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business
fundamentals of management
Questions and Answers of
Fundamentals Of Management
If you worked at WFM, how would you vote when the company’s current health-care plan came up for an employee vote? Explain your reasoning.
What about your own values when it comes to balancing your home and work life? Assume that you’re about to graduate from law school and about to marry someone who’s also about to graduate from
You’re the managing partner in a law firm with 55 male associates and 45 female associates, and you agree with the argument that women lawyers need to “self-promote” more effectively. Which
Among the various approaches to enhancing workplace satisfaction and productivity discussed in the chapter, which ones might you take under the circumstances described in the case? Why are some of
Present your group findings to the class and discuss.
Then, as a small group, use the following Need/Motivation Worksheet to rank the relative importance of each of the motivators for each supervisor. Rank within groups—1 to 5 for Maslow’s Needs,
Read the following personnel files. In addition to other data, each profile contains a supervisor’s Performance Measure (PM). This is a score assigned by a computer-based productivity program
If, like Lee Iacocca, you were to carry this piece of paper with you and refer to it often as you pursued your career goals, do you think it would help you achieve them? Why or why not?
Write down each step in your path on a card or a sheet of paper.
Now describe a career path that will lead you toward that goal. It may help to work “backward”—that is, start with your final position and work backward in time to some entry-level job. If you
Consider the position that you’d like to hold at the peak of your career. It may be CEO, owner of a chain of clothing stores, partner in a law or accounting firm, or president of a university.Then
What, in your opinion, are the likely long-term consequences of positive reinforcement and punishment?
How did positive reinforcement and punishment affect the “employee” in the demonstration? How did it affect the “boss”?
Based on what you saw, which is more effective—positive reinforcement or punishment?
Consider a class you have taken. Using just that one class, offer examples of times when the professor used positive reinforcement, avoidance, punishment, and extinction to manage students’behavior.
Think about the worst job you have held. What approach to motivation was used in that organization?Now think about the best job you have held.What approach to motivation was used there? Can you base
How do rewards increase motivation? What would happen if an organization gave too few rewards?What would happen if it gave too many?
Can factors from both the content and the process perspectives be acting on a worker at the same time? Explain why or why not. Whether you answered yes or no to the previous question, explain the
Choose one theory from the content perspectives and one from the process perspectives. Describe actions that a manager might take to increase worker motivation under each of the theories.What
Describe some new forms of working arrangements.How do these alternative arrangements increase motivation?
Explain how goal-setting theory works. How is goal setting different from merely asking a worker to “do your best”?
Using equity theory as a framework, explain how a person can experience inequity because he or she is paid too much. What are the potential outcomes of this situation?
Compare and contrast content, process, and reinforcement perspectives on motivation.
Summarize Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and the two-factor theory. In what ways are they similar and in what ways are they different?
“This business of people saying they ‘thrive on stress’? It’s nuts,” says one eminent psychiatrist who goes so far as to say that such people are in danger of slipping into a pathological
Controller Pete Rogers says that any gathering of air traffic controllers is “almost like a miniconvention of Type A personalities.” Does this assessment surprise you or make sense to you? In
In your opinion, which causes of work stress, or organizational stressors, are likely to be among the most common experienced by air traffic controllers? Explain your reasoning.
What about you? Do you think that you could handle the kind of stress that air traffic controllers face on the job? Why or why not?
How do you typically manage the stress in your life? Can you manage stress in a more timeeffective manner?
Note the interrelationships among different kinds of stressors to see if they revolve around timerelated problems. For example, financial pressures may cause you to work, and work may interfere with
For each stressor that’s affected by your time management habits, develop a strategy for using your time more efficiently.
Evaluate the extent to which poor time management skills on your part play a role in the way each stressor affects you. Do exams cause stress, for example, because you tend to put off studying?
Conclude by responding to the following questions:• How easy is it to measure personality?• Do you feel that the online test accurately assessed your personality?• Why or why not? Share your
When you’ve determined the four-letter code for your personality type, you can get a handout from your instructor that will explain how your personality type affects not only your preferred style
Use a Myers–Briggs assessment form to determine your own personality type. You can find a form at www.keirsey.com/sorter/register.aspx, a website that also contains additional information about
Assume that you are going to hire three new employees for the department store you manage.One will sell shoes, one will manage the toy department, and one will work in the stockroom.Identify the
Write the psychological contract you have in this class. In other words, what do you contribute, and what inducements are available? Ask your professor to tell the class about the psychological
Managers cannot pay equal attention to every piece of information, so selective perception is a fact of life. How does selective perception help managers? How does it create difficulties for them?
As a manager, how can you tell that an employee is experiencing job satisfaction? How can you tell that employees are highly committed to the organization? If a worker is not satisfied, what can a
Organizations are increasing their use of personality tests to screen job applicants. What are the advantages and disadvantages of this approach?What can managers do to avoid some of the potential
Identify and describe several important workplace behaviors.
Identify and discuss the steps in the creative process.What can an organization do to increase employees’ creativity?
Describe the three components of attitudes and tell how the components are related. What is cognitive dissonance? How do individuals resolve cognitive dissonance?
What is a psychological contract? List the things that might be included in individual contributions.List the things that might be included in organizational inducements.
If you were an employee at Wegmans, how would you expect your annual performance appraisal to be conducted? Given the company’s customerrelations strategy, which appraisal methods do you think
As an HR executive at Wegmans, you need to hire a group of new employees as part of your management-trainee program—people who will be put on a track leading, ultimately, to positions as store
If you were an HR executive at Wegmans, would you focus more on internal recruiting or on external recruiting? Would your strategy for higherlevel positions differ from your strategy for lower-level
What sort of challenges are likely to confront a manager who supervises a mix of temporary and permanent employees? In what ways might these challenges differ if the temporary workers have been hired
Assume that you’re a prospective job seeker(which you may very well be). What do you personally see as the advantages and disadvantages of taking a temp-to-perm position? Under what circumstances
You’re a senior manager at a growing business and you’re ready to add employees. Your HR manager has recommended a temp-to-perm policy. You know the advantages of this approach, but what might be
Is there a large difference between how you think employers perceive college students and your group’s or class’s reported job values? If the difference is large, what difficulties might this
How much variation do you see in the responses for Column 2—that is, does your group or class agree on how employers perceive college students?
If there are significant differences between individuals, what impact might these differences have on the recruiting process? On the training process? On the performance evaluation and compensation
How much variation do you see in the job value rankings in Column 1—that is, are students’values quite different, moderately different, or very similar overall?
In small groups or a class, compute an average ranking for each value. Then discuss the results.
In your opinion, when potential employers try to attract students, how much importance do they think students give to each of the values? For Column 2, respond with a 1 (plus) if you think employers
Complete the following Job Values Survey. Consider what you want from your future career.Using Column 1, rank the 14 job values from 1 to 14, with 1 being the most important to you and 14 being the
How important is it for you, as a manager hiring an employee to perform a job, to possess the technical skills needed to perform the job that you’re trying to fill?
Develop a brief set of interview questions that you might use to determine whether an applicant has the qualifications for each job.
Identify the general indicators or predictors of whether a given individual can perform each job.
Identify the most basic skills needed to perform each of the two jobs effectively.
Are there any job characteristics that you desire strongly enough to sacrifice compensation in order to get them? What are they? What are the limits, if any, on your willingness to sacrifice pay for
Is there any conflict between your answers to questions 3 and 5? If so, how do you plan to resolve it?
Based purely on job characteristics, which occupation would be “best” for you?
Now go to www.bls.gov/ooh and access job descriptions for various occupations. Review the description for each of the three career choices that you’ve already investigated.
Based purely on salary information, which occupation would be “best” for you?
Record the hourly salary data for each of your three choices, and then use the hourly salary to project an expected annual income. (Hint: Fulltime jobs require about 2,000 hours annually.)
Access a summary of the Department of Labor’s National Compensation Survey at http://stats.bls.gov/ncs/ocs/sp/ncbl0449.pdf. (If the page has moved, search by the survey title.) Find detailed data
In what ways would managing temporary workers be easier than managing traditional permanent employees? In what ways would it be more difficult?What differences would likely exist in your own behavior
How would managing nonunionized workers differ from managing workers who elected to be in a union? Which would be easier? Why?
Consider a job that you have held or with which you are familiar. Describe how you think an organization could best provide an RJP for that position. What types of information and experiences should
How do you know a selection device is valid?What are the possible consequences of using invalid selection methods? How can an organization ensure that its selection methods are valid?
The Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 is seen as providing much-needed flexibility and security for families and workers. Others think that it places an unnecessary burden on business. Yet another
What are the potential benefits of diversity? How can individuals and organizations more effectively manage diversity?
Define wages and benefits. List different benefits that organizations can offer. What three decisions must managers make to determine compensation and benefits? Explain each decision.
Compare training and development, noting any similarities and differences. What are some commonly used training methods?
Describe the common selection methods. Which method or methods are the best predictors of future job performance? Which are the worst?Why?
Describe the steps in the process of human resource planning. Explain the relationships between the steps.
Would you want to manage an IKEA store? Why or why not?
One IKEA executive says that the current global economic situation has “pushed innovation” at the company. In fact, he says, “This is a great time to be more innovative.” Explain what he most
There’s an IKEA TV ad that features a discarded lamp, forsaken on a rainy night in some American city. A man looks at the camera and says in a sympathetic Swedish accent, “Many of you feel bad
You’re an IKEA store manager, and corporate headquarters has instructed you to change the layout of your store. The change must be “dramatic,”but the details are up to you. What steps will you
Despite the commitments made by its CEOs, Roche Group is an immense company: It employs more than 80,000 people in 150 countries and posted revenues of $48 billion in 2012. There will undoubtedly be
Ex-Roche Chairman Franz Humer committed the parent company to sustaining Genentech’s “innovative culture,” and his successor, Severin Schwan, has stated that he intends to “keep the two
You’re an up-and-coming assistant to a manager at Roche Group. Your boss is being transferred to the company’s recently acquired research facilities at the former Genentech headquarters in San
Describe the various roles played by members of your group. For example, did anyone function primarily as a “voice of caution”? Did anyone serve as a devil’s advocate? Did anyone work as a
Explain the process your group used to come up with the design. Describe the number of people who participated, how they participated, how any disagreements were resolved, and so on. What, if
What, if anything, does this suggest to you about organization resources and their effect on innovation?
Develop an overall strategy for trying to save the hotel while protecting your own interests.
Can more than one alternative be pursued simultaneously?Which ones?
Identify alternatives other than the four that you first identified.
Rank-order your four alternatives in terms of probable success. Make any necessary assumptions.
Assume that the hotel will fail and start looking for another job. You have a pretty good reputation, but you’re not terribly happy about the possibility of having to accept a lower-level
Allow the franchise agreement to terminate and try to succeed as an independent hotel.
Convince the franchisor to give you more time and more options for upgrading the facility.
Convince the franchisee-owners to remodel the hotel. You estimate that it will take $10 million to meet the franchisor’s minimum standards and another $15 million to bring the hotel up to the
Finally, discuss the kinds of advice and expertise that this idea and its company need to grow into a successful start-up.
Next, describe the current status of your chosen technology in the innovation process. Explain how you arrived at your decision about where to place the technology in the process.
Use the Internet to locate information about at least five promising new technologies. (Hint: The websites of publications that report technology news, such as TechWeb, are good sources, as are the
Can a change made in one area of an organization—in technology, for instance—not lead to change in other areas? If you think that change in one area must lead to change in other areas, describe
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