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business
production and operations management

Questions and Answers of Production And Operations Management

1. Evaluate the various configurations of operating and closed plants that will meet weekly demand. Determine which configuration minimizes total costs.Andrew-Carter, Inc. (A-C), is a major Canadian
2. Discuss the implications of closing a plant.Andrew-Carter, Inc. (A-C), is a major Canadian producer and distributor of outdoor lighting fixtures. Its products are distributed throughout South and
1. After researching revenue (yield) management in airlines, describe how the Magic system differs from that of American or other airline carriers.Revenue management was once the exclusive domain of
2. The Magic used its original pricing systems of several years ago and set the price for a Terrace V, Zone 103 seat at $68 per game.There were 230 such seats not purchased as part of season ticket
3. What are some concerns the team needs to consider when using dynamic pricing with frequent changes in price?Revenue management was once the exclusive domain of the airline industry. But it has
LO 13.1 The outputs from an S&OP process are:a) long-run plans.b) detail schedules.c) aggregate plans.d) revenue management plans.e) short-run plans.
LO 13.2 Aggregate planning is concerned with determining the quantity and timing of production in the:a) short term.b) intermediate term.c) long term.d) all of the above.
LO 13.6 Revenue management requires management to deal with:a) multiple pricing structures.b) changes in demand.c) forecasts of use.d) forecasts of duration of use.e) all of the above.
LO 12.7 The appropriate level of safety stock is typically determined by:a) minimizing an expected stockout cost.b) choosing the level of safety stock that assures a given service level.c) carrying
LO 12.6 The EOQ model with quantity discounts attempts to determine:a) the lowest amount of inventory necessary to satisfy a certain service level.b) the lowest purchase price.c) whether to use a
LO 12.4 Extra units in inventory to help reduce stockouts are called:a) reorder point.b) safety stock.c) just-in-time inventory.d) all of the above.
LO 12.2 Cycle counting:a) provides a measure of inventory turnover.b) assumes that all inventory records must be verified with the same frequency.c) is a process by which inventory records are
LO 12.1 ABC analysis divides on-hand inventory into three classes, based on:a) unit price.b) the number of units on hand.c) annual demand.d) annual dollar values.
3. How would you go about implementing these suggestions? Controlling inventory is one of Wheeled Coach’s toughest problems. Operating according to a strategy of mass customization and
2. If you were to take over as inventory control manager at Wheeled Coach, what additional policies and techniques would you initiate to ensure accurate inventory records? Controlling inventory is
1. Explain how Wheeled Coach implements ABC analysis. Controlling inventory is one of Wheeled Coach’s toughest problems. Operating according to a strategy of mass customization and responsiveness,
7. Why doesn’t Frito-Lay make all its 41 products at each of its plants? Frito-Lay has flourished since its origin—the 1931 purchase of a small San Antonio firm for $100 that included a recipe,
6. Why does the company keep so many plants open? Frito-Lay has flourished since its origin—the 1931 purchase of a small San Antonio firm for $100 that included a recipe, 19 retail accounts, and a
5. Why does inventory flow so quickly through a Frito-Lay plant? Frito-Lay has flourished since its origin—the 1931 purchase of a small San Antonio firm for $100 that included a recipe, 19 retail
4. How would you rank the dollar investment in each of the four types (from the most investment to the least investment)? Frito-Lay has flourished since its origin—the 1931 purchase of a small San
3. What are the four types of inventory? Give an example of each at Frito-Lay. Frito-Lay has flourished since its origin—the 1931 purchase of a small San Antonio firm for $100 that included a
2. What are the major inventory items at Frito-Lay, and how rapidly do they move through the process? Frito-Lay has flourished since its origin—the 1931 purchase of a small San Antonio firm for
1. How does the mix of Frito-Lay’s inventory differ from those at a machine or cabinet shop (a process-focused facility)? Frito-Lay has flourished since its origin—the 1931 purchase of a small
2. Discuss ROPs and total costs.Zhou Bicycle Company (ZBC), located in Seattle, is a wholesale distributor of bicycles and bicycle parts. Formed in 1981 by University of Washington Professor Yong-Pin
1. Develop an inventory plan to help ZBC.Zhou Bicycle Company (ZBC), located in Seattle, is a wholesale distributor of bicycles and bicycle parts. Formed in 1981 by University of Washington Professor
• • 12.47 Metro hypermarket in Kuwait supplies juice boxes from a manufacturer in Saudi Arabia. Daily demand is almost constant at 100 boxes per day. The lead time for boxes delivery is normally
• • 12.46 Chicago’s Hard Rock Hotel distributes a mean of 1,000 bath towels per day to guests at the pool and in their rooms.This demand is normally distributed with a standard deviation of 100
• • 12.38 Given the following data on a hardware item stocked by Andreas Wieland’s paint store in Copenhagen, should the quantity discount be taken?• D = 2,000 units; S = $10; H = $1; P =
• • 12.35 Rick Jerz is attempting to perform an inventory analysis on one of his most popular products. Annual demand for this product is 5,000 units; carrying cost is $50 per unit per year;
• 12.34 It takes approximately 2 weeks (14 days) for an order of steel bolts to arrive once the order has been placed. The demand for bolts is fairly constant; on the average, the manager, Michelle
• • 12.32 If the economic order quantity = 300, annual demand= 8,000 units, and order costs = $45 per order, what is the holding cost for P. S. Ravi Metalworks?
• 12.31 If D = 1,000 per year, S = $62.50 per order, and H = $.50 per unit per year, what is the economic order quantity for purchasing manager Soomin Park?
• • 12.25 Rocky Mountain Tire Center sells 20,000 go-cart tires per year. The ordering cost for each order is $40, and the holding cost is 20% of the purchase price of the tires per year.The
• 12.13 Atech Service sells professional cleaning machines and scouring agents. They deliver the scouring agents to customers on a fixed weekly schedule.The annual demand is 1,500 bottles, each
• 12.8 If D 5 8,000 per month, S 5 $45 per order, and H 5 $2 per unit per month,a) What is the economic order quantity?b) How does your answer change if the holding cost doubles?c) What if the
The demand at Arnold Palmer Hospital for a specialized surgery pack is 60 per week, virtually every week. The lead time from McKesson, its main supplier, is normally distributed, with a mean of 6
The daily demand for 52” flat-screen TVs at Sarah’s Discount Emporium is normally distributed, with an average of 5 and a standard deviation of 2 units. The lead time for receiving a shipment of
Annual demand for notebook binders at Meyer’s Stationery Shop is 10,000 units. Brad Meyer operates his business 300 days per year and finds that deliveries from his supplier generally take 5
18. Why would it be advantageous to supply a regional warehouse from the central warehouse using a fixed period system?
17. How are inventory levels monitored in retail stores?
16. When demand is not constant, the reorder point is a function of what four parameters?
15. What is “safety stock”? What does safety stock provide safety against?
13. Suggest how we can set the time between deliveries in a fixed period system.
11. What is meant by “service level”?
10. What should be considered if the order quantity is to be increased from the optimal to a discount point?
9. Even if we have substantial uncertainty in the parameters in the EOQ model, it is still quite a useful model. Discuss.
8. What are the advantages of cycle counting?
5. Explain the major assumptions of the basic EOQ model.
3. What is the implication of the Pareto principle?
1. Describe the four types of inventory.
Chris Ellis’s newsstand, just outside the Smithsonian subway station in Washington, DC, usually sells 120 copies of the Washington Post each day. Chris believes the sale of the Post is normally
The Circuit Town store’s most popular item is six-packs of 9-volt batteries. About 150 packs are sold per day, following a normal distribution with a standard deviation of 16 packs. Batteries are
The Circuit Town store in Example 12 sells about 10 digital cameras a day (almost a constant quantity).Lead time for camera delivery is normally distributed with a mean time of 6 days and a standard
The average daily demand for Lenovo laptop computers at a Circuit Town store is 15, with a standard deviation of 5 units. The lead time is constant at 2 days. Find the reorder point if management
Chris Beehner Electronics stocks toy remote-control drones. Recently, the store has been offered a quantity discount schedule for these drones. This quantity schedule was shown in Table 12.2.
Nathan Manufacturing, Inc., makes and sells specialty wheels for the retail automobile aftermarket.Nathan’s forecast for its wire wheels is 1,000 units next year, with an average daily demand of 4
An Apple store has a demand (D) for 8,000 iPhones per year. The firm operates a 250-day working year.On average, delivery of an order takes 3 working days, but has been known to take as long as 4
Management in the Sharp, Inc., examples underestimates total annual demand by 50% (say demand is actually 1,500 needles rather than 1,000 needles) while using the same Q. How will the annual
Sharp, Inc. (from Examples 3 and 4) wants to determine the combined annual ordering and holding costs.APPROACH c Apply Equation (12-5), using the data in Example 3.
Sharp, Inc. (in Example 3) has a 250-day working year and wants to find the number of orders (N) and the expected time between orders (T).APPROACH c Using Equations (12-2) and (12-3), Sharp enters
Sharp, Inc., a company that markets painless hypodermic needles to hospitals, would like to reduce its inventory cost by determining the optimal number of hypodermic needles to obtain per
Cole’s Trucks, Inc., a builder of high-quality refuse trucks, has about 5,000 items in its inventory. It wants to determine how many items to cycle count each day.APPROACH c After hiring Matt
Silicon Chips, Inc., maker of superfast DRAM chips, wants to categorize its 10 major inventory items using ABC analysis.APPROACH c ABC analysis organizes the items on an annual dollar-volume basis.
Explain and use the quantity discount model
Explain and use the EOQ model for independent inventory demand
Explain and use cycle counting
Discuss important issues in office layout
LO 9.2 Define the objectives of retail layout
LO 9.3 Discuss modern warehouse management and terms such as ASRS, cross-docking, and random stocking
LO 9.4 Identify when fixed-position layouts are appropriate
LO 9.5 Explain how to achieve a good process-oriented facility layout
LO 9.6 Define work cell and the requirements of a work cell
LO 9.7 Define product-oriented layout
LO 9.8 Explain how to balance production flow in a repetitive or product-oriented facility
Walters Company management wants to arrange the six departments of its factory in a way that will minimize interdepartmental material-handling costs. They make an initial assumption (to simplify the
Boeing wants to develop a precedence diagram for an electrostatic wing component that requires a total assembly time of 65 minutes.APPROACH c Staff gather tasks, assembly times, and sequence
On the basis of the precedence diagram and activity times given in Example 2, Boeing determines that there are 480 productive minutes of work available per day. Furthermore, the production schedule
Boeing wishes to calculate the efficiency and idle time for Example 3.APPROACH c Equation (9-4) and (9-5) are applied.
8. What are the advantages and disadvantages of work cells?
9. What are the main requirements of work cells?
10. What are the two major trends influencing office layout?
11. What are the key factors that should be considered when designing a hospital layout?
12. What layout innovations have you noticed recently in retail establishments?
13. What are the variables that a manager can manipulate in a retail layout?
15. How does automatic identification work in a warehousing system?
16. What information is necessary for random stocking to work?
17. Explain the concept of cross-docking.
18. What is a heuristic? Name several that can be used in assemblyline balancing.
Aero Maintenance is a small aircraft engine maintenance facility located in Wichita, Kansas. Its new administrator, Ann Daniel, decides to improve material flow in the facility, using the process
• • 9.2 A manufacturing firm in Saudi Arabia has four work centers arranged in the following order:Plan A (Existing Layout).The number of workpieces moved between the four work centers are shown
• 9.3 Three departments—milling (M), drilling (D), and sawing (S)—are assigned to three work areas in Victor Berardis’s machine shop in Kent, Ohio. The number of workpieces moved per day and
• • 9.5 A job shop in the new industrial area of Six of October, Egypt, wants to arrange four work centers to minimize the interdepartmental material-handling cost. The flow and the current
• • • 9.7 Reid Chocolates (see Problem 9.6) is considering a third layout, as shown below. Evaluate its effectiveness in tripdistance feet. Kitchen layout #3 Walking distance in feet Refrig.
• • • 9.8 The National Library of China consists of four major sections, each occupying different floors of a seven-storey building. A study shows that the average total distance covered by
• • • 9.9 Reid Chocolates (see Problem 9.6) has yet another layout it wishes to consider. Layout 5, which follows, has what total trip distance? 12 Kitchen layout #5 Walking distance in feet
• • 9.10 A large equipment manufacturer uses five adjacent work centers to manufacture its equipment. The distance between any two adjacent work centers is 100 meters. The number of daily trips
• • 9.17 Tailwind, Inc., produces high-quality but expensive training shoes for runners. The Tailwind shoe, which sells for $210, contains both gas- and liquid-filled compartments to provide more
• • 9.18 The Mach 10 is a one-person sailboat manufactured by Creative Leisure. The final assembly plant is in Cupertino, California. The assembly area is available for production of the Mach 10
• • 9.19 Because of the expected high demand for Mach 10, Creative Leisure has decided to increase manufacturing time available to produce the Mach 10 (see Problem 9.18).a) If demand remained the
• • 9.21 Suppose production requirements in Solved Problem 9.2 (see page 428) increase and require a reduction in cycle time from 8 minutes to 7 minutes. Balance the line once again, using the

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