoichiometric coefficient of the first reactant in each reaction equal...

Two couples act on the beam. Determine the magnitude of F so that the resultant couple moment is M counterclockwise. Where on the beam does the resultant couple moment act? Given: M = 450 lb⋅ ft...

A sphere 30 mm in diameter initially at 800 K is quenched in a large bath having a constant temperature of 320 K with a convection heat transfer coefficient of 75 W/m 2 K. The thermo physical...

The diffusivity of toluene in air was determined experimentally by allowing liquid toluene to vaporize isothermally into air from a partially filled vertical tube 3 mm in diameter. At a temperature...

Three rods are welded together to form a corner which is supported by three eyebolts. Neglecting friction, determine the reactions at A, B, and C when P = 240 N, a = 120 mm, b = 80 mm, and c = 100...

The pole is subjected to the force F which has components Fx and Fz. Determine the magnitudes of F and Fy. Units Used: kN = 1000 N Given: Fx = 1.5kN Fz = 1.25kN β = 75 deg F.

(a) Determine the specific enthalpy (kJ/mol) of n-hexane vapor at 200C and 2.0 atm relative to n-hexane liquid at 20C and 1.0 atm, assuming ideal gas behavior for the vapor. Show clearly the process...

A basketball player shoots when she is 5 m from the backboard. Knowing that the ball has an initial velocity v0 at an angle of 30? with the horizontal, determine the value of v0 when d is equal to(a)...

For the cell Pt(s) | VO2+(0.116 M), V3+(0.116 M), H+(1.57 M) || Sn2+(0.031 8 M), Sn4+(0.031 8 M) | Pt(s), E (not E ) = - 0.289 V. Write the net cell reaction and calculate its equilibrium constant....

The figure shows a 10 diametral pitch 18-tooth 20¦ straight bevel pinion driving a 30-tooth gear. The transmitted load is 25 lbf. Find the bearing reactions at C and D on the output shaft if D...

The lamp fixture has weight W and is suspended from two springs, each having unstretched length L and stiffness k. Determine the angle θ for equilibrium. Units Used: kN = 103 N Given: W = 10 lb...

Methane enters a 3-cm ID pipe at 30C and 10bar with an average velocity of 5.00m/s and emerges at a point 200 m lower than the inlet at 30C and 9bar. (a) Without doing any calculations, predict the...

Irreversible consecutive reactions A ? B ? C occur in a jacketed, stirred-tank reactor as shown in Figure. Derive a dynamic model based on the following assumptions: (i) The contents of the tank and...

A flat-plate solar collector is used to heat atmospheric air flowing through a rectangular channel. The bottom surface of the channel is well insulated, while the top surface is subjected to a...

Air at 38C and 97% relative humidity is to be cooled to 18C and fed into a plant area at a race of 510m3/min. (a) Calculate the rate (kg/mm) at which water condenses. (b) Calculate the cooling...

Determine by direct integration the centroid of the area shown. Express your answer in terms of a and b. * = ky2 9.

Natural gas containing a mixture of methane ethane propane and butane is burned in a furnace with excess air. (a) One hundred k mol/h of a gas containing 94.4 mole% methane, 3.40% ethane 0.60%...

Barbituric acid dissociates as follows: (a) Calculate the pH and fraction of dissociation of 102.00 M barbituric acid. (b) Calculate the pH and fraction of dissociation of 1010.00 M barbituric acid....

A container is supported by three cables that are attached to a ceiling as shown. Determine the weight W of the container knowing that the tension in cable AB is 6 kN. 450 mn 500 mml 360 ma 120 mm...

Three forces and a couple act on crank ABC. Determine the value of d so that the given system of forces is equivalent to zero at (a) Point B, (b) Point D Sin. - Sin,

To enhance heat transfer from a silicon chip of width W = 4 mm on a side, a copper pin fin is brazed to the surface of the chip. The pin length and diameter are L = 12 mm and D = 2 mm, respectively,...

One gram-mole each of CO 2 , O 2 , and N 2 are fed to a batch reactor and heated to 3000K and 5.0atm. The two reactions given here proceed to equilibrium (also shown are the equilibrium constants at...

An aqueous solution with a specific gravity of 1.12 flows through a channel with a variable cross section, data taken at two axial positions in the channel are shown here. Point 2 is 6.00 meters...

A novel heat exchanger concept consists of a large number of extruded polypropylene sheets (k = 0.17 W/m ? K), each having a fin-like geometry, that are subsequently stacked and melted together to...

A vertical array of circuit boards is immersed in quiescent ambient air at T = 17C. Although the components protrude from their substrates, it is reasonable, as a first approximation, to assume flat...

A countershaft carrying two V-belt pulleys is shown in the figure. Pulley A receives power from a motor through a belt with the belt tensions shown. The power is transmitted through the shaft and...

Consider an infinitely thin flat plate with a 1-m chord at an angle of attack of 10 in a supersonic flow. The pressure and shear stress distributions on the upper surfaces are given by p u = 4x 10 4...

A derrick boom is guyed by cables AC and AD. A worker is lifting a 20-kg block by pulling on a rope that passes through the pulley at A. Knowing that the boom AB exerts a force at A that is directed...

A steel strip emerges from the hot roll section of a steel mill at a speed of 20 m/s and a temperature of 1200 K. Its length and thickness are L = 100 m and 8 = 0.003 m. respectively, and its density...

Computation of the Prandtl numbers for gases at low density. (a) By using the Eucken formula and experimental heat capacity data, estimate the Prandtl number at 1atm and 300K for each of the gases...

A laboratory apparatus to measure the diffusion coefficient of vapor-gas mixtures consists of a vertical, small-diameter column containing the liquid phase that evaporates into the gas flowing over...

The cylindrical system illustrated has negligible variation of temperature in the rand z directions. Assume that r = ro - ri is small compared to r; and denote the length in the z direction, normal...

Water is used to extract acetone from a 30 wt% acetone?70% MIBK mixture flowing at a rate of 200 kg/h. Two equilibrium stages at 25C are used as shown in the following diagram. If 300 kg H 2 O/h is...

A solid, truncated cone serves as a support for a system that maintains the top (truncated) face of the cone at a temperature T" while the base of the cone is at a temperature T 2 < T 1 . The thermal...

Creeping flow around a spherical bubble, when a liquid flows around a gas bubble, circulation takes place within the bubble. This circulation lowers the interfacial shear stress, and, to a first...

The pressure in a vessel containing methane and water at 70C is 10 atm. At the given temperature the Henrys law constant for methane is 6.66 x 10 4 atm/mole fraction. Estimate the mole fraction of...

The roof of a car in a parking lot absorbs a solar radiant flux of 800 W/m2, while the underside is perfectly insulated. The convection coefficient between the roof and the ambient air is 12 W/m2 K....

A rod of diameter D = 25 mm and thermal conductivity k = 60 W/m. K protrudes normally from a furnace wall that is at Tw = 200C and is covered by insulation of thickness L ins = 200 mm. The rod is...

The product gas from a coal gasification plant consists of 60.0 mole% CO and the balance H2 it leaves the plant at 150C and 2000psia. The gas expands through a turbine, and the outlet gas from the...

Ethanol is produced commercially by the hydration of ethylene: C2H4 (g) + H2O (v) C2H5OH (V) some of the product is converted to diethyl ether in the undesired side reaction 2 C2H5OH (v) = (C2H5)2O...

Below are listed the atomic weight, density, and atomic radius for three hypothetical alloys. For each determine whether its crystal structure is FCC, BCC, or simple cubic and then justify your...

Determine the reactions at the roller A and pin B. Given: M = 800 lb ft c = 3 ft F = 390 lb d = 5 a = 8 ft e = 12 b = 4 ft = 30 deg B.

The separation of isopentane from n-pentane by distillation is difficult (approximately 100 trays are required), but is commonly practiced in industry. Using the extended Antoine vapor pressure...

A distillation unit consists of a partial reboiler, a bubble-cap column, and a total condenser. The overall plate efficiency is 65%. The feed is a liquid mixture, at its bubble point, consisting of...

The metal rubidium has a BCC crystal structure. If the angle of diffraction for the (321) set of planes occurs at 27.00( (first-order reflection) when monochromatic x-radiation having a wavelength of...

The vortex tube (also known as a Ranque or Hirsch tube) is a device that produces a refrigeration effect by expanding pressurized gas such as air in a tube (instead of a turbine as in the reversed...

In chemical vapor deposition (CVD), a semiconducting or insulating solid material is formed in a reaction between a gaseous species and a species adsorbed on the surface of silicon wafers (disks...

A sling psychomotor is a device to measure the humidity of air. A porous cloth (the wick) is wrapped around the bulb of a mercury thermometer, which is then whirled around in the air. As the water in...

A spherical particle of radius r 1 experiences uniform thermal generation at a rate of q. The particle is encapsulated by a spherical shell of outside radius r 2 that is cooled by ambient air. The...

A fuel oil is burned with air in a boiler furnace. The combustion produces 813kW of thermal energy; of which 65% is transferred as heat to boiler tubes that pass through the furnace. The combustion...

A steam pipe of 0.12-m outside diameter is insulated with a layer of calcium silicate. (a) If the insulation is 20 mm thick and its inner and outer surfaces are maintained at T s,1 = 800 K and T s.2...

Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam. Given: kip = 103 lb w1 = 30lb/ft w2 120lb/ft L = 12 ft L.

If superman has a mass of 100 Kg on his birth planet Krypton, where the acceleration of gravity is 25 m/s2, determine (a) His weight on Krypton, in N, and (b) His mass, in Kg, and weight, in N, on...

The metal ion indicator xylenol orange (Table 11-3) is yellow at pH 6 ( max = 439 nm). The spectral changes that occur as VO 2+ is added to the indicator at pH 6 are shown here. The mole ratio VO 2+...

An inexpensive food and beverage container is fabricated from 25-mm-thick polystyrene (k = 0.023 W/m. K) and has interior dimensions of 0.8 m x 0.6 m x 0.6 m. Under conditions for which an inner...

Dry air is bubbled through 25.0 liters of water at a rate of 15.0 liters (STP)/min. The air leaving the liquid is saturated with water at 25C and 1.5 atm. How long will it take for all of the water...

Benzene and trimethylamine (TMA) are to be separated in a three-stage liquid-liquid extraction column using water as the solvent. If the solvent-free extract and raffinate products are to contain,...

The Howe bridge truss is subjected to the loading shown. Determine the force in members DE, EH, and HG and state if the members are in tension or compression. Units Used: kN = 103 N Given: F1 = 30kN...

A 30-L electrical radiator containing heating oil is placed in a well-sealed 50-m3 room. Both the air in the room and the oil in the radiator are initially at the environment temperature of 10°C....

If each wire can sustain a maximum tension Tmax before it fails, determine the greatest weight of the chandelier the wires will support in the position shown. Given: Tmax = 120 lb r = 1 ft h = 2.4 ft...

A venturi meter is a device to measure fluid flow rates, which in its operation resembles the orifice meter (Section 3.2b). It consists of a tapered Constriction in a line, with pressure taps leading...

Heat loss from an insulated pipe, a standard schedule 40, 2-in. steel pipe (inside diameter 2.067 in. and wall thickness 0.154 in.) carrying steam is insulated with 2 in. of 85% magnesia covered in...

Consider two-dimensional, steady-state conduction in a square cross section with prescribed surface temperatures (a) Determine the temperatures at nodes 1, 2, 3, and 4. Estimate the midpoint...

The feed to a distillation column is a 45.0 mole% n-pentane.-55.0 mole% n-hexane liquid mixture. The vapor stream leaving the top of the column, which contains 98.0 mole% pentane and the balance...